基于标签技术的MMC-UPFC电容电压减频效应与抑制策略

王楚扬; 张梦杰; 赵云龙; 邹玉婷; 张犁

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.06.012

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电力建设 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6) : 150-164. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.06.012

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基于标签技术的MMC-UPFC电容电压减频效应与抑制策略

作者信息 +

Frequency-Decrease Effect and Inhibitory Strategies for Capacitor Voltage in MMC-UPFCs Based on Tagging Technology

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摘要

【目的】为解决基于模块化多电平换流器（modular multilevel converter， MMC）的统一潮流控制器（unified power flow controller， UPFC）在低开关频率下子模块电容电压减频效应及其抑制导致的系统开关损耗和谐波性能恶化问题，提出了一种基于画像标签技术的减频效应抑制与电容电压均衡优化策略。【方法】所提策略首先构建了基于MMC-UPFC多维数据资源的标签体系，结合评价标签与优化取值确定最佳载波比标签值；其次，提出基于标签技术反馈调节的电容电压均衡优化策略，依据电容电压不均衡度标签聚类范围，在电容电压不均衡度较高时选择接入均压控制器。【结果】仿真实验结果表明：1）当载波比取值为2+1/N时，电容电压不均衡度稳定在1.6%左右，而取值为2.5时不均衡度超过3%且持续上升；2）基于标签技术反馈调节的电容电压均衡优化策略中，当均压控制器有选择接入时，桥臂电容电压不均衡度可稳定在0.7%，显著优于传统全时均压策略；3）在载波比取值为2.4时，非全时均压策略能够有效抑制电容电压波动，使交流电流总谐波畸变率（total harmonic distortion， THD）从全时均压策略的12.61%降低至0.11%。【结论】所提出的基于画像标签技术的减频效应抑制与电容电压均衡优化策略具有良好的应用效果，解决了MMC-UPFC系统在低载波比下的谐波抑制和电容电压均衡问题，为MMC-UPFC系统的优化运行提供了理论支持。

Abstract

[Objective] In this study， we aim to address the submodule capacitor voltage frequency reduction effects and the resulting deterioration in system switching losses and harmonic performance in modular multilevel converter （MMC）-based unified power flow controllers （UPFCs） under low switching frequencies， frequency reduction suppression， and capacitor voltage balancing optimization strategy based on profiling tag technology. [Methods] The proposed strategy first involves constructing a tag system based on the multidimensional data resources of the MMC-UPFC and determining the optimal frequency ratio tag value by combining evaluation tags and optimized parameters. Subsequently， we propose a capacitor voltage-balancing optimization strategy based on tag technology feedback regulation， which selectively activates the voltage-balancing controller when the capacitor voltage imbalance degree exceeds a certain threshold， as determined by the clustering range of the imbalance degree tags. [Results] Simulation results indicate the following： 1） when the frequency ratio is set to 2+1/N， the capacitor voltage imbalance degree stabilizes around 1.6%， whereas it exceeds 3% and continues to rise when the frequency ratio is 2.5； 2） in the capacitor voltage balancing optimization strategy based on tag technology feedback regulation， the bridge arm capacitor voltage imbalance degree can stabilize at 0.7% when the voltage balancing controller is selectively activated， significantly outperforming traditional full-time voltage balancing strategies； 3） at a frequency ratio of R_F=2.4， the non-full-time voltage balancing strategy effectively suppresses capacitor voltage fluctuations， reducing the total harmonic distortion （THD） of the AC current from 12.61% under the full-time voltage balancing strategy to 0.11%. [Conclusions] The proposed frequency reduction suppression and capacitor voltage balancing optimization strategy based on profiling tag technology demonstrates excellent performance， addresses the issues of harmonic suppression and capacitor voltage balancing in MMC-UPFC systems under low frequency ratios， and provides theoretical support for the optimized operation of MMC-UPFC systems.

导出引用

王楚扬, 张梦杰, 赵云龙, 等. 基于标签技术的MMC-UPFC电容电压减频效应与抑制策略[J]. 电力建设. 2025, 46(6): 150-164 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.06.012

WANG Chuyang, ZHANG Mengjie, ZHAO Yunlong, et al. Frequency-Decrease Effect and Inhibitory Strategies for Capacitor Voltage in MMC-UPFCs Based on Tagging Technology[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025, 46(6): 150-164 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.06.012

中图分类号： TM46

参考文献

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.01.005

摘要

基于提出的建设泛在电力物联网的号召，利用统一潮流控制器（unified power flow controller, UPFC）实现物理层面上多条线路的紧密联系。由多个换流器串联接入到多条输电线路上，另外多个并联换流器连接到其他多个网络中，形成一个由换流器作为媒介的大型电力系统输电框架。在连接众多换流器的直流线路上，由储能电池作为有功功率支撑并联接入，共同组成泛在电力物联网框架下的新型UPFC系统。对新型UPFC系统进行数学建模，以对可再生能源的最大消纳能力和有功功率传输的最小成本为目标函数，用遗传算法进行求解。通过算例仿真验证了新型UPFC系统在增强有功功率传输极限、减少有功功率传输成本等方面的优越性。

ZHAO

Changshu

, QIU

Xiaoyan

, ZHAO

Youlin

, et al. A new UPFC system in the framework of ubiquitous power Internet of Things[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2020, 41(1): 39-44.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.01.005

本文引用 [1] 摘要

In building ubiquitous power Internet of things, the unified power flow controller (UPFC) may be used to realize the close connection of multiple lines on the physical level. A large-scale power system transmission framework is formed by connecting multiple converters in series to multiple transmission lines, and connecting multiple parallel converters to other multiple networks. On the DC lines connecting many converters, the energy storage battery is connected in parallel as the active power support to form a new UPFC system under the framework of the power internet of things. The mathematical model of the new UPFC system is established, and the objective function is the maximum capacity of renewable energy accommodation and the minimum cost of active power transmission. The advantages of the new UPFC system in enhancing the transmission limit of active power and reducing the transmission cost of active power are verified by numerical simulation.

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2015.08.012

摘要

首先介绍了统一潮流控制器（unified power flow controller，UPFC）在国内外理论研究和工程应用的发展和现状。接着具体阐述了南京西环网在发展中存在的输电通道能力不足、潮流分布不均等问题。通过与常规解决措施的对比，阐明了在南京西环网中应用UPFC提高电网输电能力及稳定性的可行性、必要性和必然性。经分析计算发现,通过应用UPFC，不仅能够有效控制电网潮流，提高现有电网的输电能力，从而避免投资巨大、实施难度极大的城市电缆输电通道建设，而且还能够很好地适应未来电网网架的变化。因此，在南京西环网甚至将来的江苏电网中，应用UPFC可以显著提高电网的输电能力、利用效率及运行安全性，能够取得良好的经济效益和社会效益。

CAI

Hui

, QI

Wanchun

, HUANG

Junhui

, et al. Application of UPFC in Nanjing western power system[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2015, 36(8): 73-78.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2015.08.012

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Firstly, the development and present situation of theoretical study and engineering application of the unified power flow controller （UPFC） at home and abroad were introduced. Then, the constraints in developing Nanjing Western grid were described in detail, such as limited transfer capacities of power imported channels, unbalanced power flow distributions and so on. Through the comparison with other convention solutions, the feasibility, necessity and inevitability of UPFC applied in Nanjing Western grid to improve the systems reliability and transfer capacity were investigated. Through the analysis and calculation, it is found that the application of UPFC not only can effectively control power flow, enhance the transfer capacity of the existing power grid, which can avoid constructing city-crossed cable channel with huge investment and difficult construction； but also can be well adapted to the changes of power grid frame in the future. Therefore, the application of UPFC in Nanjing Western grid or even Jiangsu grid in the future can prominently improve the transfer capacity, utilization efficiency and running security of power grid, which can achieve good economic and social benefits.

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https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.09.006

摘要

混合型统一潮流控制器(hybrid unified power flow controller,HUPFC)可以实现统一潮流控制器(unified power flow controller,UPFC)与移相变压器(‘Sen’ transformer,ST)的优势互补,广泛应用于系统潮流控制之中。但是,尚未有文献开展HUPFC抑制系统次同步振荡(sub-synchronous oscillation,SSO)的研究。针对双馈风机(double-fed induction generator,DFIG)经串补输电系统存在的SSO问题,提出一种HUPFC附加有源电阻控制(supplementary active resistance control,SARC)策略。首先,阐述了HUPFC的原理及其SSO抑制机理。然后,设计了SARC策略,该策略通过实时跟踪线路中的次同步电流信号,使HUPFC向输电线路叠加一个与次同步电流信号相位相同、幅值可变的次同步电压,进而实现系统等效正电阻,达到抑制SSO的目的。最后,给出了SARC的参数设计方法,在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真环境中,以华北某风电场为仿真算例,采用频率扫描与时域仿真相结合的方法,验证了所提HUPFC的SARC策略抑制双馈风机经串补输电系统SSO的有效性。

GAO

Benfeng

, WANG

Xiao

, LIANG

Jifeng

, et al. Control strategy of hybrid unified power flow controller to suppress wind power sub-synchronous oscillation[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2021, 42(9): 53-64.

https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.09.006

本文引用 [1] 摘要

The hybrid unified power flow controller (HUPFC) combines the advantages of unified power flow controller (UPFC) and ‘Sen’ transformer (ST), so HUPFC is widely applied in power flow control of the power system. However, little literature has studied the application of HUPFC to suppress sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO). To solve the problem of SSO in double-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farm connected to series compensated transmission system, a suppression strategy is proposed in the paper on the basis of the supplementary active resistance control (SARC) of HUPFC. Firstly, the principle of HUPFC and the suppression mechanism for SSO are introduced. Then, the SARC strategy is designed. By tracking sub-synchronous current in the transmission line, the SARC strategy makes HUPFC inject a sub-synchronous voltage which has the same phase as the sub-synchronous current and variable amplitude to the grid. Thereby, the system equivalent resistance is increased to a positive value to suppress SSO. Finally, the parameters design method of SARC is introduced and a detailed simulation model is carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC using the data of an actual wind farm in North China. The results of the frequency scanning and the time domain simulation both show that the proposed SARC strategy of HUPFC can effectively suppress SSO in DFIG-based wind farm connected to series compensated transmission system.

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Xin

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Chengyong

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Guangkai

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.ISSN.1672-0792.2022.08.005

摘要

针对子模块数较少的模块化多电平换流器（MMC）电容电压不均衡的问题，以中压配电网下的MMC电力电子变压器的输入级为研究对象，在基于载波移相的传统电容电压均衡控制策略的基础上提出了一种改进的均压控制策略——引入桥臂电容电压平均值前馈控制，使参考电压信号更接近桥臂电容电压的平均值。在MATLAB/SIMULINK平台上搭建了17电平模块化多电平整流器模型，进行了稳态和动态仿真实验。实验结果表明，与传统均压策略相比，所提出的策略有更好的均压效果，并且具有良好的稳定性。

WANG

Huiru

, CHEN

Zhuo

, LIU

Renzhi

, et al. Improved voltage equalization control strategy for MMC based on carrier phase shift[J]. Electric Power Science and Engineering, 2022, 38(8): 39-46.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.ISSN.1672-0792.2022.08.005

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Aiming at the problem of capacitor voltage imbalance in modular multilevel converter with fewer sub-modules, taking the input stage of MMC power electronic transformer under medium voltage distribution network as the research object, an improved voltage equalization control strategy was proposed on the basis of the traditional capacitor voltage equalization control strategy based on carrier phase shift. The bridge arm capacitor voltage average feedward control is introduced to the strategy in order to make the reference voltage signal closer to the mean value of the bridge arm capacitor voltage. A 17-level modular multilevel rectifier model was built on MATLAB/SIMULINK platform, then the steady-state and dynamic simulation experiments were carried out. The experiment results show that the proposed strategy has a better voltage equalization effect and better stability than the traditional voltage equalization strategy.

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王仁武, 张文慧. 学术用户画像的行为与兴趣标签构建与应用[J]. 现代情报, 2019, 39(9): 54-63.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2019.09.006

摘要

[目的/意义]学术用户画像是对用户访问使用学术资源行为的较全面的刻画。本文尝试构建图书馆学术用户画像的信息行为标签和研究兴趣标签，来准确定位学术用户的信息需求，以便推荐合适的学术资源。[方法/过程]具体方法是全面获取用户的访问日志并进行清洗处理，然后构建从学术用户信息行为出发的用户画像标签体系，进一步研究构建了基于研究兴趣关联的信息资源推荐服务。[结果/结论]本研究有助于提高用户信息获取效率，提高图书馆学术资源推荐服务的质量，并为结合其它资源全面构建图书馆学术用户画像提供一定的借鉴。

WANG

Renwu

, ZHANG

Wenhui

. Behavior and interest labeling construction and application of academic user portraits[J]. Journal of Modern Information, 2019, 39(9): 54-63.

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