PDF(1730 KB)
Shared Energy Storage Planning for Integrated Energy Systems Based on Distributionally Robust Optimization
ZHAO Zhenyu, LIN Shan, MA Qianxin
Electric Power Construction ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11) : 58-70.
PDF(1730 KB)
PDF(1730 KB)
Shared Energy Storage Planning for Integrated Energy Systems Based on Distributionally Robust Optimization
[Objective] To enhance energy utilization efficiency and develop demand-side resources， a shared energy storage （SES） planning framework is constructed for integrated energy system （IES） clusters by taking advantage of the cost- and energy-sharing features of shared energy storage.[Methods] First， considering multiple demands， a joint operation mode of IES clusters with shared energy storage is proposed and a planning model is established. Second， to address the uncertainty of the source load within the IES， a two-stage data-driven distributionally robust optimization model is proposed. The primary goal of the first stage is to minimize the upfront investment required for shared energy storage systems， whereas the second stage， under the scenario of user demand response， aims to minimize the costs of demand response， environment， and operations. The uncertainty is characterized by a comprehensive norm constraint， and the column-and-constraint generation （C&CG） algorithm was employed to solve the model.[Results] A typical load-， energy-， and balanced-type IES was used for the case study. The experimental results show that compared to the scenario that does consider the electricity demand response， the investment capacity and rated power of the SES were reduced by 54.00%， carbon emissions by 11.13%， and the investment and operation costs by 54.00% and 41.16%， respectively.[Conclusions] The demand response mechanism not only significantly improves the flexibility of the system and effectively reduces the investment cost of SES but also further reduces the operation cost by optimizing the grid interaction strategy， which can reduce system carbon emissions， achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits. The proposed method considers the energy storage demands of each IES within the system and significantly reduces the system investment cost， establishing a distributionally robust economical model with excellent planning and operation.
shared energy storage （SES） / demand response / integrated energy system （IES） / two-stage distributionally robust optimization
| [1] |
易俊, 林伟芳, 李佳玉, 等. 基于“碳平衡”的新型电力系统电力电量平衡模式构建[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(15): 5723-5738.
|
| [2] |
赵琮皓, 周俊, 李健, 等. 计及源-网-荷-储灵活调节资源的新能源合理利用率评估方法[J/OL]. 电网技术, 2024: 1-12. (2024-11-07) [2025-06-19]. https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2024.1360.
|
| [3] |
尚文强, 李广磊, 丁月明, 等. 考虑源荷不确定性和新能源消纳的综合能源系统协同调度方法[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(2): 517-532.
|
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
张志一, 窦震海, 于润泽, 等. 考虑电-热等效虚拟储能的综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45(3): 16-26.
针对传统的实体储能设备因建设成本较高而难以大规模应用的问题，提出了考虑电-热等效虚拟储能的综合能源系统低碳经济调度模型。首先，通过采用住宅用户热舒适度这一指标调节热负荷并与热电联产(combined heat and power, CHP)机组相结合，形成热力等效虚拟储能。其次，将碳捕集设备视为可调节负荷并与需求侧响应一起作为电力等效虚拟储能参与削峰填谷。此外，在负荷低谷时碳捕集设备以最大功率运行可以有效降低CHP机组的CO2排放量。最后，以购能成本、弃风成本、CO2封存成本、碳交易成本、需求响应补偿成本之和最小为目标建立模型。算例仿真结果表明同时考虑热力等效虚拟储能、需求响应与碳捕集设备协同作用，提高了综合能源系统整体的风能渗透率与经济性，同时降低了CO2的排放量。
As broad application of traditional physical energy storage equipment is difficult due to high construction costs, the low-carbon economic dispatch model of an integrated energy system considering electric-thermal equivalent virtual energy storage is proposed in this paper. First, the heat load is adjusted using the thermal comfort index of residential users and combined with combined heat and power (CHP) units to form a thermally equivalent virtual energy storage. Second, the carbon capture equipment is regarded as an adjustable load, and participates in peak shaving and valley filling as an equivalent virtual energy storage with a demand-side response. In addition, the carbon capture equipment operates at the maximum power during periods of low load, which can effectively reduce the CO2 emissions of the CHP units. Finally, a model is established with the goal of minimizing the sum of energy purchase costs, wind curtailment costs, CO2 sequestration costs, carbon transaction costs, and demand response compensation costs. The simulation results of the example show that, considering the synergy of thermal equivalent virtual energy storage, demand response, and carbon capture equipment simultaneously； the overall wind energy penetration rate of the system is improved, carbon emissions are reduced, and the economy of integrated energy system is improved.
|
| [6] |
颜宁, 马广超, 李相俊, 等. 考虑跨季节性储能的园区综合能源系统低碳经济调度方法[J]. 高电压技术, 2023, 49(10): 4182-4191.
|
| [7] |
孙毅, 谷家训, 郑顺林, 等. 考虑广义储能和LCA碳排放的综合能源系统低碳优化运行策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(5): 647-658.
综合能源系统(IES)是当前能源转型低碳发展背景下实现“双碳”目标的关键,为了提高IES碳减排能力,需要充分利用需求侧负荷资源和传统储能设备等广义储能资源参与IES优化.首先,建立一种综合考虑可再生能源、能源转换设备、广义储能设备、能源市场交易的IES优化运行模型.然后,使用生命周期评估法(LCA)对IES中能源循环、设备循环的全过程进行碳排放量计算,并将碳排放成本纳入系统总成本.最后,利用仿真实验验证所提模型不仅有利于降低IES总调度成本,还能降低系统的碳排放量,有效促进IES的低碳发展.
|
| [8] |
汪龙, 邱巍, 许欣宇, 等. 低碳园区综合能源系统捕碳-储能优化配置[J]. 电力工程技术, 2024, 43(6): 235-246.
|
| [9] |
于琳琳, 陈姝彧, 张凯南, 等. 考虑最低惯量需求的受端电网储能规划研究[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2024, 40(10): 149-158.
|
| [10] |
王春玲, 董萍, 可思为, 等. 应对大规模海风接入的电网侧储能两阶段选址定容随机规划方法[J]. 高电压技术, 2025, 51(4): 1696-1707.
|
| [11] |
刘春明, 王俊旺, 李瑞月, 等. 基于生产模拟的风光能源基地储能容量优化配置方法[J/OL]. 现代电力, 2024: 1-10. (2024-12-04) [2025-06-20]. https://doi.org/10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0316.
|
| [12] |
胡泽春, 蔡福霖, 冯建洲. 兼顾新能源消纳与频率电压支撑的电池储能系统优化规划[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2024, 44(7): 3-12.
|
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
江润洲, 邱晓燕, 李丹, 等. 含储能系统的多微网智能配电系统经济运行[J]. 电网技术, 2013, 37(12): 3596-3602.
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
闫东翔, 陈玥. 共享储能商业模式和定价机制研究综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(23): 178-191.
|
| [17] |
吴彪, 张少华, 王晛, 等. 基于信息间隙决策理论-分布鲁棒优化的含电-氢-热混合储能综合能源系统需求响应策略[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(3): 1030-1045.
|
| [18] |
郑圣, 谭书平, 张清周, 等. 基于负荷场景多层聚类的储能精细化规划研究[J]. 浙江电力, 2024, 43(2): 79-87.
|
| [19] |
袁昊, 刘宇航, 孙洁, 等. “双碳” 背景下新能源并网储能容量优化配置方法[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2024, 40(9): 134-140.
|
| [20] |
荀汉龙, 刘杨, 金旭冉, 等. 考虑新能源场站闲置储能的储能电站两阶段配置优化研究[J]. 浙江电力, 2024, 43(9): 49-57.
|
| [21] |
马佳伊, 刘海涛, 仲聪, 等. 计及共享储能与光伏的园区多用户综合收益优化[J]. 电力工程技术, 2024, 43(1): 60-67.
|
| [22] |
卞海红, 李灿, 童宇轩. 共享储能模式下电动汽车充电站双层优化运行策略[J]. 电力工程技术, 2024, 43(5): 170-180.
|
| [23] |
胡程平, 范明, 刘艾旺, 等. 考虑云储能的多区互联综合能源系统规划[J]. 发电技术, 2024, 45(4): 641-650.
目的 为促进储能和用户侧资源高效利用，提高清洁能源消纳水平，提出了一种考虑云储能的多区互联综合能源系统规划模型。 方法 在建立区域综合能源系统能源枢纽的基础上，提出了考虑电/热/气云储能的能源枢纽模型。针对云储能与综合能源系统分属不同投资主体的问题，考虑云储能投资回报年限约束，提出了双主体两阶段规划模型：第一阶段对网架、设备容量以及云储能使用价格进行规划；第二阶段对综合能源系统的运行策略进行优化。针对多能流网架规划复杂度高的问题，提出了基于最小生成树的预筛选算法。 结果 对某三园区综合能源系统规划的算例分析结果表明，所提模型有助于提高能效、降低碳排、提高互连综合能源系统的经济效益。 结论 研究成果揭示了云储能与多区域综合能源系统协同规划的潜力，并为多类型储能在能源领域的深度应用和商业推广提供参考。
Objectives In order to promote the efficient utilization of energy storage and user-side resources and improve the level of clean energy consumption, a multi-area interconnected integrated energy system planning model considering cloud energy storage was proposed. Methods On the basis of establishing the energy router model of the regional integrated energy system, a virtual energy router model considering electricity/heat/gas cloud energy storage was proposed. Aiming at the problem that cloud energy storage and integrated energy system belong to different investment entities, considering the limitation of the investment return period of cloud energy storage, a dual-subject two-stage planning model was proposed. In the first stage, the grid, equipment capacity and cloud energy storage price were planned. In the second stage, the operation strategy of the integrated energy system was optimized. Aiming at the high complexity of multi-energy flow grid planning, a pre-screening algorithm based on minimum spanning tree was proposed. Results The example analysis results of a three-park integrated energy system planning show that the proposed model is helpful to improve energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and improve the economic benefits of interconnected integrated energy systems. Conclusions The research reveals the potential of collaborative planning between cloud energy storage and multi-area integrated energy systems, and provides reference for the in-depth application and commercial promotion of multi-type energy storage in the energy field. |
| [24] |
闫大威, 张天宇, 李天翔, 等. 考虑静态电压稳定性的城市电网储能优化配置研究[J]. 浙江电力, 2024, 43(7): 76-85.
|
| [25] |
袁越, 苗安康, 吴涵, 等. 低碳综合能源系统研究框架与关键问题研究综述[J]. 高电压技术, 2024, 50(9): 4019-4036.
|
| [26] |
李金鸿, 刘洋, 许立雄. 计及综合需求响应的综合能源系统集群多能源精细化日前交易模型[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45(12): 83-99.
|
| [27] |
曹猛, 解超, 李凤婷, 等. 基于两阶段鲁棒的多综合能源微网-共享储能电站协同优化运行策略[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(11): 4493-4502.
|
| [28] |
郭宴秀, 苏建军, 刘洋, 等. 考虑电热交互和共享储能的多综合能源系统运行优化[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(4): 138-145.
|
| [29] |
张金良, 王朝阳, 郝宇. 考虑需求响应和共享储能的微网联盟两阶段优化调度[J]. 智慧电力, 2024, 52(7): 48-55.
|
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
伏绍鑫, 万文略, 唐翰峰, 等. 考虑碳-绿证交易及柔性需求响应的含两阶段P2G的综合能源系统优化调度[J/OL]. 现代电力, 2024: 1-13 (2024-08-26) [2025-06-20]. https://doi.org/10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0260.
|
| [32] |
崔永玲, 王成福, 牛远方, 等. 考虑综合需求响应不确定性的综合能源系统两阶段随机优化决策[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(6): 2232-2242.
|
| [33] |
杨冬锋, 申怡然, 姜超, 等. 基于区间线性规划的用户侧综合能源系统源-储配置方法[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46(6): 2064-2076.
|
| [34] |
张智泉, 陈晓杰, 符杨, 等. 含海上风电制氢的综合能源系统分布鲁棒低碳优化运行[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(1): 41-51.
|
| [35] |
张程, 匡宇, 邹复民, 等. 考虑风光不确定性与电动汽车的综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42(10): 236-244.
|
| [36] |
李欣, 陈英彰, 李涵文, 等. 考虑碳交易的电-热综合能源系统两阶段鲁棒优化低碳经济调度[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45(6): 58-69.
为有效应对可再生能源出力波动，实现综合能源系统低碳、经济、鲁棒三者平衡，提出考虑碳交易的电-热综合能源系统两阶段鲁棒优化低碳经济调度模型。首先，构建了配置碳捕获设备的综合能源系统模型。其次，采用可调不确定集合描述风电和光伏的出力波动，并以最恶劣情景下成本最小为优化目标，建立了两阶段鲁棒优化调度模型，然后利用列与约束生成算法迭代求解。最后，在调度模型中计及碳交易成本，来限制系统的电能交易以减少间接碳排放，并避免了调度方案的过度保守。结果表明，两阶段鲁棒优化有效提高了系统抵御风险的能力，减少了经济损失；碳交易机制的引入避免了系统过度鲁棒，能够维持低碳运行，实现了系统低碳、经济、鲁棒三者平衡。
This study aims to handle fluctuations in renewable energy effectively and achieve low-carbon, economic, and robust balance optimization in an integrated energy system. A two-stage robust optimization low-carbon economic dispatch model for a park-level integrated energy system that considers carbon trade was proposed. First, an integrated energy system model with carbon capture and storage was constructed. Next, the adjustable uncertainty set was used to describe the fluctuations of wind and photovoltaic output, and a two-stage robust optimization dispatch model was developed with the optimal objective of solving the minimum cost under the worst-case scenario. Subsequently, the column-and-constraint generation algorithm was employed to iteratively solve. Finally, the carbon trading cost was considered in the dispatch model, which limited electricity purchases in the system to reduce indirect carbon emissions and avoid overconservative dispatching schemes. The results show that the two-stage robust optimization method can effectively improve the ability of the system to resist risks and reduce economic loss, and the introduction of a carbon trading mechanism can prevent excessive robustness and maintain low-carbon operation. The proposed method can effectively achieve robust, economical, and low-carbon-balance optimal scheduling for the system.
|
| [37] |
周特, 薛云飞, 季节, 等. 考虑电力间接碳排放不确定性的电-冷-热综合能源系统两阶段鲁棒优化方法[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(1): 50-63.
|
| [38] |
孙惠娟, 吴鹏, 彭春华, 等. 基于源荷协同降碳的综合能源系统分布鲁棒经济调度[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(4): 1589-1603.
|
| [39] |
李浩斌, 陆信辉, 周开乐, 等. 考虑源荷不确定性的能量枢纽负荷优化调度[J]. 系统工程理论与实践, 2024, 44(7): 2227-2246.
能源互联网的快速发展使得传统的能源系统向多种能源高度耦合的综合能源系统转型, 综合能源系统有助于促进可再生能源消纳、提高能源利用效率、缓解环境污染. 能量枢纽作为综合能源系统规划和运行的重要建模工具与分析框架,自提出以来一直受到广泛的研究和关注. 针对以风能和光热为代表的可再生能源渗透综合能源系统, 本文构建由风力发电机组、热电联产设备、电转气设备和光热电站组成的能量枢纽结构, 提出源荷不确定性环境下基于分布鲁棒优化的能量枢纽两阶段负荷优化调度模型. 该模型考虑风电、光热、电负荷和热负荷的不确定性, 建立基于Wasserstein距离的不确定性分布模糊集. 模型分为日前和实时两个调度阶段, 第一阶段基于日前预测数据进行日前调度,第二阶段为抑制预测误差的影响对灵活设备进行实时调度, 以期获得最恶劣不确定性分布下的最小实时调度成本. 模型采用仿射策略实现设备出力调整, 通过强对偶理论转换为混合整数线性规划问题并求解. 仿真结果表明, 多能耦合设备可以提升系统灵活性并促进可再生能源消纳, 同时所提分布鲁棒优化算法能在系统经济性和鲁棒性中取得平衡.
|
| [40] |
李建林, 张则栋, 梁策, 等. 计及源-荷不确定性的综合能源系统多目标鲁棒优化调度[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(2): 175-185.
在新型电力系统建设下,电-热-氢多能源互联互通的综合能源系统将成为重要发展方向之一,但其全寿命周期运营经济性和能源供应可靠性受系统初始设备容量和日运行方案影响.因此,提出一种考虑源-荷不确定性的多目标两阶段鲁棒优化研究方法.建立了包含燃料电池、电解槽等装置的电-热-氢并网运行模型,采用分层拉丁超立方体抽样和Euclidean距离的场景削减方法增添源-荷不确定性因素,并采用两阶段鲁棒优化算法进行求解.算例对比分析了4类系统规定运行条件下设备投资等年值成本和典型日运行成本,验证所提方法可有效缓解源-荷不确定性对综合能源系统配置和运行规划的影响,研究成果有望为未来综合能源系统建设和运营提供新的思路.
|
| [41] |
郑诗程, 许浩, 郎佳红, 等. 计及光伏不确定性的多区域综合能源系统多场景分布鲁棒优化调度[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(3): 460-469.
|
| [42] |
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
