Active Frequency Support Control Strategy for Wind Farm Considering the Energy Discrepancy of Wind Turbines

LI Fengneng; YANG Ping; WEI Zhichu; CHEN Wenhao; ZHOU Qianyufan; WAN Siyang

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.11.013

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Electric Power Construction ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11) : 145-157. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.11.013

Renewable Energy and Energy Storage

Active Frequency Support Control Strategy for Wind Farm Considering the Energy Discrepancy of Wind Turbines

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Abstract

[Objective] Wind turbine generators generally operate in maximum power point tracking （MPPT） mode and do not provide inertial response and frequency support to the power grid. To fully utilize the frequency regulation capabilities within a wind farm， this study proposes an active frequency support control strategy for wind farms that accounts for the energy discrepancy among wind turbines.[Methods] The relationship between wind energy loss and rotor speed during the frequency regulation process was derived， and the available frequency regulation energy of wind turbines was evaluated to establish a frequency response model for a wind farm. Model predictive control （MPC） was subsequently employed to optimize the active power distribution among wind turbine generators. This strategy aims to satisfy the frequency regulation demands of the wind farm， fully utilize the frequency regulation energy of the turbines， and minimize wind energy loss during the process. Following the frequency support phase， a rotor speed recovery strategy is implemented to restore the generator speed.[Results] Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy effectively utilizes the frequency regulation energy of wind turbines within the farm to actively support system frequency， while also reducing energy loss during the frequency regulation process and mitigating secondary frequency drops during the rotor speed recovery phase.[Conclusions] The proposed strategy effectively enhances the frequency support capability of wind farms by optimizing the allocation of frequency regulation energy， reducing wind energy loss， improving the efficiency and economic performance of wind farm frequency regulation， and providing technical support for the large-scale integration of wind power.

Key words

wind farm / frequency regulation energy / wind energy loss / model predictive control（MPC） / frequency active support

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LI Fengneng , YANG Ping , WEI Zhichu , et al . Active Frequency Support Control Strategy for Wind Farm Considering the Energy Discrepancy of Wind Turbines[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025, 46(11): 145-157 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.11.013

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https://doi.org/10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23068

Abstract

目的考虑风电场中不同风况下风电机组参与一次调频能力的差异，在下垂控制和惯量控制策略的基础上，对机组的调频能力评估方法进行优化。方法提出了一种改进的多机组调频参考功率协同控制策略。结果引入多机组协同控制方法能够有效改善机组之间调频参考功率的分配，从而有效调节各机组参与系统一次调频的程度。在惯量控制和下垂控制的基础上引入改进的协同控制策略，依据机组在实际风况下运行的状态，评估机组能够有效参与一次调频的参考功率。引入调频能力系数能够实现调频功率参考值在各机组之间按能分配。结论协同控制策略能够有效保护风电机组转速，同时能够有效改善电网频率响应。

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Cited in this article [1] Abstract

Objectives Considering the difference of primary frequency regulation ability of wind turbines under different wind conditions in wind farms, the evaluation method of frequency regulation capability of wind turbines was optimized on the basis of sag control and inertia control strategy. Methods An improved multi-unit frequency modulation reference power cooperative control strategy was proposed. Results The introduction of multi-unit cooperative control method can effectively improve the distribution of frequency modulation reference power among units, thus effectively adjust the degree of each unit participating in the primary frequency regulation of the system. An improved cooperative control strategy was introduced on the basis of inertia control and sag control. According to the operation state of the unit under the actual wind condition, the reference power of the unit which can effectively participate in the primary frequency modulation was evaluated. The introduction of frequency modulation capability coefficient can realize the energy distribution of the reference value of frequency modulation power among units. Conclusions The cooperative control strategy can effectively protect the speed of wind turbine and improve the frequency response of power grid.

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