基于虚拟同步发电机的逆变器类电源频率特性及重塑技术

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.02.013

电力建设 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 109-116.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.02.013

基于虚拟同步发电机的逆变器类电源频率特性及重塑技术

董存¹, 陶以彬², 张牟发³(), 王士柏⁴, 桑丙玉², 李志军⁵, 张家安⁵

1.国家电力调度控制中心,北京市 100031
2.中国电力科学研究院有限公司,南京市 210003
3.河北工业大学人工智能与数据科学学院,天津市 300130
4.国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院,济南市 250003
5.省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(河北工业大学),天津市 300130

收稿日期:2021-10-14 出版日期:2022-02-01 发布日期:2022-03-24
通讯作者: 张牟发 E-mail:zhang_moufa@163.com
作者简介:董存(1973),男,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要研究方向为新能源发电并网运行技术;
陶以彬(1977),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为现代电力电子技术、微电网技术及电力储能技术;
王士柏(1987),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为新能源运行与调度技术、电力系统运行与控制;
桑丙玉(1983),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为新能源、分布式发电与微电网、储能规划设计与运行控制技术;
李志军(1964),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力电子应用技术、电力系统运行与控制;
张家安(1975),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为能源发电系统及其智能化。
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目“配置储能的新能源场站并网调控关键技术研究及应用”(4000-202116062A-0-0-00)

Frequency Characteristics and Reshaping Technology for Inveter-Based Generators Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator

DONG Cun¹, TAO Yibin², ZHANG Moufa³(), WANG Shibai⁴, SANG Bingyu², LI Zhijun⁵, ZHANG Jiaan⁵

1. National Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center, Beijing 100031, China
2. China Electric Power Research Institute, Nanjing 210003, China
3. School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
4. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan 250003, China
5. State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China

Received:2021-10-14 Online:2022-02-01 Published:2022-03-24
Contact: ZHANG Moufa E-mail:zhang_moufa@163.com
Supported by:
State Grid Corporation of China Research Program(4000-202116062A-0-0-00)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于微电网(microgrid,MG)内参与调频的逆变器类电源和传统同步机类电源的特性差异,会造成并列运行过渡过程品质恶化,并可能引发系统瓦解。针对这一问题,首先对两类分布式电源(distributed generator,DG)的频率特性进行了理论分析和仿真分析,明确了其频率特性差异;在此基础上,基于虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)技术和经典控制理论对逆变器类电源进行了频率特性重塑;最后对重塑后的并列运行特性进行了MATLAB仿真验证,并对重塑参数的影响进行了分析,证明了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

关键词: 分布式电源(DG), 同步发电机, 逆变器, 频率特性, 虚拟同步发电机(VSG)

Abstract:

The difference in frequency characteristics between inverter-based distributed generators (DGs) and traditional synchronous generator-based DGs involved in frequency regulation in the microgrid (MG) may cause deterioration of the transition process of parallel operation and may cause system collapse. Aiming at this problem, this paper firstly conducts theoretical analysis and simulation on the frequency characteristics of the two types of DGs, and clarifies the differences in frequency characteristics of them. On this basis, the frequency characteristics of inverter-based DGs are reshaped applying virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology and classic control theory, and the influence of reshaping parameters is analyzed. Finally, the parallel operation characteristics after reshaping are verified by MATLAB simulation, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: distributed generator(DG), synchronous generator, inverter, frequency characteristic, virtual synchronous generator(VSG)

中图分类号:

TM61

董存, 陶以彬, 张牟发, 王士柏, 桑丙玉, 李志军, 张家安. 基于虚拟同步发电机的逆变器类电源频率特性及重塑技术[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43(2): 109-116.

DONG Cun, TAO Yibin, ZHANG Moufa, WANG Shibai, SANG Bingyu, LI Zhijun, ZHANG Jiaan. Frequency Characteristics and Reshaping Technology for Inveter-Based Generators Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2022, 43(2): 109-116.

图/表 12

图1 微电网系统典型结构

Fig.1 Typical structure of microgrid system

图2 传统同步机类电源频率响应模型

Fig.2 Frequency response model of a synchronous generator-based DG

表1 模型具体参数

Table 1 Specific parameters of the model

图3 电源暂态输出功率

Fig.3 Transient output power of two generators

图4 机组由于暂态过载导致解列

Fig.4 Generator disconnection due to transient overload

图5 VSG控制框图

Fig.5 Control block diagram of VSG

图6 VSG 转子运动方程控制框图

Fig.6 Control block diagram of VSG rotor motion

图7 传统VSG控制电源输出功率

Fig.7 Output power with traditional VSG control methods

图8 改进型VSG有功-频率控制框图

Fig.8 Block diagram of active power-frequency control of improved VSG

图9 不同控制方式下暂态输出功率

Fig.9 Transient output power with different control methods

图10 J1取不同值时逆变器暂态输出功率

Fig.10 Transient output power of the inverter when J1 takes different values

图11 T1取不同值时逆变器暂态输出功率

Fig.11 Transient output power of the inverter when T1 takes different values

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基于虚拟同步发电机的逆变器类电源频率特性及重塑技术

Frequency Characteristics and Reshaping Technology for Inveter-Based Generators Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator

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