考虑电动汽车用户意愿的热电联供型微电网优化调度

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000－7229.2018.09.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 私家电动汽车（electric vehicle，EV）和分布式电源接入量的增长，给热电联供型微电网调度提出了难题。因此，在含可再生能源的热电联供型微网模型基础上，考虑用户行为意愿，根据用户选择的不同充放电行为将电动汽车分类建模。随后，建立了基于分时电价的含电动汽车的热电联供型微网系统的多目标运行优化模型，通过模糊数学方法将多目标模型转化为单目标模型。算例分析中，对构建的4种不同场景运用Yalmip/Gurobi进行优化，分析对比了各场景下的优化结果，验证了所建模型及优化结果的合理性。

关键词: 热电联供型微电网, 电动汽车（EV）, 用户意愿, 混合整数线性规划, 多目标优化

Abstract: The increasing of access number which including private electric vehicles and distributed power posed a question to microgrids with combined heat and power （CHP）. Therefore, On the basis of the microgrid model with CHP and renewable energy, considering the users intention, the electric vehicles （EVs） are modeled according to different charging and discharging behaviors selected by users. And then, a multi-objective optimization model is established including microgrids with CHP and EVs considering time of use （TOU） tariff, and it is then transformed into a single-objective model by the method of fuzzy mathematics. In the analysis of this model, four different scenes are optimized by Gurobi Solver. The rationality of model and results are verified by comparing optimization results under the four scenes.

Key words: microgrids with combined heat and power, electric vehicle（EV）, user intention, mixed integer linear programming, multi-objective optimization

中图分类号:

TM 734

孙志攀, 刘会兰，栗然，陈宇，霍启敬，郑豪东. 考虑电动汽车用户意愿的热电联供型微电网优化调度[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(9): 95-104.

SUN Zhipan, LIU Huilan, LI Ran, CHEN Yu, HUO Qijing, ZHENG Haodong. Optimal Dispatch for Microgrids with CHP Considering EV Users Intention[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(9): 95-104.

参考文献

［1］王锡凡, 邵成成, 王秀丽,等. 电动汽车充电负荷与调度控制策略综述［J］. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33（1）:1-10.

WANG Xifan, SHAO Chengcheng, WANG Xiuli, et al. Survey of electric vehicle charging load and dispatch control strategies［J］. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33（1）:1-10.

［2］赵俊华, 文福拴, 杨爱民,等. 电动汽车对电力系统的影响及其调度与控制问题［J］. 电力系统自动化, 2011, 35（14）:2-10.

ZHAO Junhua, WEN Fushuan, YANG Aimin, et al. Impacts of electric vehicles on power systems as well as the associated dispatching and control problem［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35（14）:2-10.

［3］朱永胜, 王杰, 瞿博阳,等. 含电动汽车的电力系统动态环境经济调度［J］. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36（10）:16-23.

ZHU Yongsheng, WANG Jie, QU Boyang, et al. Dynamic environmental and economic dispatch of power system with EVs［J］. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36（10）:16-23.

［4］李和明, 张祥宇, 王毅,等. 基于功率跟踪优化的双馈风力发电机组虚拟惯性控制技术［J］. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32（7）:32-39.

LI Heming, ZHANG Xiangyu, WANG Yi, et al. Virtual inertia control of DFIG-based wind turbines based on the optimal power tracking［J］. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32（7）: 32-39.

［5］鲍谚, 姜久春, 张维戈,等. 电动汽车移动储能系统模型及控制策略［J］. 电力系统自动化, 2012, 36（22）:36-43.

BAO Yan, JIANG Jiuchun, ZHANG Weige, et al. Model and control strategy of electric vehicle mobile energy storage system［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012, 36（22）:36-43.

［6］李志伟, 赵书强, 刘应梅. 电动汽车分布式储能控制策略及应用［J］. 电网技术, 2016, 40（2）:442-450.

LI Zhiwei, ZHAO Shuqiang, LIU Yingmei. Control strategy and application of distributed electric vehicle energy storage［J］. Power System Technology, 2016, 40（2）:442-450.

［7］SHINDE P, SWARUP K S. Optimal Electric Vehicle charging schedule for demand side management［C］// International Conference on Sustainable Green Buildings and Communities. Chennai, IEEE, 2017:1-6.

［8］ALUISIO B, CONSERVA A, DICORATO M, et al. Optimal operation planning of V2G-equipped Microgrid in the presence of EV aggregator［J］. Electric Power Systems Research, 2017, 152:295-305.

［9］吴红斌, 侯小凡, 赵波,等. 计及可入网电动汽车的微网系统经济调度［J］. 电力系统自动化, 2014, 38（9）:77-84.

WU Hongbin, HOU Xiaofan, ZHAO Bo, et al. Economical dispatch of microgrid considering plug-in electric vehicles［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38（9）:77-84.

［10］苏海锋, 梁志瑞. 基于峰谷电价的家用电动汽车居民小区有序充电控制方法［J］. 电力自动化设备, 2015, 35（6）:17-22.

SU Haifeng, LIANG Zhirui. Orderly charging control based on peak-valley electricity tariffs for household electric vehicles of residential quarter［J］. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2015, 35（6）:17-22.

［11］马玲玲, 杨军, 付聪,等. 电动汽车充放电对电网影响研究综述［J］. 电力系统保护与控制, 2013（3）:140-148.

MA Lingling, YANG Jun, FU Cong, et al. Review on impact of electric car charging and discharging on power grid［J］. Power System Protection and Control, 2013（3）:140-148.

［12］丁明, 史盛亮, 潘浩,等. 含电动汽车充电负荷的交直流混合微电网规划［J］. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42（1）:32-38.

DING Ming, SHI Shengliang, PAN Hao, et al. Planning of AC/DC microgrid with electric vehicles charging load integration［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42（1）:32-38.

［13］齐峰, 张华一, 文福拴,等. 计及电动汽车车主意愿的集成光热充电站优化运行策略［J］. 电力自动化设备, 2017, 37（6）:229-235.

QI Feng, ZHANG Huayi, WEN Fushuan ,et al. Optimal operating strategy considering EV owner’s willingness for CSP-based EV charging station［J］. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37（6）:229-235.

［14］张明锐, 谢青青, 李路遥，等. 考虑电动汽车能量管理的微网储能容量优化［J］. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35（18）: 4663-4673.

ZHANG Mingrui, XIE Qingqing, LI Luyao, et al. Optimal sizing of energy storage for microgrids considering energy management of electric vehicles［J］. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35（18）: 4663-4673.

［15］田立亭, 史双龙, 贾卓. 电动汽车充电功率需求的统计学建模方法［J］. 电网技术, 2010, 34（11）:126-130.

TIAN Liting, SHI Shuanglong, JIA Zhuo. A statistical model for charging power demand of electric vehicles［J］. Power System Technology, 2010, 34（11）:126-130.

［16］HAFEZ O, BHATTACHARYA K. Optimal design of electric vehicle charging stations considering various energy resources［J］. Renewable Energy, 2017, 107:576-589.

［17］张国立, 李庚银, 谢宏,等. 多目标加权模糊非线性规划［J］. 华北电力大学学报（自然科学版）, 2004, 31（1）:33-35.

ZHANG Guoli, LI Gengyin, XIE Hong, et al. Multi-objective weighted fuzzy nonlinear programming［J］. Journal of North China Electric Power University, 2004, 31（1）:33-35.

［18］TUSHAR W, YUEN C, HUANG S, et al. Cost minimization of charging stations with photovoltaics: an approach with EV classification［J］. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2015, 17（1）:156-169.

[1]	檀勤良, 丁毅宏, 李渝, 李锐. 考虑经济环境平衡的风光火联合外送调度策略多目标优化[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(8): 129-136.
[2]	方朝雄，吴晓升，江岳文. 考虑暂态稳定性的网储多目标双层优化[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(7): 58-66.
[3]	魏震波，任小林，黄宇涵. 考虑综合需求侧响应的区域综合能源系统多目标优化调度[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(7): 92-99.
[4]	杨蕾，吴琛，黄伟，郭成，向川，何鑫，邢超，奚鑫泽，周鑫，杨博，张孝顺. 含高比例风光新能源电网的多目标无功优化算法[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(7): 100-109.
[5]	谭忠富，谭彩霞，蒲雷，杨佳澄. 基于协同免疫量子粒子群优化算法的虚拟电厂双层博弈模型[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(6): 9-17.
[6]	沈青文，程若发，付鑫. 一种计及脆弱性指标的分布式电源优化配置方法[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(3): 54-61.
[7]	张军六，樊伟，谭忠富，鞠立伟，德格吉日夫，杨莘博，孙婧霞. 计及需求响应的气电互联虚拟电厂多目标调度优化模型[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(2): 1-10.
[8]	钱科军，秦萌，宋远军，周振凯，刘乙，谢鹰，陈丽娟. 基于模糊隶属度的充电站多目标优化调度[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(2): 118-124.
[9]	王上行，贾学翠，王立华，闫士杰，李相俊. 混合储能系统的功率变换器电流预测控制方法[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(1): 71-79.
[10]	孙充勃，宋毅，蔡超，原凯，杨雄. 考虑多场景需求的配电网分布式储能多目标优化配置方法[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(7): 48-56.
[11]	孙雨潇，朱俊澎，袁越. 基于动态孤岛混合整数线性规划模型的主动配电网可靠性分析[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(5): 90-97.
[12]	潘益，郑建勇，韩文军，张苏，马天. 考虑特高压直流馈入的受端输电网架优化方法[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(4): 1-8.
[13]	王辉，廖昆，林艺璇，金彬斌. 需求响应下含微电网配电侧市场多目标出清模型[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(2): 29-36.
[14]	杨智超，孙磊，丁明. 计及关键恢复路径的机组启动次序优化策略[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(10): 28-35.
[15]	程瑜，王望. 产消型智能社区储能系统配置与运行联合优化[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(10): 118-125.