考虑成本与收益摊配的电力需求响应博弈模型

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.06.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着综合能源系统的发展,需求响应技术作为释放系统潜力的重要手段受到了越来越广泛的关注。文章提出了一种综合能源系统中的电力需求响应机制。首先,针对电力需求响应过程中存在的3个主体:电力系统运营商(grid operator,GO)、电力需求响应聚合商(electric response coordinator,ERC)、综合能源用户(integrated energy user,IEU)提出了一种交易架构;其次,以各主体运行经济性最优,基于博弈论构建了三主体交易模型;而后,提出了由于GO参与电力需求响应带来的可靠性提升等价经济收益在GO和ERC之间的收益分配方法,以及IEU参与电力需求响应带来的用电满意度下降等价经济成本在IEU和ERC间的成本分摊方法;最后,基于目标分析级联法(analytical target cascading, ATC)原理和NSGA算法对所提出的模型进行优化和求解,通过算例仿真证明了模型的有效性和合理性。

关键词: 综合能源系统, 多主体, 交易机制, 多能优化

Abstract:

With the development of integrated energy system (IES), electric demand response has received widespread concentration as a method for releasing the potential of distribution network (DN). This paper proposes an EDR mechanism under IES. Firstly, a transaction framework is proposed for three stakeholders in the EDR: grid operator (GO), electric response coordinator (ERC), and integrated energy user (IEU). Then, in order to maximize the reliability improvement benefit of the DN, maximize the economic benefit for ERC, maximize IEU satisfaction and minimize the cost of energy consumption, a tri-stakeholder transaction model based on game theory is founded. Next, a benefit sharing means of equaling economic benefit from reliability improvement between GO and ERCs, and a cost allocation of equaling economic cost from electricity consumption decline between ERC and IEUs is established, which is caused by GO and IEUs participation in EDR. Finally, a method of optimization and solution for the proposed model based on the ACT theory and NSGA algorithm is presented, and case simulation demonstrates the validity and reasonableness of the proposed model.

Key words: integrated energy system, multi-stakeholder, trade mechanism, multi-energy optimization

中图分类号:

TM71

吴英俊, 刘成骏, 林智威, 施展宇, 李琥, 吴晨. 考虑成本与收益摊配的电力需求响应博弈模型[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(6): 135-144.

WU Yingjun, LIU Chengjun, LIN Zhiwei, SHI Zhanyu, LI Hu, WU Chen. Game Model of Electric Demand Response Considering Benefit Sharing and Cost Allocation[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(6): 135-144.

图/表 11

图1 三主体电力需求响应交易架构

Fig.1 The framework for electric response transaction among 3 stakeholders

图2 不同用户用电满意度下降造成的成本

Fig.2 Cost of declined electricity consumer satisfaction

图3 基于NSGA的求解流程

Fig.3 Flow chart of method based on NSGA

图4 IEEE 33节点配电网系统

Fig.4 Modified IEEE 33-node DN

图5 不同类型负荷功率和光伏出力曲线

Fig.5 Curves of different loads and PV generation

表1 各能源价格设置

Table 1 Prices of energies

图6 3个ERC响应容量对比

Fig.6 The electric DR volume of 3 ERCs

图7 不同ERC管理节点响应情况

Fig.7 The electric DR condition of different ERC

图8 节点24的优化购能结果

Fig.8 The energy purchase result of node 24 after optimization by the proposed model

图9 收益分配系数α对交易的影响

Fig.9 The influence of α on transaction

图10 收益分配系数β对交易的影响

Fig.10 The influence of β on transaction

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