换流站交流出线方式对换流变空投的影响

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.09.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,输电网中电缆线路占比增加,电缆线路由于其电抗小、对地电容大可能会影响换流站与交流电网的谐振特性。为了分析换流站交流出线方式对换流变空投的影响,分析了换流变空投时励磁涌流和铁磁谐振现象,建立了架空线路和电缆线路2种换流站交流出线方式。以我国典型±500 kV直流工程换流变为例,利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真研究了换流站不同出线方式、电缆线路占比及断路器合闸电阻对励磁涌流和铁磁谐振的影响,并提出了相应建议。结果表明:不同出线方式对励磁涌流影响并不显著;在电缆线路出线方式下更易发生铁磁谐振,且电缆占比越高,铁磁谐振发生概率越高;断路器合闸电阻对励磁涌流和铁磁谐振均能有效抑制。

关键词: 高压直流输电, 换流变, 空投, 励磁涌流, 铁磁谐振

Abstract:

In recent years, the proportion of cable lines in the transmission grid has increased. It may have impact on the resonance characteristics between the converter station and the transmission grid. In order to analyze the effect of the AC outlet mode of converter station on energizing the no-load converter transformer, the phenomenon of inrush current and ferromagnetic resonance is introduced, and different AC outlet modes with overhead lines and cables are established. Taking typical ± 500 kV DC project in China as an example, by means of the PSCAD/EMTDC, the influence of inrush current and ferromagnetic resonance caused by different outlet modes, the ratio of the cable in total lines and the closing resistance of the breaker are analyzed. Results show that different outlet modes have no significant effect on the inrush current, but the cable outlet mode is more likely to cause ferromagnetic resonance, and the higher the cable ratio is, the easier the ferromagnetic resonance occurs. Meanwhile, the suppression effect of closing resistance on inrush current and ferromagnetic resonance is verified.

Key words: HVDC, converter transformer, no-load energize, inrush current, ferromagnetic resonance

中图分类号:

TM406

王彤彤, 文俊, 靳海强, 韩民晓. 换流站交流出线方式对换流变空投的影响[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(9): 112-119.

WANG Tongtong, WEN Jun, JIN Haiqiang, HAN Minxiao. Influence of AC Outlet Mode of Converter Station on Energizing No-Load Converter Transformer[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(9): 112-119.

图/表 12

图1 单极直流换流变空投示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of no-load transformer closing of single-pole DC converter

图2 换流变空投时的等值电路

Fig.2 Equivalent circuit of no-load closing of the converter transformer

图3 合闸后的磁通波形(不计暂态磁通衰减)

Fig.3 Flux waveform after closing (excluding transient magnetic flux attenuation)

图4 换流变铁芯磁化特性曲线

Fig.4 Magnetization curve of Converter transformer core

图5 并联铁磁谐振说明

Fig.5 Parallel ferromagnetic resonance

表1 换流变基本参数

Table 1 Basic parameters of converter transformer

图6 换流变空载励磁特性曲线

Fig.6 Excitation characteristic curve of converter transformer

表2 励磁涌流仿真结果

Table 2 Results of inrush current

图7 M1(σ=0)且不计Rs时的励磁涌流波形

Fig.7 Inrush current waveform excluding Rs at M1(σ=0)

图8 M2(σ=0.8)铁磁谐振电压电流波形(无合闸电阻)

Fig.8 Voltage and current waveform during ferromagnetic resonance without closing resistance at M2 (σ = 0.8)

表3 铁磁谐振仿真结果(无合闸电阻)

Table 3 Simulation results of ferromagnetic resonance(without closing resistance)

图9 M2(σ=0.8)换流母线电压电流波形(投入合闸电阻)

Fig.9 Converter bus voltage and current waveform with closing resistance at M2 (σ = 0.8)

参考文献 16

[1]	陶瑜. 直流输电控制保护系统分析及应用[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2015.
[2]	张瑞, 甘战, 张鹏, 等. 换流变压器空载励磁涌流选相关合控制策略[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2019, 47(15):69-77.
	ZHANG Rui, GAN Zhan, ZHANG Peng, et al. Controlled switching strategies to eliminate the inrush current of converter transformer[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2019, 47(15):69-77.
[3]	常勇. 500 kV高岭换流站换流变空载充电励磁涌流分析[J]. 电网技术, 2009, 33(1):97-100.
	CHANG Yong. Analysis on energizing inrush current of no-load converter transformer in 500 kV Gaoling back-to-back converter station[J]. Power System Technology, 2009, 33(1):97-100.
[4]	贾静然, 段晓波, 卢锦玲, 等. 变压器的谐波传递特性研究[J]. 中国电力, 2017, 50(1):92-96, 157.
	JIA Jingran, DUAN Xiaobo, LU Jinling, et al. Research on harmonic transfer characteristics of transformer[J]. Electric Power, 2017, 50(1):92-96, 157.
[5]	李锴, 严豪杰, 张海涛, 等. 基于谐波叠加原理的变压器模型研究[J]. 变压器, 2017, 54(3):26-31.
	LI Kai, YAN Haojie, ZHANG Haitao, et al. Research on transformer model based on principle of harmonic superposition[J]. Transformer, 2017, 54(3):26-31.
[6]	傅伟, 赵莉华, 梁勇, 等. 多台变压器空载合闸励磁涌流及其抑制方案的研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015, 43(1):28-33.
	FU Wei, ZHAO Lihua, LIANG Yong, et al. Study on no-load closing inrush current of transformer group and suppression measures[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015, 43(1):28-33.
[7]	滕文涛. 大容量交流变压器励磁涌流及其抑制措施研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2017.
	TENG Wentao. Research on the magnetizing inrush current and its suppression of large capacity AC transformer[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2017.
[8]	李晓华, 张冬怡, 吴立珠, 等. 换流变压器励磁涌流的特殊性分析[J]. 电网技术, 2017, 41(12):3869-3875.
	LI Xiaohua, ZHANG Dongyi, WU Lizhu, et al. Particularity analysis of converter transformer inrush current[J]. Power System Technology, 2017, 41(12):3869-3875.
[9]	杨通贇, 李晓华, 戴扬宇, 等. 换流变励磁涌流特性分析及其抑制[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2017, 33(1):64-70, 78.
	YANG Tongyun, LI Xiaohua, DAI Yangyu, et al. Analysis on magnetizing inrush current characteristic of converter transformer and its suppression[J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2017, 33(1):64-70, 78.
[10]	张冬怡. 换流变压器空载合闸涌流特性及抑制方法研究[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2018.
	ZHANG Dongyi. Characteristic and suppression of converter transformer inrush current[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2018.
[11]	卫鹏, 周前, 朱鑫要, 等. 特高压交直流耦合电网主变充电对特高压直流运行影响研究[J]. 高压电器, 2019, 55(1):8-14.
	WEI Peng, ZHOU Qian, ZHU Xinyao, et al. Study on the influence of transformer charging on UHVDC operation in UHVAC and UHVDC coupled power grid[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2019, 55(1):8-14.
[12]	郝耀华, 曹斌, 王伟, 等. 基于PSCAD/EMTDC下串联补偿电容对铁磁谐振过电压影响的仿真与应用[J]. 高压电器, 2019, 55(12):205-210.
	HAO Yaohua, CAO Bin, WANG Wei, et al. Simulation and application of the influence of series compensation capacitor on ferroresonance overvoltage based on PSCAD/EMTDC[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2019, 55(12):205-210.
[13]	曹斌, 张鹏, 陈波, 等. 基于PSCAD的500 kV自耦变压器铁磁谐振过电压仿真[J]. 高压电器, 2015, 51(12):155-161.
	CAO Bin, ZHANG Peng, CHEN Bo, et al. Simulation of ferroresonance overvoltage caused by commissioning 500 kV auto-transformer based on the PSCAD[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2015, 51(12):155-161.
[14]	王春江. 电力电缆手册[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2014.
[15]	耿晓红, 文俊, 谈萌, 等. 高电缆化率对直流受端输电网谐波传递特性的影响[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(1):106-113.
	GENG Xiaohong, WEN Jun, TAN Meng, et al. Impact of high cable rate on harmonic transfer characteristics of transmission power grid at HVDC receiving-end[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2020, 41(1):106-113.
[16]	王晓彤, 项祖涛, 班连庚, 等. 500 kV电缆线路工频参数的计算与分析[J]. 电网技术, 2013, 37(8):2310-2315.
	WANG Xiaotong, XIANG Zutao, BAN Liangeng, et al. Calculation and analysis on power-frequency parameters for 500 kV cable lines[J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(8):2310-2315.