Abstract: To improve the utilization of photovoltaic （PV）, it is necessary to analysis the best operation modes of PV power systems collocating with or without energy storage batteries for the residential users and enterprise users. This paper establishes the cost-benefit analysis models for residential and enterprise users in four modes respectively: there is no PV power generation; PV electricity is all sold to the grid; power generated is for its own use first and surplus PV electricity is sold to the grid with and without energy storage batteries. And then, this paper analyzes the economic performance of the system under different operation modes. The results show that the more capacity of PV power system without energy storage, the higher the users profit; and the mode of power generated for its own use first and surplus PV power sold to the grid without battery gets the highest profit among the four modes. This paper studies the economy of 6 kinds of energy storage batteries in distributed PV/energy storage battery system for the PV power generation system with energy storage. The results show that it is less economical that PV power systems collocating with energy storage batteries for residential users while its economy has improved for enterprise users. With the cost reduction of energy storage battery, it has better application prospect that enterprise users collocating with hybrid systems containing distributed PV power and battery stored energy, in which the aqueous Na-ion battery has the highest economy. The research results can provide theoretical basis for the residential and enterprise users choice of the operation modes of PV power generation system.

Key words: photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, operation modes, economic analysis, residential users, enterprise users