计及信誉值和电气距离的分布式电能交易区块链模型

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多微电网间分布式交易可促进新能源的消纳,提高配电网运行的安全性。然而其个体趋利性强和出力不确定性等问题可能使交易主体发生严重违约行为,影响分布式电能交易的经济性。因此,提出计及信誉值和电气距离的多微电网分布式电能交易区块链模型。首先,针对分布式电能交易中存在的违约行为,提出基于合约完成率的信誉值评估模型,并结合其报价信息调整购售电主体的交易次序。其次,为促进交易主体选择就近交易和提高交易效率,在智能合约中设计了计及电气距离的交易撮合机制,并提出根据市场进程和自身信誉情况的报价更新策略。再次,为实现配电网运行的安全性,在交易撮合过程中引入了实时动态网络安全校核方法。最后,基于Matlab和IDE-Remix平台对智能合约进行仿真分析,算例结果证明了所提分布式交易机制的合理性和有效性。

关键词: 区块链技术, 多微电网, 分布式交易, 信誉值, 电气距离

Abstract:

Distributed transactions between multiple microgrids can promote the consumption of new energy and improve the safety of distribution network operation. Nevertheless, the problems such as strong individual profit-seeking and output uncertainty may cause serious breaches of contract and affect the economics of distributed transactions. Therefore, this paper puts forward a distributed energy transaction blockchain model considering reputation value and electrical distance. Firstly, the reputation value evaluation model based on the historical contract completion rate is proposed, and the transaction order of buyers and sellers is adjusted according to the quotation and reputation value. Secondly, in order to promote transaction subjects to choose nearby transactions and improve transaction efficiency, a transaction matching mechanism based on electrical distance is designed in smart contracts. And an adaptive quotation update strategy based on market progress and its own reputation are proposed. Thirdly, a real-time dynamic network security checking method is introduced to realize the safety of distribution network operation. Finally, the smart contract is simulated and analyzed with Matlab and IDE-Remix platform, and the results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed distributed transaction mechanism.

Key words: blockchain, multi-microgrid, distributed transaction, reputation value, electrical distance

中图分类号:

TM73

李振伟, 刘洋, 许立雄, 朱廷虎, 刘任. 计及信誉值和电气距离的分布式电能交易区块链模型[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44(2): 132-144.

LI Zhenwei, LIU Yang, XU Lixiong, ZHU Tinghu, LIU Ren. Distributed Energy Transaction Blockchain Model Considering Reputation Value and Electrical Distance[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2023, 44(2): 132-144.

图/表 17

图1 多微电网分布式电能交易框架

Fig.1 Multi-microgrid distributed energy transaction framework

图2 交易调序机制示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of transaction ordering mechanism

表1 电气距离计算过程

Table 1 The process of electrical distance calculation

表2 动态网络安全校核过程

Table 2 The process of dynamic network security check

图3 智能合约的执行流程

Fig.3 The operation process of smart contract

图4 IEEE 33节点结构图

Fig.4 Structure diagram IEEE 33-node system

图5 计及电气距离的交易匹配结果

Fig.5 Transaction matching results considering electrical distance

图6 未计及电气距离的交易匹配结果

Fig.6 Transaction matching results without considering electrical distance

图7 交易费用对比

Fig.7 Comparison of transaction cost

图8 基于信誉值的调序结果

Fig.8 Reordering results based on reputation value

图9 购售电主体收益对比

Fig.9 Comparison of benefit improvement rate

图10 交易主体成交价格

Fig.10 Users' transaction price

图11 报价更新策略对比

Fig.11 Comparison of quote update mechanism

图12 支路潮流情况

Fig.12 Occupancy ratios of branch flow

图A1 智能合约部署界面

Fig.A1 Deployment interface of smart contracts

表A1 各微电网申报信息

Table A1 Declaration information of each microgrid

表A2 售电主体交易结算信息

Table A2 Settlement results of market entities in trading

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