超导磁储能系统发展现状与展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000－7229.2016.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超导磁储能（superconducting magnetic energy storage，SMES）技术具有响应时间快、功率密度高、生命周期长等特点，在电网电压质量调节、频率控制、脉冲负载供电等方面具有重要的应用价值，被列为《能源技术革命创新行动计划（2016—2030）》之先进储能技术的主要突破方向。介绍了SMES的系统组成原理和系统先进性，概述了SMES在电力系统、舰船供电等场景的应用，综述了SMES近期有代表性的大型项目和研究状态，并从特性互补、提高性能的角度讨论了2种与氢电池和电化学电池组合使用的SMES混合系统。最后，指出了SMES发展和大规模应用所面临的几点挑战，并给出了相应的应对策略。

关键词: 超导磁储能, 混合储能, 研究进展, 前景展望

Abstract: Superconducting magnetic energy storage system （SMES） has the merits of quick response, high power density, and long life-time cycle, etc Its has important applications in voltage quality control, frequency regulation, load balance and pulse power supply. SMES is listed as one of the major breakthrough directions of advance energy storage technology in “Innovative Action Plan for Energy Technology Revolution （2016-2030）”. This paper introduces the system structure of SMES and its advancement, sums up the application in the scenarios suitable for the characteristics of SMES such as power system and ship power supply, reviews the representative large-scale projects and research status of SMES, and discusses two classes of hybrid energy storage systems combined with hydrogen or electrochemical cells focusing on complementation and performance enhancement. Finally, this paper points out some challenges for the development and large-scale application of SMES, as well as the corresponding measures.

Key words: superconducting magnetic energy storage （SMES）, hybrid energy storage, research progress, prospect

中图分类号:

TM 916

戴少涛，王邦柱，马韬. 超导磁储能系统发展现状与展望[J]. 电力建设, 2016, 37(8): 18-23.

DAI Shaotao, WANG Bangzhu, MA Tao. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage System: Status and Prospect[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(8): 18-23.

参考文献

［1］骆妮, 李建林. 储能技术在电力系统中的研究进展［J］. 电网与清洁能源, 2012, 28（2）: 71-79. LUO Ni, LI Jianlin. Research progress of energy storage technology in power system ［J］. Power System and Clean Energy, 2012, 28（2）: 71-79 ［2］FARHADI M, MOHAMMED O. Energy storage technologies for high-power applications ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2016, 52（3）: 1953-1961. ［3］中国化学与物理电源行业协会储能应用分会, 中国储能应用产业研究报告（2016年）［R］. 2016. ［4］LUO X, WANG J, DOONER M, et al. Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation ［J］. Applied Energy, 2015, 137: 511-536. ［5］MILES J, MILLS R G. Observation of persistent current in a superconducting solenoid ［J］. Physical Review Letters, 1963,10（3）: 93-96. ［6］BIDADFAR A, ABEDI M, KARARI M, et al. Power swings damping improvement by control of upfc and smes based on direct lyapunov method application［C］//Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE power and energy society general meeting—conversion and delivery of electrical energy in the 21st century. Pittsburgh: IEEE, 2008:1-7. ［7］ALI M H, WU B, DOUGAL R A. An overview of SMES applications in power and energy systems ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2010, 1（1）: 38-47. ［8］SEO H R, KIM A R, PARK M, et al. Power quality enhancement of renewable energy source power network using smes system ［J］. Physica C: Superconductivity, 2011, 471（21–22）: 1409-1412. ［9］LIU Y, TANG Y, SHI J, et al. Application of small-sized SMES in an EV charging station with DC bus and PV system ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2015, 25（3）: 1-6. ［10］SINGH S, JOSHI H, CHANANA S, et al. Impact of superconducting magnetic energy storage on frequency stability of an isolated hybrid power system［C］//Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development （Indiacom）. New Delhi: IEEE, 2014: 141-145. ［11］戴陶珍, 范则阳, 李敬东，等. 超导磁储能系统在舰船电力系统中的应用前景及其关键课题［J］. 中国工程科学, 2002, 4（6）: 16-19. DAI Taozhen, FAN Zeyang, LI Jingdong, et al. Prospects and key points for applying SMES to electric power system in ships ［J］. Engineering Science, 2002, 4（6）: 16-19. ［12］GUPTA R, ANERELLA M, JOSHI P, et al. Design, construction, and testing of a large-aperture high-field HTS SMES coil ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26（4）: 1-8. ［13］ZHU J, YUAN W, QIU M, et al. Experimental demonstration and application planning of high temperature superconducting energy storage system for renewable power grids ［J］. Applied Energy, 2015, 137: 692-698. ［14］HOLLA R V. Energy storage methods— superconducting magnetic energy storage: a review ［J］. Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2015, 5（1）: 49-54 ［15］GONG K, SHI J, LIU Y, et al. Application of SMES in the microgrid based on fuzzy control ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26（3）: 1-5. ［16］INDIRA G, UMAMAHESWARARAO T, CHANDRAMOHAN S. Enhancing the design of a superconducting coil for magnetic energy storage systems ［J］. Physica C: Superconductivity and Its Applications, 2015, 508: 69-74. ［17］LALITHA S L, GUPTA R C. The mechanical design optimization of a high field HTS solenoid ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2015, 25（3）: 1-4. ［18］XU Y, TANG Y, REN L, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental validation of a cooling process in a 150-kJ SMES magnet ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26（6）: 1-7. ［19］TIXADOR P. Superconducting magnetic energy storage: status and perspective ［J］. IEEE/CSC & ESAS European Superconductivity News Forum, 2008, 3: 1-14 ［20］FERREIRA H L, GARDE R, FULLI G, et al. Characterisation of electrical energy storage technologies ［J］. Energy, 2013, 53: 288-298. ［21］REN L, TANG Y, SHI J, et al. Techno-economic evaluation of hybrid energy storage technologies for a solar-wind generation system ［J］. Physica C: Superconductivity, 2013, 484: 272-275. ［22］ZHANG Z, MIYAJIMA R, SATO Y, et al. Characteristics of compensation for fluctuating output power of a solar power generator in a hybrid energy storage system using a bi2223 SMES coil cooled by thermosiphon with liquid hydrogen ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26（4）: 1-5. ［23］SANDER M, GEHRING R. LIQHYSMES: a novel energy storage concept for variable renewable energy sources using hydrogen and SMES ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2011, 21（3）: 1362-1366. ［24］MORANDI A, TREVISANI L, NEGRINI F, et al. Feasibility of superconducting magnetic energy storage on board of ground vehicles with present state-of-the-art superconductors ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2012, 22（2）: 5700106-5700106. ［25］LI J, GEE A M, ZHANG M, et al. Analysis of battery lifetime extension in a smes-battery hybrid energy storage system using a novel battery lifetime model ［J］. Energy, 2015, 86: 175-185. ［26］ISE T, KITA M, TAGUCHI A. A hybrid energy storage with a SMES and secondary battery ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2005, 15（2）: 1915-1918. ［27］LI J, ZHANG M, YANG Q, et al. SMES/battery hybrid energy storage system for electric buses ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26（4）: 1-5.

[1]	陈景文，张文倩，李霞. 户用型光储电站混合电池充放电控制策略研究[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(2): 101-1078.
[2]	王上行，贾学翠，王立华，闫士杰，李相俊. 混合储能系统的功率变换器电流预测控制方法[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(1): 71-79.
[3]	李泓青，周建萍，茅大钧，李欣煜，胡成奕，邓玉君. 混合储能系统二次功率分配及交互控制策略在直流微网中的应用[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(5): 13-19.
[4]	钟国彬，吴涛，曾杰，谢开贵，王超，胡博. 基于离散傅里叶变换的主动配电网混合储能容量优化配置[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(8): 85-93.
[5]	李大勇1，都明亮2，田春光2，韩晓娟3. 基于总体平均经验模态分解的混合储能系统协调优化控制[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(4): 83-.
[6]	张宸宇1，袁晓冬1，缪惠宇2，郑建勇2，杨赟2，陈虹妃2. 一种虚拟同步机直流侧混合储能系统控制策略[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(4): 113-.
[7]	朱雨薇，吕林，刘友波, 周春燕，张永清. 基于动态小波分解的混合储能系统平滑控制策略[J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(9): 111-.
[8]	杨凯迪，居荣，窦晓波，袁晓冬，陈峰，江水明. 混合储能的鲁棒控制方法 [J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(9): 120-.
[9]	李星雨，邱晓燕，赵劲帅, 王跃，陈科彬 . 基于极点对称模态分解和需求响应的风电消纳策略 [J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(7): 51-.
[10]	王跃，吕林，李星雨，宁世超，廖秋萍. 基于极点对称模态分解的混合储能系统容量配置 [J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(6): 116-.
[11]	倪伟，吕林,李婷，胥威汀，刘俊勇，许立雄. 考虑电热混合储能与重构联合优化的配电网风电消纳策略[J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(12): 112-.
[12]	李阿勇. 基于两级式变流器混合储能系统的应用[J]. 电力建设, 2016, 37(8): 58-.
[13]	王宁，张建成. 基于能量协调控制的混合储能系统容量配置方法[J]. 电力建设, 2016, 37(8): 72-.
[14]	孙充勃，吕振宇，宋毅，焦阳. 基于混合储能互补的自适应光伏功率平抑策略[J]. 电力建设, 2016, 37(8): 108-.
[15]	谢兼达，邱晓燕，任立，刘波. 计及直流配电效益的混合储能系统容量配置模型[J]. 电力建设, 2016, 37(5): 28-33.