Optimal Selection of Electrical Connecting Nodes of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Distribution Systems

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000－7229.2017.01.001

Abstract

Abstract: The optimal sitting and sizing problem of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations has been studied in many existing publications for achieving spatially coordinated distributions of EV charging loads as well as other objectives. However, the determination of electrical connecting nodes of EV charging stations in a distribution system has not yet been investigated, and is the subject of this paper with the impacts on power flow considered. First, the distributions of initial charging states and starting charging time points of EVs are attained based on the fitting results of traveling statistics, and a probability model for describing EV charging loads is established and then solved by Monte Carlo simulations with demonstration of actual data of electric taxis in Shenzhen. Then, based on the percentages of bus voltage deviations and branch loss increments, a comprehensive evaluation index is employed for assessing the impacts of EV charging stations on power flow in the distribution system concerned, and the electrical connecting points of EV charging stations in the distribution system are then optimally determined. Finally, a modified version of the IEEE 33-node distribution system is served for demonstrating the proposed method.

Key words: distribution system, electric vehicle（EV）, charging station, electrical connecting node, impacts on power flow

CLC Number:

GUO Jianlong, WEN Fushuan, YUAN Jun, LYU Haohua, YU Zheren. Optimal Selection of Electrical Connecting Nodes of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Distribution Systems[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(1): 1-.

References

［1］赵俊华，文福拴，杨爱民，等．电动汽车对电力系统的影响及其调度与控制问题［J］．电力系统自动化，2011，35(14)：2-10．

ZHAO Junhua，WEN Fushuan，YANG Aimin，et al．Impacts of electric vehicles on power systems as well as the associated dispatching and control problem ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2011，35(14)：2-10．

［2］赵俊华，文福拴，薛禹胜，等．计及电动汽车和风电出力不确定性的随机经济调度［J］．电力系统自动化，2010，34(20)：22-29．

ZHAO Junhua，WEN Fushuan，XUE Yusheng，et al．Power system stochastic economic dispatch considering uncertain outputs from plug-in electric vehicles and wind generators ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2010，34(20)：22-29．

［3］杨俊，文福拴，汪震，等．电动汽车与电力系统的交互作用［J］．电力建设，2015，36(7)：14-24．

YANG Jun，WEN Fushuan，WANG Zhen，et al．Interactions between electric vehicles and power systems［J］．Electric Power Construction，2015，36(7)：14-24．

［4］杨俊，廖斌杰，王小蕾，等．基于分区需求系数的电动汽车充电设施选址定容方法［J］．电力建设，2015，36(7)：52-60．

YANG Jun，LIAO Binjie，WANG Xiaolei，et al．Siting and sizing of charging facilities of electric vehicles based on geographical zonal charging demand coefficients［J］．Electric Power Construction，2015，36(7)：52-60．

［5］王小蕾，姚伟锋，文福拴，等．电动汽车有序充电管理的综合效益分析［J］．电力建设，2015，36(7)：194-201．

WANG Xiaolei，YAO Weifeng，WEN Fushuan，et al．Comprehensive benefit analysis for coordinated charging management of electric vehicles［J］．Electric Power Construction，2015，36(7)：194-201．

［6］QIAN K，ZHOU C，ALLAN M，et al．Modeling of load demand due to EV battery charging in distribution systems ［J］．IEEE Transactions on Power Systems，2011，26(2)：802-810．

［7］杨波，陈卫，文明浩，等．电动汽车充电站的概率负荷建模［J］．电力系统自动化，2014，38(16)：67-73．

YANG Bo，CHEN Wei，WEN Minghao，et al．Probabilistic load modeling of electric vehicle charging stations ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2014，38(16)：67-73．

［8］徐立中，杨光亚，许昭，等．电动汽车充电负荷对丹麦配电系统的影响［J］．电力系统自动化，2011，35(14)：18-23．

XU Lizhong，YANG Guangya，XU Zhao，et al．Impacts of electric vehicle charging on distribution networks in Denmark ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2011，35(14)：18-23．

［9］罗卓伟，胡泽春，宋永华，等．电动汽车充电负荷计算方法［J］．电力系统自动化，2011，35(14)：36-42．

LUO Zhuowei，HU Zechun，SONG Yonghua，et al．Study on plug-in electric vehicles charging load calculating ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2011，35(14)：36-42．

［10］KOYANAGI F，INUZUKA T，YOKOYAMA R，et al．Monte Carlo simulation on the demand impact by quick chargers for electric vehicles［C］//Proceedings of 1999 IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting．Edmonton，USA：IEEE，1999：1031-1036．

［11］李亚芬，黄梅，张维戈．电动出租车日充电负荷估算方法［J］．电力系统自动化，2014，38(10)：55-60．

LI Yafen，HUANG Mei，ZHANG Weige．An estimation method for daily charging load of electric taxis ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2014，38(10)：55-60．

［12］TAYLOR J，MAITRA A，ALEXANDER M，et al．Evaluations of plug-in electric vehicle distribution system impacts［C］// Proceedings of 2010 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting，Minneapolis，USA：IEEE，2010：1-6．

［13］黄梅，黄少芳．电动汽车充电站谐波的工程计算方法［J］．电网技术，2008，32(20)：20-23．

HUANG Mei，HUANG Shaofang．A harmonic engineering calculation method for electric vehicle charging station ［J］．Power System Technology，2008，32(20)：20-23．

［14］CLEMENT N K，HAESEN E，DRIESEN J．The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid ［J］．IEEE Transactions on Power Systems，2010，25(1)：371-380．

［15］杨冰，王丽芳，廖承林，等．分布式电动汽车有序充电控制系统模型［J］．电力系统自动化，2015，39(20)：41-46．

YANG Bing，WANG Lifang，LIAO Chenglin，et al．Distributed coordinated charging control system model for large-scale electric vehicle ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2015，39(20)：41-46．

［16］贾龙，胡泽春，宋永华，等．高速路网上电动汽车充电站布点优化［J］．电力系统自动化，2015，39(15)：82-89．

JIA Long，HU Zechun，SONG Yonghua，et al．Planning of electric vehicle charging stations in highway network ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2015，39(15)：82-89．

［17］李洪美，崔翰韬，万秋兰．考虑电动汽车充电策略的配网重构二阶锥规划模型［J］．中国电机工程学报，2015，35(18)：4674-4681．

LI Hongmei，CUI Hantao，WAN Qiulan．Distribution network reconfiguration based on second-order conic programming considering EV charging strategy ［J］．Proceedings of the CSEE，2015，35(18)：4674-4681．

［18］任玉珑，史乐峰，张谦，等．电动汽车充电站最优分布和规模研究［J］．电力系统自动化，2011，35(14)：53-57．

REN Yulong，SHI Lefeng，ZHANG Qian，et al．Optimal distribution and scale of charging stations for electric vehicles ［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2011，35(14)：53-57．

［19］WANG Hengsong，HUANG Qi，ZHANG Changhua，et al．A novel approach for the layout of electric vehicle charging station［C］//Proceedings of 2010 International Conference on Apperceiving Computing and Intelligence Analysis．Chengdu，China：IEEE，2010：64-70．

［20］IP A，FONG S，LIU E．Optimization for allocating BEV recharging stations in urban areas by using hierarchical clustering［C］//Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advanced Information Management and Service．Seoul，Korea：IEEE，2010：460-465．

［21］GE Shaoyun，FENG Liang，LIU Hong．The planning of electric vehicle charging station based on grid partition method［C］//2011 International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering，Yichang，China：IEEE，2011：2726-2730．

［22］唐现刚，刘俊勇，刘友波，等．基于计算几何方法的电动汽车充电站规划［J］．电力系统自动化，2012，36(8)：24-30．

TANG Xiangang，LIU Junyong，LIU Youbo，et al．Electric vehicle charging station planning based on computational geometry method［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2012，36(8)：24-30．

［23］刘伟佳，孙磊，林振智，等．含间歇性电源、储能和电动汽车的配电孤岛短时恢复供电策略［J］．电力系统自动化，2015，39(16)：49-58．

LIU Weijia，SUN Lei，LIN Zhenzhi，et al．Short-period restoration strategy in isolated electrical islands with intermittent generation, energy storage and electric vehicles［J］．Automation of Electric Power Systems，2015，39(16)：49-58．

[1]	TAN Zhongfu，TAN Caixia，PU Lei，YANG Jiacheng. Two-Layer Game Model of Virtual Power Plant Applying CIQPSO Algorithm [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2020, 41(6): 9-17.
[2]	QIAN Kejun， QIN Meng， SONG Yuanjun， ZHOU Zhenkai， LIU Yi， XIE Ying， CHEN Lijuan. Multi-Objective Optimal Scheduling Based on Fuzzy Membership for Electric Bus Charging Station [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2020, 41(2): 118-124.
[3]	LI Ruixue， HU Zechun， DUAN Xiaoyu. Monthly Bilateral Electricity Transaction Model and Daily Optimal Operation Strategy for the Agent of Electric Bus Charging Stations [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(1): 27-34.
[4]	MING Xu1， CHEN Yan,LIU Yuan,ZOU Qin， LI Wei， HU Wenbo， WANG Xuan,YANG Jun. Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicle Considering Photovoltaic Power Consumption and Commuter Demand [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(1): 49-59.
[5]	LI Gang, HUANG Yimin, ZHENG Guping, ZHOU Guoliang. Technical Prospect of Raiden Network in Electric Vehicle Charging Transaction [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(9): 78-86.
[6]	SUN Zhipan, LIU Huilan, LI Ran, CHEN Yu, HUO Qijing, ZHENG Haodong. Optimal Dispatch for Microgrids with CHP Considering EV Users Intention [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(9): 95-104.
[7]	HUANG Xueqi，HE Bo， YUAN Xinmei,QU Dawei,LI Juan. Life-cycle Economic Assessment of Ultra-fast Charging Station in China [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(6): 15-.
[8]	DENG Youjun, ZHANG Yongxi, LI Bo, LUO Lingtong, HOU Tingting. Decision-making of Orderly Charging of Centralized Charging Station Considering Concentrating Solar Power [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(12): 31-38.
[9]	WANG Ke, LI Yuan, YANG Wentao, LI Tao, CEN Haifeng, XU Yuan, WEN Fushuan. Real-time Optimal Charging Scheduling for Electric Vehicles Considering Interactions Among Traffic Network, Distribution System and Electric Vehicles#br# [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(12): 63-72.
[10]	TAN Yan，SUN Lei,QI Feng,XIANG Liling，LONG Fei，LIN Zhenzhi，WEN Fushuan. Intelligent Upgrading Strategy of Substations in Power Distribution System [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(7): 114-.
[11]	NIU Dongxiao, MA Tiannan, WANG Haichao, LIU Hongfei, HUANG Yali. Short-Term Load Forecasting of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on KPCA and CNN Parameters Optimized by NSGAII [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(3): 85-.
[12]	LIAO Binjie, YANG Jun, WEN Fushuan, LI Bo3, LI Liang, MAO Jianwei. Temporal and Spatial Stochastic Distribution Characteristics of Charging Loads of Electric Taxis [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(1): 8-.
[13]	TAN Yangyang，YANG Honggeng，XU Fangwei，ZHANG Xi. Fuzzy Matter-Element Assessment Method of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Planning [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(9): 36-.
[14]	HAN Feng，SONG Yi，XUE Zhenyu. Distribution Network Planning System Adapted to Electric Vehicle Development [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 40-45.
[15]	LIU Haixuan，ZENG Pingliang，MA Jun，XU Xiaohui. Operation Strategy of Electric Vehicles for Interacting with the Grid in Battery to Grid Mode [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 126-132.