用户侧利益主体虚拟电厂联盟行为及交易机制

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.09.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于分布式能源补贴下降,通过聚合形成虚拟电厂参与日前市场竞价的模式成为了用户侧利益主体新的收益渠道。文章从虚拟电厂交易策略、收益分配以及用户侧利益主体博弈形成虚拟电厂3个环节为这一模式的实现设计了完整的交易机制。在交易策略方面,采用价格制定者型虚拟电厂交易策略模型,并结合区间优化方法对不确定量建模。在收益分配方面,设计了基于发电量及不确定性贡献度的分配机制。在虚拟电厂的形成问题中,基于联盟博弈理论分析各种联盟状态的稳定性,并通过博弈确定虚拟电厂形式。最后,通过算例对所提方法的有效性进行验证,结果显示,所提出的交易机制符合用户侧利益主体的特点,其分配机制考虑了参与者对不确定性的平抑作用,能够为用户侧利益主体提供辅助决策。

关键词: 用户侧利益主体, 虚拟电厂, 价格制定者, 联盟博弈

Abstract:

As the subsidies of distributed resources decrease, to bid in day-ahead market by forming virtual power plant becomes a new income channel for demand-side entities. This paper designs a complete transaction mechanism from three parts to realize this mode such as bidding strategy, profit distribution and the formation of virtual power plant competing by demand-side entities. The bidding strategy model of price-maker virtual power plant is proposed, and the uncertainty is modeled on the basis of interval optimization. In addition, a generation quantity and uncertainty contribution based allocation mechanism is designed to distribute the profit. Then, this paper analyzes the stability of each coalition status to study the formation of virtual power plant. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed transaction mechanism conforms to the characteristics of the user-side stakeholders, and its allocation mechanism takes into account the stabilizing effect of participants on uncertainty, which can provide auxiliary decision-making for the user side stakeholders.

Key words: demand-side entities, virtual power plant, price maker, coalition game

中图分类号:

TM712

胡嘉凯, 蒋传文, 李磊. 用户侧利益主体虚拟电厂联盟行为及交易机制[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(9): 1-9.

HU Jiakai, JIANG Chuanwen, LI Lei. Research on Coalitional Strategy and Mechanism of Demand-Side Entities by Virtual Power Plant[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2020, 41(9): 1-9.

图/表 9

图1 含虚拟电厂的发电侧和用户侧市场形式

Fig.1 Market structure of generation-side and demand-side with virtual power plant

图2 用户侧博弈交易机制流程

Fig.2 The process of the trading mechanism among the demand-side entities by game

图3 电力系统拓扑结构示意图

Fig.3 Diagram of the power system topology

表1 虚拟电厂报价与日前市场出清情况

Table 1 The bidding strategy of VPP and day-ahead market clearing

表2 各联盟状态下虚拟电厂的收益情况

Table 2 The profit of VPP under various coalition statuses

表3 各联盟状态下各用户侧利益主体的收益

Table 3 The income of the demand-side entities under various coalition statuses

表4 各联盟状态间的有效关系

Table 4 The effective relationship among the coalition statuses

表5 各用户侧利益主体对各联盟状态的偏好关系

Table 5 The preference relationship of demand-side entities among the coalition statuses

图4 联盟状态直接占优关系

Fig.4 The direct dominant relationships among the coalition statuses

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