基于神经网络的微电网参与上层电网实时优化调度策略

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.10.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微电网优化调度策略除要解决风电、光伏就地消纳及其自身稳定运行问题外,还应具备调用分布式电源、具有需求响应能力的负荷等灵活性资源向电网提供辅助服务,参与上层电网实时调度的能力。基于此,文章提出一种基于BP神经网络的微电网资源优化调度策略。结合微电网运行成本和需求响应容量收益建立日前阶段经济最优调度策略;日内模拟阶段模拟预测功率波动以及上层电网实时需求,通过神经网络学习,得到日内阶段调度模型,为日内调度做准备;日内阶段通过上层电网的需求响应信号,将联络线功率输入到神经网络训练模型当中,得到日内阶段各个分布式电源实时功率。所提策略既能保障微电网的经济运行,又能满足上层电网的实时调度要求。最后以日后最优调度算例结果验证了策略的经济性和有效性。

关键词: 微电网, 经济调度, BP神经网络, 协调控制, 灵活性资源

Abstract:

In addition to solving the problems of on-site photovoltaic and wind power and its stable operation, the optimization scheduling strategy for microgrid should also have flexible resources such as distributed power and loads with demand-response capabilities to provide auxiliary services to the grid and capabilities to participate in real-time scheduling of the upper-level grid. This paper proposes a microgrid resource optimization scheduling strategy based on BP neural network. This paper combines the microgrid operating costs and demand-response capacity gains to establish an economic optimal scheduling strategy for the day-to-day stage. The intra-day simulation stage simulates the forecast of power fluctuations and the real-time demand of the upper-level grid, and learns through the neural network to obtain the intra-day scheduling model to prepare for intra-day scheduling. In the daytime phase, through the demand-response signal of the upper-layer power grid, the power of the contact line is input into the training model of neural network, and the real-time power of each distributed power source in the daytime phase is obtained. The strategy proposed in this paper can not only guarantee the economic operation of the microgrid, but also meet the real-time dispatching requirements of the upper-level grid. Finally, the economics and effectiveness of the strategy are verified by the results of day-after optimal scheduling examples.

Key words: microgrid, economic dispatch, BP neural network, coordinated control, flexible resources

中图分类号:

TM73

朱云杰, 秦文萍, 于浩, 姚宏民, 尹琦琳, 韩肖清. 基于神经网络的微电网参与上层电网实时优化调度策略[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(10): 9-11.

ZHU Yunjie, QIN Wenping, YU Hao, YAO Hongmin, YIN Qilin, HAN Xiaoqing. Strategy Based on Neural Network for Microgrid Participating in Real-Time Optimal Scheduling of Upper Grid[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2020, 41(10): 9-11.

图/表 20

图1 日内模拟阶段流程

Fig.1 Flowchart of intra-day simulation phase

图2 BP神经网络结构

Fig.2 Structure of BP neural network

图3 日内调度流程

Fig.3 Intra-day scheduling flowchart

表1 分时电价

Table 1 Time-of-use price

表2 分布式电源参数

Table 2 Parameters of distributed power

图4 日前阶段光伏、风电、常规负荷功率预测数据

Fig.4 Forecast data of PV, wind and conventional load power in day ahead phase

图5 具有需求响应能力的负荷功率

Fig.5 Load power with demand-response capability

图6 联络线功率

Fig.6 Power of tie line

图7 可控分布式电源功率

Fig.7 Power of controllable distribution generations

图8 联络线计划功率条件下微型燃气轮机功率

Fig.8 Power of micro-turbines under the planned power condition of the tie line

图9 联络线计划功率条件下锂电池功率

Fig.9 Power of lithium battery under the planned power condition of the tie line

图10 联络线计划功率条件下燃料电池功率

Fig.10 Power of fuel cell under the planned power condition of the tie line

图11 联络线计划功率条件下需求响应负荷调度功率

Fig.11 Load power with corresponding capacity under the planned power condition of the tie line required

表3 联络线计划功率条件下的调度成本

Table 3 Scheduling cost under the planned power condition of the tie line

图12 联络线实时功率条件下微型燃气轮机功率

Fig.12 Power of micro-turbines under the real time power condition of the tie line

图13 联络线实时功率条件下锂电池功率

Fig.13 Power of lithium battery under the real time power condition of the tie line

图14 联络线实时功率条件下燃料电池功率

Fig.14 Power of fuel cell under the real time power condition of the tie line

图15 联络线实时功率条件下需求响应负荷调度功率

Fig.15 Load power with corresponding capacity required under the real time power condition of the tie line

表4 误差分析

Table 4 Analysis of data errors

表5 联络线实时功率条件下的调度成本

Table 5 Scheduling cost under the real-time power condition of the tie line

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