提升电网惯性与一次调频性能的储能容量配置方法

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.10.013

电力建设 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 116-124.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.10.013

提升电网惯性与一次调频性能的储能容量配置方法

杨丘帆¹, 王琛淇², 魏俊红³, 单锦宁², 陈霞¹

1.强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学), 武汉市 430074
2.国网辽宁省电力有限公司阜新供电公司,辽宁省阜新市 123000
3.华电电力科学研究院有限公司东北分公司,沈阳市 110623

收稿日期:2020-03-09 出版日期:2020-10-01 发布日期:2020-09-30
通讯作者: 陈霞
作者简介:杨丘帆(1997),男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为储能在电力系统中的应用、微电网控制技术;|王琛淇(1990),女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为电力调度运行与控制;|魏俊红(1977),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电厂控制保护、涉网试验技术、高电压技术;|单锦宁(1977),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力调度运行与控制;
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司总部科技项目“储能支撑新能源接入区域电网的稳定性控制技术研究”(SGLNFX00DKJS1800320)

Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage System for Improving Grid Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation

YANG Qiufan¹, WANG Chenqi², WEI Junhong³, SHAN Jinning², CHEN Xia¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology(Huazhong University of Science and Technology),Wuhan 430074, China
2. Fuxin Power Supply Company of State Grid Liaoning Power Co., Ltd., Fuxin 123000, Liaoning Province,China
3. Northeast Branch of Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110623, China

Received:2020-03-09 Online:2020-10-01 Published:2020-09-30
Contact: CHEN Xia
Supported by:
State Grid Corporation of China Research Program(SGLNFX00DKJS1800320)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风电、光伏等新能源机组取代同步发电机组接入电网,使电网的惯性和一次调频备用容量下降,电网频率的暂态稳定性也随之下降。针对这一问题,通过分析储能控制器系数与电网频率动态之间的关系,提出了一种定量配置储能的方法。该方法能够维持新能源机组取代传统机组接入前后,系统惯性大小以及一次调频能力不变。同时,针对新能源机组输出功率的波动性会导致承担的负荷低于装机容量的问题,文章进一步根据新能源电站历史输出功率数据,通过设置置信水平的方式来确定储能容量大小,从而提升储能配置的经济性。仿真结果表明,所提储能配置方法能够定量补偿电网的惯性大小和一次调频备用容量,有效提升电网频率的暂态稳定性。

关键词: 电网频率响应, 储能容量, 电网惯性, 一次调频

Abstract:

When renewable energy such as photovoltaic and wind power replace synchronous generators in the grid, the inertia of the grid and the primary frequency-regulation reserve capacity will be reduced, and the transient stability of the grid frequency will also deteriorate. According to the analysis of the relationship between the coefficient of energy storage controller and the frequency dynamics of power grid, a capacity allocation method for energy storage is proposed. The method can maintain the system inertia and primary frequency-regulation capacity constant before and after renewable energy replace the traditional units. Meanwhile, considering the fluctuation of the output power of the renewable energy, the load supplied by renewable energy is lower than its installed capacity. To improve the economy of energy storage allocation, this paper further proposes a method to determine the energy storage capacity by setting the confidence level according to the historical output power data of renewable power stations. Simulation results show that the proposed allocation method for energy storage capacity can quantitatively compensate the inertia and reserve capacity of the power grid, thereby effectively improving the transient stability of the power grid frequency.

Key words: grid frequency response, energy storage capacity, grid inertia, primary frequency

中图分类号:

TM761

杨丘帆, 王琛淇, 魏俊红, 单锦宁, 陈霞. 提升电网惯性与一次调频性能的储能容量配置方法[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(10): 116-124.

YANG Qiufan, WANG Chenqi, WEI Junhong, SHAN Jinning, CHEN Xia. Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage System for Improving Grid Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2020, 41(10): 116-124.

图/表 15

图1 储能惯性和一次调频控制框图

Fig.1 Control diagram for energy storage inertia and primary frequency response

图2 不同有功缺额时储能的功率响应

Fig.2 Power response of energy storage under different active power deficit

图3 区域风电系统结构图

Fig.3 Structure diagram of the regional wind power system

图4 风电场出力累积分布

Fig.4 Cumulative distribution of wind farm output

图5 不同置信水平配置的储能功率容量

Fig.5 Power capacity of energy storage allocated for different confidence levels

图6 不同置信水平配置的储能能量容量

Fig.6 Energy capacity of energy storage allocated for different confidence levels

图7 无储能风电与同步发电机系统频率响应

Fig.7 Frequency response of wind power and synchronous generator system without energy storage

图8 含储能惯性支撑的风电系统频率响应

Fig.8 Frequency response of wind power system with energy storage inertia control

图9 储能功率与能量响应

Fig.9 Power and energy response of energy storage

表1 配置储能前后惯性大小的比较

Table 1 Comparison of inertia before and after energy storage allocation

图10 不同大小负荷突增时系统频率响应

Fig.10 Frequency response when loads of different capacity suddenly increase

图11 不同大小负荷突增时储能功率响应

Fig.11 Energy storage power response when loads of different capacity suddenly increase

图12 储能一次调频支撑的风电系统频率响应

Fig.12 Frequency response of wind power system with primary frequency control from energy storage

图13 储能一次调频的功率响应

Fig.13 Energy storage power response of primary frequency control

表2 储能参与一次调频响应前后频率稳态值比较

Table 2 Comparison of frequency steady-state values before and after energy storage allocation

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提升电网惯性与一次调频性能的储能容量配置方法

Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage System for Improving Grid Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation

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