由于远离大陆,独立海岛上的微网多运行于孤岛模式,不与配电网发生功率交换,微网内部实现电力供需平衡,同时,电动汽车充电需求的接入给孤岛微网的可靠运行带来了影响。提出了一种计及电动汽车充电需求的孤岛微网可靠性计算方法。首先,通过模拟用户的出行行为建立了基于出行链理论的电动汽车充电负荷模型,计及风电和储能特性提出了微网运行策略和负荷分块削减策略。其次,考虑电动汽车充电需求,提出了年均充电中断次数、系统平均充电可用性等新型指标,构建了与传统配电网有差异的微网供电可靠性评估体系。最后,对改进的RBTS Bus6馈线F4系统进行了可靠性评估。算例结果表明,微网运行策略和电动汽车充电需求对孤岛微网的供电可靠性影响显著。

The microgrids on independent islands mostly operate in island mode due to the long distance to the mainland, and the power supply and demand keep balanced inside the microgrid. At the same time, the charging load of electric vehicles (EVs) has affected the reliable operation of the island microgrid. A method for calculating the reliability of island microgrid that takes into account the EV charging demand is proposed. Firstly, an EV charging load model based on trip chain theory is established by simulating the travel behavior of users; taking into account the characteristics of wind power and energy storage, a microgrid operation strategy and a load reduction strategy are proposed. Then, taking the charging demand of electric vehicles into account, new indexes such as the Annual Average Charge Interruptions and the Average Service Availability Index are proposed, which constructed a reliability evaluation system for microgrids different from that for the traditional distribution network. Finally, the method proposed is tested by the improved RBTS Bus 6 feeder F4 system, which shows that the microgrid operation strategy and electric vehicles charging demand have a significant impact on the island microgrid reliability, which proves the effectiveness of the method.