基于线性自抗扰技术的SMES储能变流器控制策略

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.11.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

储能系统作为微电网中不可或缺的重要组成部分,对保证微电网的稳定运行和提高微电网电能质量具有重要作用。提出一种基于线性自抗扰控制(linear active disturbance rejection control,LADRC)的超导磁储能系统(superconducting magnetic storage system,SMES)储能变流器控制策略,利用LADRC能够估计并补偿系统扰动,可有效改善储能系统输出电能质量和提高系统鲁棒性。通过对LADRC和比例积分(proportional integral,PI)控制系统进行频率响应特性分析可知,一阶LADRC的反馈补偿器可以等效为一个PI控制器串联一个一阶低通滤波器,能有效抑制系统高频噪声;同时使用根轨迹法分析了LADRC控制系统的稳定性和鲁棒性。MATLAB仿真结果表明,基于LADRC的SMES储能变流器控制策略具有响应速度快、控制精度高、抗扰能力强等优点,其控制效果和鲁棒性均优于传统PI控制器。

关键词: 微电网, SMES储能变流器, 线性自抗扰控制(LADRC), 根轨迹法, 鲁棒性

Abstract:

As an indispensable and significant part of the microgrid, the energy storage system plays an important role in the stable operation of the microgrid and ensuring power quality of the microgrid. This paper proposes a control strategy for SMES energy storage converter based on linear active disturbance control (LADRC) , which can estimate and compensate the system disturbance, so that it could effectively improve the power quality and robustness of the energy storage system. Analysis of the frequency response characteristics of the LADRC and PI control systems shows that the feedback compensator of first-order LADRC composed of a PI controller and a first-order low-pass filter in series can effectively suppress the high-frequency noise of the system; And the stability and robustness of the control system of LADRC are analyzed by root locus method. The MATLAB simulation results show that the control strategy for the SMES energy storage converter based on LADRC has the advantages of fast response, high control accuracy and strong anti-disturbance ability, and its control effect and robustness are both better than traditional PI controllers.

Key words: microgrid, SMES energy storage converter, linear active disturbance control(LADRC), root locus method, robustness

中图分类号:

TM76

张刚, 雷勇, 李永凯, 周威. 基于线性自抗扰技术的SMES储能变流器控制策略[J]. 电力建设, 2020, 41(11): 78-86.

ZHANG Gang, LEI Yong, LI Yongkai, ZHOU Wei. Control Strategy for SMES Energy Storage ConverterBased on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2020, 41(11): 78-86.

图/表 16

图1 SMES拓扑结构图

Fig.1 Topological structure of SMES

图2 线性自抗扰控制的控制结构

Fig.2 Control structure of LADRC

图3 SMES整体控制框图

Fig.3 Overall control block diagram of SMES

图4 线性自抗扰等价两自由度结构

Fig.4 Two-degree-of-freedom equivalent structure of LADRC

图5 ω0改变时C2(s)和CPI(s)的伯德图(KP=16.5,KI=83.1)

Fig.5 Bode plots of C2(s) and CPI(s) as ω0varies, in which KP=16.5,KI=83.1

图6 ωc改变时C2(s)和CPI(s)的伯德图(KP=16.5,KI=83.1)

Fig.6 Bode plots of C2(s) and CPI(s) as ωcvaries, in which KP=16.5,KI=83.1

图7 ω0变化时闭环传递函数极点

Fig.7 Poles of the closed-loop transfer function when ω0 changes

图8 ωc变化时闭环传递函数极点

Fig.8 Poles of the closed-loop transfer function when ωc changes

图9 b值不同时系统根轨迹图

Fig.9 Root locus of the system with different b

表1 仿真的参数取值

Table 1 Simulation parameter values

图10 SMES变流器输出功率响应

Fig.10 Waveforms of power output response of SMES converter

图11 储能变流器交流侧输出电流电压

Fig.11 Output current and voltage from AC-side of energy storage converter

图12 两种控制策略下电流THD对比

Fig.12 Comparison of current THD under two control strategies

图13 直流侧电压波形

Fig.13 Waveforms of DC-side voltage

图14 滤波电感L改变后储能变流器交流侧输出有功功率

Fig.14 Output power from the AC-side of the energy storage converter after the filter inductor L is changed

图15 滤波电感L改变后储能变流器交流侧输出电压电流

Fig.15 Waveforms of output voltage and current from the AC-side of the energy storage converter after the filter inductor L is changed

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