考虑需求响应和电动汽车负荷路-电耦合特性的配电网可靠性评估

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.06.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电动汽车的普及,大量的无序充电行为给配电网可靠性带来负面影响。文章建立了考虑需求响应和路-电耦合特性的配电网可靠性评估模型,准确预测电动汽车时空分布负荷并对其进行调度,改善可靠性指标。提出了路-电耦合模式结构及时空负荷预测框架;建立了路网模型、用户模型、考虑需求响应的充电负荷补充模型,得到电动汽车负荷时空分布;基于双向层级结构、启发式削减策略对电动汽车接入的配电网可靠性进行评估。以某区域路-电耦合网为例,分析了该区域电动私家车充电负荷时空分布情况并对考虑需求响应、路-电耦合特性的配电网可靠性进行了评估。各种场景下的仿真结果验证了文章模型的有效性以及需求响应对可靠性指标的优化作用、路-电耦合特性对可靠性指标的恶化影响。

关键词: 路-电耦合, 电动汽车, 充电负荷, 需求响应, 可靠性评估

Abstract:

With the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), a large number of disorderly charging behaviors have a negative impact on the reliability of the distribution network. In this paper, a reliability evaluation model of distribution network considering demand response and road-electricity coupling characteristics is established to accurately predict and dispatch the spatiotemporal distribution load of electric vehicles, so as to improve the reliability index. Firstly, the road-electricity coupling model structure and the time-space load forecasting framework are proposed. Then the road network model, user model, and charging load supplement model considering demand response are given, and the space-time distribution of electric vehicle load is obtained. Finally, evaluation based on the two-way hierarchical structure and heuristic reduction strategy is carried out for the reliability of the distribution network where the EVs connect. Taking a regional road-electricity coupling network as an example, the temporal and spatial distribution of private EV charging load in this area is analyzed and the reliability of the distribution network considering demand response and road-electricity coupling characteristics is evaluated. Simulation results in various scenarios verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, the optimization effect of demand response on reliability index, and the deterioration effect of road-electricity coupling characteristics on the reliability index.

Key words: road-electricity coupling, electric vehicle, charging load, demand response, reliability evaluation

中图分类号:

TM712

林铭蓉, 胡志坚, 高明鑫, 陈锦鹏. 考虑需求响应和电动汽车负荷路-电耦合特性的配电网可靠性评估[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(6): 86-95.

LIN Mingrong, HU Zhijian, GAO Mingxin, CHEN Jinpeng. Reliability Evaluation of Distribution Network Considering Demand Response and Road-Electricity Coupling Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Load[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(6): 86-95.

图/表 19

图1 路-电耦合模式结构及时空负荷预测框架

Fig.1 Structure chart of road-electricity coupling model and space-time load forecasting framework

表1 出行链结构

Table 1 Travel chain structure

图2 一次蒙特卡洛电动汽车时空负荷预测流程

Fig.2 Time-space load forecasting flow chart of Monte Carlo electric vehicle

图3 基于双向层级结构的可靠性评估流程图

Fig.3 Flow chart of reliability evaluation based on bi-directional hierarchy

图4 算例城市路网图

Fig.4 Example of urban road network

图5 IEEE RBTS Bus6 系统接线图

Fig.5 Wiring diagram of IEEE RBTS Bus6 system

图6 不同典型日充电负荷时空分布

Fig.6 Spatial and temporal distribution of charging loads in different typical day

图7 不同典型日不同情况下区域总负荷曲线

Fig.7 Regional total load curve under different typical days and conditions

表2 不同场景下的系统可靠性指标

Table 2 Values of system reliability indices in different scenarios

图8 孤岛1中各负荷及风电出力情况

Fig.8 Load and wind power output in island 1

表3 孤岛1各节点可靠性指标

Table 3 Reliability index of each node in island 1

图9 不同场景下各节点负荷分布

Fig.9 Load distribution of each node in different scenarios

表4 路-电耦合特性对可靠性的影响

Table 4 Influence of road-electricity coupling characteristics on reliability

表A1 道路长度数据

Table A1 Road length data

表A2 WTG参数

Table A2 WTG parameters

表A3 路网节点与配电网节点编号对应表

Table A3 Corresponding table of node number between road network and distribution network

表A4 EV参数

Table A4 EV parameters

表A5 不同类型日下的出行链及其占比

Table A5 Travel chains of different types of day and their proportions

表A6 各时段电价水平

Table A6 Electricity price level of each period元/(kW·h)

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