计及电动汽车用户需求的直流微电网经济调度策略

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.07.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电动汽车的快速发展,电动汽车参与微电网调度受到越来越多的关注,研究考虑电动汽车用户需求的能量管理问题有助于微电网的稳定经济运行。基于此,文章提出一种计及电动汽车用户需求的直流微电网经济调度策略。针对电动汽车用户对于充电时间和充电速度需求方面的问题,建立分级充电价格下的电动汽车分类模型,包括即时型、弹性型、补偿型和夜间型等4种充电类型。参与微电网调度的用户提前一天通过手机App上传预约信息,微电网调度中心综合用户预约信息和可再生能源与重要负荷的日前预测数据,以系统的运行维护成本和联络线功率波动最小为目标,考虑各单元相关约束条件,对电动汽车的充电时间合理规划。最后通过算例仿真结果验证了调度策略的经济性和有效性。

关键词: 直流微电网, 电动汽车用户需求, 分级充电价格, 经济调度, 联络线功率波动

Abstract:

With the rapid development of EVs, more and more attention has been paid on the dispatching of electric vehicles participating in micro-grid. Studying the energy management of EV users' requirements is helpful to the stable and economic operation of micro-grid. An economic dispatch strategy of DC micro-grid, which takes into account the needs of EV users, is proposed in this paper. When considering the different demands of EV users for charging time and charging speed, an EV classification model under the graded charging price is established, including four charging types such as instant type, elastic type, compensating type and night type. Users participating in micro-grid dispatching upload reservation information through mobile App one day in advance. The micro-grid dispatch center integrates the user appointment information and the day-ahead forecast data of renewable energy and important loads, and takes the goal of minimizing the operating cost of the system and the converted cost of the power fluctuation of the tie line, considering the relevant constraints of each unit, so as to realize the reasonable planning of the charging time of EVs. Finally, an example is given to verify the economy and effectiveness of the scheduling strategy.

Key words: DC microgrid, EV users' requirements, graded charging price, economic dispatch, power fluctuation of tie line

中图分类号:

TM73

赵佳, 孟润泉, 魏斌, 王磊, 韩肖清. 计及电动汽车用户需求的直流微电网经济调度策略[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(7): 39-47.

ZHAO Jia, MENG Runquan, WEI Bin, WANG Lei, HAN Xiaoqing. Economic Dispatching Strategy for DC Microgrid Considering the Demand of Electric Vehicle Users[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(7): 39-47.

图/表 14

图1 直流微电网结构图

Fig.1 Structure diagram of a DC microgrid

图2 电动汽车预约充电模式

Fig.2 EV reservation charging mode

表1 分布式电源参数

Table 1 Parameters of distributed power supply

表2 分时电价参数

Table 2 TOU price

表3 燃料电池参数

Table 3 Parameters of fuel cell

表4 用户预约信息

Table 4 User reservation information

图3 风机、光伏出力预测曲线

Fig.3 Output power prediction curve of WT and PV

图4 重要负荷功率预测曲线

Fig.4 Prediction curve of important load

表5 β参数的取值结果

Table 5 Results of taking different values for parameter β

表6 交、直流微电网调度结果对比

Table 6 Comparison of scheduling results of AC microgrid and DC microgrid

图5 电动汽车充电功率结果

Fig.5 Results of EV charging power

图6 分布式电源调度结果

Fig.6 Dispatch results of distributed power supply

表7 2种方案的调度成本

Table 7 Scheduling costs of two schemes元/天

表8 电动汽车用户的充电费用

Table 8 Charging fees of EV users 元

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