区块链技术下考虑风电不确定性的微网群鲁棒博弈交易模式

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.09.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微网群电能交易可以提高多微网系统整体经济性,促进可再生能源消纳并缓解配电网运行压力。然而风电出力不确定性严重影响了单个微网运行调控行为,进而影响微网群电能交易的经济性和可靠性。同时,可再生能源出力不确定性和微网群规模的扩大使传统集中式交易模式在处理微网群电能交易产生的海量、复杂、实时的微网数据时,存在交易信息不透明、可靠性低等问题。因此,考虑风电出力不确定性,引入具备数据透明性和可靠性的区块链技术,提出区块链技术下的多微网电能交易两阶段鲁棒博弈竞标调度模型。首先,对区块链技术与多微网电能交易非合作博弈模型的契合度进行分析,并给出基于区块链技术的多微网电能交易架构;其次,采用两阶段可调鲁棒优化模型和非合作博弈理论构建多微网鲁棒博弈竞标调度模型;再次,采用二进制扩充法、对偶理论、大M法、列和约束生成(column and constraint generation,C&CG)算法对该模型进行求解,得到各个微网的最优经济调度策略以及竞标策略;最后,通过算例验证了所提方法可以实现多微网系统分布式交易,提高整体经济性,并有效应对风电出力不确定性。

关键词: 区块链, 多微网, 风电不确定性, 两阶段可调鲁棒模型, 非合作博弈

Abstract:

Electricity transaction of multi-microgrid system enables to improve the overall economy, alleviate the operating pressure of distribution network and promote the consumption of renewable energy. Nevertheless, the transactions of multi-microgrid system are obliged to process large-scale, complex structure, and highly real-time data of microgrid. Therefore, taking the uncertainty of wind power output into consideration, this paper puts forward a robust game bidding scheduling model for multi-microgrid system applying blockchain technology with data transparency and reliability. Firstly, the compatibility between the blockchain technology and the non-cooperative game model of multi-microgrid electricity transaction is analyzed. And then the paper establishes a multi-microgrid transaction architecture based on blockchain technology. Binary expansion method, duality theory, big M method, and C&CG algorithm are employed to achieve the optimal economic dispatch strategy and bidding strategy of each microgrid. Finally, the paper builds a transaction platform based on blockchain technology, and the corresponding case studies verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: blockchain, multi-microgrid system, wind power uncertainty, two-stage adjustable robust model, non-cooperative game

中图分类号:

TM732

邬嘉雨, 刘洋, 许立雄, 马腾, 郭久亿, 杨祺铭. 区块链技术下考虑风电不确定性的微网群鲁棒博弈交易模式[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(9): 10-21.

WU Jiayu, LIU Yang, XU Lixiong, MA Teng, GUO Jiuyi, YANG Qiming. Robust Game Transaction Model of Multi-microgrid System Applying Blockchain Technology Considering Wind Power Uncertainty[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(9): 10-21.

图/表 19

图1 多微网系统电能交易架构

Fig.1 Structure of multi-microgrid transaction

图A1 购电微网运行数据

Fig.A1 Operation data of purchasing microgrid

图A2 售电微网1运行数据

Fig.A2 Operation data of selling microgrid 1

图A3 售电微网2运行数据

Fig.A3 Operation data of selling microgrid 2

图A4 售电微网3运行数据

Fig.A4 Operation data of selling microgrid 3

表A1 各微网可控机组主要运行参数

Table A1 Parameters of CGs in each microgrid

表A2 各微网储能机组主要运行参数

Table A2 Parameters of energy storage system in each microgrid

表1 多微网系统整体经济性及风电消纳对比

Table 1 Comparison of economy and wind power consumption

图2 各售电微网竞标电价

Fig.2 Bidding price of microgrids with surplus power

表2 售电微网优化结果

Table 2 Optimization result of microgrids with surplus power 元

图3 各售电微网中标电量

Fig.3 Selling power of microgrids with surplus power

图4 售电微网1机组出力

Fig.4 Unit outputs of selling microgrid 1

图5 售电微网2机组出力

Fig.5 Unit outputs of selling microgrid 2

图6 售电微网3机组出力

Fig.6 Unit outputs of selling microgrid 3

表3 多微网系统交易信息

Table 3 Transaction information of multi-microgrid system

表4 多微网系统交易结果

Table 4 Transaction result of multi-microgrid system

表5 交易时间对比

Table 5 Comparison of transaction time

图7 总运行成本散点图

Fig.7 Scatter of total operation cost

表6 运行成本对比

Table 6 Comparison of operation cost 元

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