基于交替方向乘子法的分布式负荷频率控制策略

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.11.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

负荷频率控制(load frequency control, LFC)是维持电力系统安全稳定运行的基础。对于多区域互联电力系统,由于描述动态过程的微分方程组相当复杂,这给负荷频率控制器的设计带来了困难。在此背景下,针对多区域互联电力系统,提出基于交替方向乘子法 (alternating direction method of multiplier, ADMM) 的分布式最优负荷频率控制器设计方法,以取得良好的控制性能,同时具备较高的计算效率。首先,介绍了负荷频率控制问题的微分方程模型。之后,基于二次多项式和矩阵稀疏化构建了分布式最优LFC策略的数学模型,并采用ADMM求解。最后,以三区域互联电力系统为例对所提方法进行了验证。仿真结果表明,针对负荷扰动和时变参数,所提方法能够把各区域的频率偏差和区域间联络线上的功率偏差控制到0。

关键词: 负荷频率控制(LFC), 分布式优化, 交替方向乘子法(ADMM), 二次多项式, 矩阵稀疏化

Abstract:

Load frequency control (LFC) is essential for maintaining the security and stability of the power system concerned. However, the complexity of the differential equation model characterizing the dynamics of an interconnected power system brings a challenge to the design of the load frequency controller. Given this background, a distributed optimal control scheme based on alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) is employed to design the load frequency controller for the interconnected power system. The proposed approach can simultaneously optimize the control performance and improve the computation efficiency. Firstly, the mathematical model of LFC is briefed. Then an optimization formulation for designing the distributed optimal control scheme of LFC is presented on the basis of the quadratic performance and matrix sparsification, and solved by using ADMM. Finally, a three-area interconnected power system is employed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed LFC approach.

Key words: load frequency control(LFC), distributed optimization, alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM), quadratic polynomial, matrix sparsification

中图分类号:

TM73

李玲芳, 陈义宣, 许岩, 文福拴. 基于交替方向乘子法的分布式负荷频率控制策略[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(11): 125-132.

LI Lingfang, CHEN Yixuan, XU Yan, WEN Fushuan. Distributed Optimal Load Frequency Control Strategy Based on Alternating Direction Method of Multiplier[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(11): 125-132.

图/表 7

图1 互联电力系统中第i个区域的模型

Fig.1 The model of the i-th area in an interconnected power system

图2 基于ADMM的分布式最优负荷频率控制器设计过程

Fig.2 Design procedure of the ADMM-based distributed optimal load frequency controller

图3 三区域电力系统模型框图

Fig.3 Block diagram of a three-area power system model

图4 控制器增益矩阵K的结构

Fig.4 Structure of the gain matrix K

图5 基于PI的负荷频率控制响应曲线

Fig.5 Response curves of the three-area interconnected power system with the PI-based LFC strategy under load disturbances

图6 集中式负荷频率控制响应曲线

Fig.6 Response curves of the three-area interconnected power system with the centralized LFC strategy under load disturbances

图7 分布式负荷频率控制响应曲线

Fig.7 Response curves of the three-area interconnected power system with the distributed LFC strategy under load disturbances

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