一种抑制多馈入特高压直流换相失败的投旁通控制策略

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

换相失败是特高压直流输电系统的常见故障之一,常在送、受端交流电网引起剧烈的无功波动。投入旁通对是对直流系统进行保护的重要控制措施之一。当直流输电系统发生故障时,逆变侧保护装置动作后投入旁通对有助于达到快速停运直流输电系统,隔离故障的目的。而现在有关旁通对的研究多集中于其在直流故障中的应用,关于其在换相失败问题中的应用研究较少。通过分析旁通对控制对特高压直流输电系统送、受端电压特性的影响,论证了旁通对控制策略对换相失败后整流侧过电压、逆变侧低电压的改善作用。进而提出了一种换相失败后投旁通对的控制方法,以逆变阀组换相失败及交流电压跌落程度为旁通对控制的启动判据,根据直流运行状态对直流电流进行动态调节,然后根据受端交流系统恢复程度退出旁通对。PSCAD/EMTDC仿真表明,所提旁通对控制器在交流故障导致特高压直流换相失败后,能够起到快速隔离交直流系统、减轻无功电压波动的控制效果。

关键词: 特高压直流, 换相失败, 旁通对, 电压稳定性

Abstract:

As an inherent drawback of LCC-UHVDC, commutation failure often causes dramatic reactive power fluctuation in the AC power grid both on the rectifier side and the inverter side. The application of bypass pair is one of the important control strategies of DC system protection. When a fault occurs in the HVDC system, the switch of bypass pair after the protection action of the inverter side will help to achieve the purpose of stopping the HVDC system quickly and isolating the fault. At present, the research of bypass pair is mainly focused on the application under DC fault cases, whereas the application of that in commutation failure is lacking. According to the analysis of the impact of bypass control on the voltage characteristics on the rectifier side and the inverter side, this paper demonstrates the contribution of reasonable bypass control on improving the voltage characteristics of UHVDC transmission line after commutation failure. And a bypass pair control scheme is proposed, which takes the commutation failure in inverter valves and the reduction of AC bus voltage as the initialization criterion to dynamically adjust DC current. Then, the bypass pair will quit as the system recovering. The effectiveness of the proposed bypass pair control scheme on isolating AC and DC systems and reliving the reactive power and the voltage fluctuation during the transient process of AC system fault is verified in PSCAD/EMTDC.

Key words: UHVDC, commutation failure, bypass pair, voltage stability

中图分类号:

TM773

张朝峰, 张伟晨, 饶宇飞, 夏秋, 李程昊, 鲍超斌. 一种抑制多馈入特高压直流换相失败的投旁通控制策略[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43(6): 56-65.

ZHANG Chaofeng, ZHANG Weichen, RAO Yufei, XIA Qiu, LI Chenghao, BAO Chaobin. A Bypass Pair Control Strategy for Commutation Failure Mitigation in Multi-infeed DC System[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2022, 43(6): 56-65.

图/表 18

图1 逆变阀组正常运行与投入旁通对的电流回路

Fig.1 Circuit under stable operation andbypass switch

图2 形成旁通对后的晶闸管电流与阀侧电流波形

Fig.2 Current waveform under bypass control

图3 形成旁通对后换流阀吸收的无功功率

Fig.3 Reactive power absorbed by the inverter under bypass control

图4 CIGRE HVDC标准测试模型主电路图

Fig.4 Main circuit of CIGRE HVDC standard test model

图5 逆变侧部分电气量响应曲线

Fig.5 Response curves of electrical parameters on the inverter side

图6 整流侧部分电气量响应曲线

Fig.6 Response curves of the electrical parameters on the rectifier side

图7 旁通对控制基本控制结构

Fig.7 Basic control structure of bypass control

图8 VDCOL工作曲线

Fig.8 Operating curve of VDCOL

图9 旁通对控制流程

Fig.9 Flowchart of bypass control

图10 旁通对控制信号生成环节

Fig.10 Diagram of bypass control signal calculation

图11 河南特高压直流多馈入系统结构图

Fig.11 Structure of Henan UHVDC multi-infeed system

图12 旁通控制信号

Fig.12 Bypass control signal

图13 旁通控制投入前后直流系统1送端直流电流对比

Fig.13 Comparison of DC current at sending-end of DC system 1 before and after bypass control

图14 旁通控制投入前后直流系统1母线电压与阀吸收无功功率对比

Fig.14 Comparison of bus voltage and reactive power absorption of DC system 1 before and after bypass control

图15 单相接地故障下控制效果

Fig.15 Effectiveness of bypass control under single-phase-to-ground fault

表1 旁通对导通时间

Table 1 Bypass turn-on time

图16 两种控制方案下逆变侧参数对比

Fig.16 Comparison of parameters on the inverter side under two control schemes

图17 两种控制方案下整流侧参数对比

Fig.17 Comparison of parameters on the rectifier side under two control schemes

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