基于虚拟变电站的配电网薄弱区域集群双层规划研究

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.08.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

位于配电网末端的偏远山区常常由于存在供电可靠性不足的问题而被视为配电网薄弱区域,为了提高此类地区的供电可靠性,引入虚拟变电站和集群规划的概念和方法,提出了一种基于虚拟变电站的分布式电源与储能双层选址定容规划模型。上层模型以集群效能指标最大为目标,从结构性和功能性两方面对配电网薄弱区域进行集群划分,规划结果为各集群的划分方案;下层模型以考虑用户损失费用的年综合费用最小为目标,在各集群内部建设虚拟变电站,规划结果是集群内分布式电源的接入位置及容量、储能装置的接入容量及功率;针对集群规划模型的特性,文章提出计及孤岛运行的用户停电损失费用计算方法,并以双层迭代的混合粒子群算法进行求解。算例部分以云南含分布式小水电的某典型场景为例,验证了所提模型的可行性和求解方法的有效性。

关键词: 虚拟变电站, 配电网, 可靠性, 薄弱区域, 集群划分, 集群规划

Abstract:

The remote mountainous areas at the end of the distribution network are often regarded as weak areas of the distribution network due to insufficient power supply reliability. In order to improve the power supply reliability of such areas, the concepts and methods of virtual substation and cluster planning are introduced, and a bi-level location and capacity planning model based on virtual substation for distributed power sources and energy storage is proposed. The upper-level model takes the largest cluster efficiency index as the goal, and divides the weak areas of the distribution network into clusters from both structural and functional aspects, whose planning result is the division plan of each cluster. The lower-level model aims to minimize the annual comprehensive cost considering the user’s loss costs, and build virtual substations within each cluster, whose results are the access location and capacity of distributed power sources in the cluster, and the access capacity and power of energy storage devices. Focusing on the characteristics of the cluster planning model, a cost calculation method for users’ power outage loss considering island operation is proposed, and an iterative hybrid particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the problem. A typical scene with distributed small hydropower stations in Yunnan is taken as an example to verify the feasibility of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the solution method.

Key words: virtual substation, distribution network, reliability, weak area, cluster division, cluster planning

中图分类号:

TM73

李振坤, 王艺龙, 季亮, 张智泉. 基于虚拟变电站的配电网薄弱区域集群双层规划研究[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43(8): 53-65.

LI Zhenkun, WANG Yilong, JI Liang, ZHANG Zhiquan. Research on Cluster Bi-level Planning Based on Virtual Substation for Weak Areas of Distribution Network[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2022, 43(8): 53-65.

图/表 14

图1 含虚拟变电站的配电网结构

Fig.1 Distribution network structure with virtual substation

图2 双层集群规划模型架构

Fig.2 Architecture of the bi-level cluster planning model

图3 可靠性分析配电网结构示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the distribution network structure for reliability analysis

图4 主网络结构

Fig.4 Main network structure

图5 可靠性指标计算图示

Fig.5 Diagram of reliability index calculation

图6 下层规划粒子结构

Fig.6 The lower-level planning particle structure

图7 原规划区配电系统网络结构

Fig.7 Network structure of power distribution system in original planning area

图8 典型日小水电的出力与负荷功率数据

Fig.8 Small hydropower output and load power situation on a typical day

表1 The cost of each plan 万元/a

Table 1

图9 规划区集群划分结果

Fig.9 Cluster division result of the planning area

表2 各方案规划结果

Table 2 The result of each plan

图10 各方案的可靠性指标

Fig.10 Reliability indexes of each plan

图11 各方案在枯水期的节点电压曲线

Fig.11 Voltage curves of the nodes of each plan in dry season

图12 各方案的迭代过程

Fig.12 Iterative process of each plan

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