平抑高比例新能源发电功率波动的风-光-储容量最优配比

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.03.014

电力建设 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 138-147.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.03.014

平抑高比例新能源发电功率波动的风-光-储容量最优配比

魏韡¹(), 范越²(), 谢睿¹(), 白珈于¹(), 梅生伟¹()

1.电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学电机系),北京市100084
2.国家电网有限公司西北分部,西安市 710048

收稿日期:2022-06-12 出版日期:2023-03-01 发布日期:2023-03-02
通讯作者: 魏韡(1985),男,博士,副教授, 主要研究方向为运筹学与能源系统优化运行,E-mail:wei-wei04@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn。
作者简介:范越(1970),男,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电网技术及管理方面的研究工作,E-mail:fanyue_1970@163.com;
谢睿(1996),女,博士,主要研究方向为电力系统优化规划,E-mail:xie_rui1996@163.com;
白珈于(1996),女,博士研究生,主要研究方向为电力系统优化调度,E-mail:bai_jiayu01@163.com;
梅生伟(1964),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力系统非线性控制、复杂系统理论、工程博弈论、可再生能源调度、清洁储能技术,E-mail:meishengwei@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2400701);国家电网有限公司科技项目(SGNW0000FGJS2200126)

Optimal Ratio of Wind-Solar-Storage Capacity for Mitigating the Power Fluctuations in Power System with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Power Generation

WEI Wei¹(), FAN Yue²(), XIE Rui¹(), BAI Jiayu¹(), MEI Shengwei¹()

1. State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment(Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University), Beijing 100084, China
2. Northwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Xi’an 710048, China

Received:2022-06-12 Online:2023-03-01 Published:2023-03-02
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2400701);State Grid Corporation of China Science and Technology Project(SGNW0000FGJS2200126)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

发展新能源是应对环境污染和能源危机的根本性措施,有助于推动“双碳”目标的实现。可再生能源发电固有的间歇性、波动性给电网规划和运行带来严峻挑战。针对高比例新能源电力系统,分析了以最小功率波动为目标的新能源和储能容量最佳配比。立足风光资源的互补性,构建了最小化系统功率波动的风光最优配比模型,并提出了基于线性规划的求解算法。最后建立了面向平滑新能源出力的储能容量配置参数线性规划模型,得到波动性指标关于储能容量的解析表达式,并根据成本确定了最优储能容量。所提方法为政策制定提供了可视化工具以及比单一最优解更加丰富的信息。

关键词: 可再生能源, 储能, 容量配比, 参数规划, 分式规划

Abstract:

The development of renewable energy is a fundamental measure to resolve environmental pollution and energy crisis, and achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. However, the inherent volatility and fluctuation of renewable energy output bring unprecedented challenges to the planning and operation of the power grid. This paper studies the optimal ratio of renewable energy and energy storage, aiming to minimize power fluctuation. According to the complementary nature of wind and solar resources, the mode of optimal ratio of wind and solar power that leads to minimal power fluctuation is established and is further transformed into linear programming. The optimization problem of energy storage capacity aiming to smooth the renewable energy output is formulated as a multi-parameter linear program, where storage charging power and energy capacities are parameters. The power fluctuation index is expressed as an analytical function in storage parameters, which is convex and piecewise linear. On the basis of the fluctuation index function, the optimal storage capacities can be determined according to the costs. The proposed method provides an illustrative tool and more abundant information for policy and decision-making.

Key words: renewable energy, energy storage, capacity ratio, parametric programming, fractional programming

中图分类号:

TM715

魏韡, 范越, 谢睿, 白珈于, 梅生伟. 平抑高比例新能源发电功率波动的风-光-储容量最优配比[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44(3): 138-147.

WEI Wei, FAN Yue, XIE Rui, BAI Jiayu, MEI Shengwei. Optimal Ratio of Wind-Solar-Storage Capacity for Mitigating the Power Fluctuations in Power System with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Power Generation[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2023, 44(3): 138-147.

图/表 15

图1 最优容量配置计算流程

Fig.1 Calculation flow chart of optimal capacity configuration

图2 风力发电效率箱型图

Fig.2 Boxplot of wind power generation

图3 光伏发电效率箱型图

Fig.3 Boxplot of photovoltaic power generation

图4 负荷功率箱型图

Fig.4 Boxplot of load power

表1 参数设置

Table 1 Parameters

图5 独立新能源发电系统风光最佳配比下功率波动情况

Fig.5 Typical power fluctuation under the optimal ratio of renewable energy for independent renewable generation system

图6 功率波动指标随风电占比变化关系

Fig.6 Power fluctuation index under different wind proportion

图7 独立新能源发电系统的系统功率波动指标函数关系

Fig.7 System power fluctuation index function for independent renewable generation system

图8 独立新能源发电系统的储能容量可行域

Fig.8 Feasible region of energy storage capacity for independent renewable generation system

图9 全清洁能源供电系统风光最佳配比下功率波动情况

Fig.9 Typical power fluctuation under the optimal ratio of renewable energy for electric system powered entirely by renewable energy

图10 全清洁能源供电系统的系统功率波动指标函数关系

Fig.10 System power fluctuation index function for electric system powered entirely by renewable energy

图11 全清洁能源供电系统的储能容量可行域

Fig.11 Feasible region of energy storage capacity for electric system powered entirely by renewable energy

图12 一般性新能源电力系统风光最佳配比下功率波动典型情况

Fig.12 Typical power fluctuation under the optimal ratio of renewable energy for general power system with renewable energy

图13 一般性新能源电力系统的系统功率波动指标函数关系

Fig.13 System power fluctuation index function for general power system with renewable energy

图14 一般性新能源电力系统的储能容量可行域

Fig.14 Feasible region of energy storage capacity for general power system with renewable energy

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平抑高比例新能源发电功率波动的风-光-储容量最优配比

Optimal Ratio of Wind-Solar-Storage Capacity for Mitigating the Power Fluctuations in Power System with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Power Generation

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