基于Swin Transformer的柔性直流电网单端量故障诊断

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.05.006

电力建设 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 53-60.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.05.006

基于Swin Transformer的柔性直流电网单端量故障诊断

杨隽豪¹(), 韦延方¹^,²(), 王鹏³(), 王晓卫⁴(), 曾志辉¹()

1.河南理工大学电气工程与自动化学院,河南省焦作市 454003
2.河南省煤矿装备智能检测与控制重点实验室(河南理工大学),河南省焦作市 454003
3.国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,郑州市 450052
4.西安理工大学电气工程学院,西安市 710048

收稿日期:2022-06-21 出版日期:2023-05-01 发布日期:2023-04-27
通讯作者: 杨隽豪(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为新型继电保护故障检测,E-mail:1062194193@qq.com。
作者简介:韦延方(1982),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为电力系统及新型输配电的分析与控制,E-mail:weiyanfang@hpu.edu.cn;
王鹏(1984),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为配电网运行技术,E-mail: w-fsfe@163.com;
王晓卫(1983),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为配电网故障选线与定位、高阻故障检测、电力工程信号处理,E-mail:proceedings@126.com;
曾志辉(1978),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为信号处理、大功率开关电源技术、储能技术,E-mail: zzhh@hpu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61703144)

Single-ended Fault Diagnosis of Flexible DC Grid Based on Swin Transformer

YANG Junhao¹(), WEI Yanfang¹^,²(), WANG Peng³(), WANG Xiaowei⁴(), ZENG Zhihui¹()

1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, Henan Province, China
2. Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and Control of Coal Mine Equipment(Henan Polytechnic University), Jiaozuo 454003, Henan Province, China
3. State Grid Henan Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450052, China
4. School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China

Received:2022-06-21 Online:2023-05-01 Published:2023-04-27
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(61703144)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对柔性直流电网现有故障诊断方法存在精度不高、易受过渡电阻影响、需人工整定阈值、不满足速动性等问题,提出了一种基于Swin Transformer的柔性直流电网单端量故障诊断方法。首先,采集故障时暂态电压时域数据,并且经数据处理转化为识别效果更好的二维格拉姆角场图像,用于Swin Transformer离线训练;然后,利用Swin Transformer的移动窗口提取故障特征,根据训练结果实现不同故障诊断,该方法无需人工整定阈值。最后,经过大量仿真证明所提方法的有效性,结果显示,所提方法满足速动性,能准确诊断故障,并且耐受过渡电阻及抗噪声能力强。

关键词: 柔性直流电网, swin transformer, 故障诊断, 格拉姆角场, 单端量

Abstract:

In this study, a single-ended fault diagnosis method for flexible DC power grids based on Swin Transformer is proposed to address the problems of low precision, susceptibility to transition resistance, and requiring manual input to set the threshold in the existing fault detection methods of flexible DC power grids. First, we collect the transient voltage time-domain data at fault and convert it into a two-dimensional gramian angular field(GAF) image with a better recognition effect after data processing, which is used for offline training of the Swin Transformer; Second fault features are extracted using the moving window of the Swin Transformer, and different fault diagnoses are realized according to the training results. This method does not require manual setting of the threshold. Finally, after many simulations, it is proven that the method proposed in this study satisfies the quick action requirement, can accurately diagnose faults, and has strong transition resistance and anti-noise ability.

Key words: flexible DC grid, swin transformer, fault diagnosis, Gramian angular field, single-ended

中图分类号:

TM773

杨隽豪, 韦延方, 王鹏, 王晓卫, 曾志辉. 基于Swin Transformer的柔性直流电网单端量故障诊断[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44(5): 53-60.

YANG Junhao, WEI Yanfang, WANG Peng, WANG Xiaowei, ZENG Zhihui. Single-ended Fault Diagnosis of Flexible DC Grid Based on Swin Transformer[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2023, 44(5): 53-60.

图/表 15

图1 四端MMC-HVDC系统拓扑

Fig.1 Topology of four-terminal MMC-HVDC system

图2 正极接地故障电压

Fig.2 Voltage of positive ground fault

图3 负极接地故障电压

Fig.3 Voltage of negative ground fault

图4 极间故障电压波形

Fig.4 Waveform of interpole fault voltage

图5 Swin Transformer结构图

Fig.5 Structure diagram of swin transformer

图6 Swin Transformer模块

Fig.6 Swin transformer block

图7 电压数据GADF图像

Fig.7 GADF image voltage data

图8 故障诊断流程图

Fig.8 Flow chart of fault diagnosis

表1 系统参数

Table 1 System parameters

表2 Swin Transformer训练结果

Table 2 Training results of swin transformer

图9 GADF与GASF对比结果

Fig.9 Comparison results of GADF and GASF

表3 不同过渡电阻影响

Table 3 Influence of different transition resistances

图10 添加30 dB噪声的正极电压

Fig.10 Positive voltage with 30 dB noise added

图11 不同人工智能算法对比结果

Fig.11 Comparison results of different artificial intelligence algorithms

表4 不同保护方法对比

Table 4 Comparison of different protection methods

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基于Swin Transformer的柔性直流电网单端量故障诊断

Single-ended Fault Diagnosis of Flexible DC Grid Based on Swin Transformer

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