考虑阶梯型碳交易的多负荷聚合商协同优化调度与成本分配

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2024.02.015

电力建设 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 171-182.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2024.02.015

• 电力经济研究 • 上一篇

考虑阶梯型碳交易的多负荷聚合商协同优化调度与成本分配

任洪波¹(), 王楠¹(), 吴琼¹(), 时珊珊²(), 方陈²(), 万莎²()

1.上海电力大学能源与机械工程学院,上海市 200082
2.国网上海市电力公司电力科学研究院,上海市 200437

收稿日期:2022-11-07 出版日期:2024-02-01 发布日期:2024-01-28
通讯作者: 任洪波(1982),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为综合能源系统优化与管理,E-mail:tjrhb@163.com。
作者简介:王楠(1998),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为综合能源系统优化调度,E-mail:wnanwangn@163.com;
吴琼(1987),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为分布式能源与综合能源系统优化决策,E-mail:wuqiongrff@163.com;
时珊珊(1983),女,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力系统分析,E-mail:shanshanshi@163.com;
方陈(1982),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力系统优化,E-mail:chenfang@163.com;
万莎(1987),女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为电力系统分析,E-mail:shawan@163.com。
基金资助:
国家电网公司总部科技项目(52094021000C)

Collaborative Optimal Scheduling and Cost Allocation of Multiload Aggregator Considering Ladder-Type Carbon Trading

REN Hongbo¹(), WANG Nan¹(), WU Qiong¹(), SHI Shanshan²(), FANG Chen²(), WAN Sha²()

1. College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200082, China
2. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200437, China

Received:2022-11-07 Published:2024-02-01 Online:2024-01-28
Supported by:
Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(52094021000C)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

可再生能源的大规模渗透给电力系统的稳定运行带来极大挑战。在供需两侧双重不确定性叠加驱动下,基于终端柔性负荷的需求响应资源亟待挖掘。考虑不同类型用户负荷差异化特性,引入基于合作共赢的多类型负荷聚合商,基于异类负荷响应行为互补特点参与电力系统灵活调度;同时,赋予各负荷聚合商碳交易集成商的双重身份进入碳交易市场,采用预测电负荷法为系统无偿分配碳排放配额,构建奖惩阶梯型碳交易模型。以多个负荷聚合商合作联盟运营成本之和最小为目标,构建多聚合商间交互合作的日前优化模型并进行求解;引入合作博弈Shapley值法,根据各参与者对合作联盟运营的贡献度,进行成本分摊。结果表明,合作运营机制下,联盟整体和个体的运营成本及碳排放量均大幅降低。

关键词: 需求响应, 碳交易, 负荷聚合商, 成本分配, 合作博弈

Abstract:

The large-scale penetration of renewable energy sources poses significant challenges to the stable operation of power systems. Driven by double uncertainties on both the supply and demand sides, demand response resources based on terminal flexible loads need to be explored. Considering the load differentiation characteristics of different types of users, multitype load aggregators based on cooperation and win-win were introduced. Flexible dispatching of the power system was performed based on the complementary characteristics of the heterogeneous load response behaviors. Moreover, each load aggregator was assigned the dual status of a carbon trading integrator to enter the carbon trading market. A carbon trading model based on a reward-punishment ladder was constructed using the electricity load forecasting method to allocate carbon emission quotas for a system free of charge. Based on this, to minimize the sum of the operating costs of a cooperative alliance of multiple load aggregators, a pre-day optimization model of the interaction and cooperation among multiple aggregators was developed and solved. The Shapley value method was introduced for the cooperative game, and the cost was shared according to the contribution of each participant to the operation of the cooperative alliance. The results show that the overall and individual operational costs and the carbon emissions of the alliance are significantly reduced under the cooperative operation mechanism.

Key words: demand response, carbon trading, load aggregator, cost allocation, cooperative game

中图分类号:

TM73

任洪波, 王楠, 吴琼, 时珊珊, 方陈, 万莎. 考虑阶梯型碳交易的多负荷聚合商协同优化调度与成本分配[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45(2): 171-182.

REN Hongbo, WANG Nan, WU Qiong, SHI Shanshan, FANG Chen, WAN Sha. Collaborative Optimal Scheduling and Cost Allocation of Multiload Aggregator Considering Ladder-Type Carbon Trading[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2024, 45(2): 171-182.

图/表 15

图1 LA运营架构

Fig.1 Operating structure of LA

图2 碳交易价格与碳交易量关系

Fig.2 Relationship between carbon trading price and carbon trading volume

图3 多个LA非合作和合作联盟运营示意图

Fig.3 Image of non-cooperative and cooperative operations of multiple LAs

表1 能源价格参数

Table 1 Energy price parameters

表2 碳交易参数设定

Table 2 Carbon trading parameter setting

表3 负荷削减合同参数

Table 3 Load shedding contract parameters

表4 可转移负荷参数

Table 4 Transferable load parameters

表5 可平移负荷参数

Table 5 Shiftable load parameters

表6 分布式发电单元运行参数

Table 6 Operating parameters of distributed generation units

图4 2种运营模式下的运行策略对比

Fig.4 Comparison of operation strategies under two operation modes

图5 2种运营模式下的需求响应策略对比

Fig.5 Comparison of demand response strategies under two operation models

图6 2种运营模式下的碳交易策略对比

Fig.6 Comparison of carbon trading strategies under two operating models

表7 不同运营模式下联盟整体成本对比

Table 7 Comparison of overall affiliate costs under different operating models 元

表8 潜在联盟策略边际贡献度分析

Table 8 Analysis of the marginal contribution of potential alliance strategies

表9 各运营模式成本分析

Table 9 Cost analysis of each operation mode 元

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考虑阶梯型碳交易的多负荷聚合商协同优化调度与成本分配

Collaborative Optimal Scheduling and Cost Allocation of Multiload Aggregator Considering Ladder-Type Carbon Trading

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