面向算力-电力-热力协同的术语及标准体系初探

王永真; 韩艺博; 郭凯; 韩恺; 韩特; 范俊秋

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.04.007

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电力建设 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4) : 71-83. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.04.007

面向算力与电力协同低碳优化关键技术·栏目主持康重庆、杜尔顺、戴璟、陆海峰、程志江、王永真、丁肇豪、董朝武·

面向算力-电力-热力协同的术语及标准体系初探

王永真 ¹^,² ,
韩艺博 ¹ ,
郭凯 ³ ,
韩恺 ¹^,² ,
韩特 ⁴^,⁵ ,
范俊秋 ⁶^,⁷

作者信息 +

A Preliminary Exploration on the Terminology and Standard System for Computing Power-Electricity-Heat Synergy

WANG Yongzhen ¹^,² ,
HAN Yibo ¹ ,
GUO Kai ³ ,
HAN Kai ¹^,² ,
HAN Te ⁴^,⁵ ,
FAN Junqiu ⁶^,⁷

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】随着数据中心能耗的不断增长以及可再生电力的快速渗透，算力-电力-热力的协同能够打破算、电、热各环节烟囱式发展的现状，助推数据中心和新型能源系统的高质量可持续发展。但是，算力-电力-热力协同体系建设与标准的制定缺乏规范和指导，在一定程度上有碍于提升数据中心的能源利用效率和协同优化水平。【方法】文章分析了数据中心算力-电力-热力协同体系的研究和建设现状，总结现有术语的不足之处，并从通用术语、集成优化术语、评价术语等方面给出了部分算力-电力-热力协同的要点术语示例。【结果】结果表明，数据中心算力-电力-热力协同正处于初步探索阶段，应做好多行业主体交叉下协同术语的规范性工作。【结论】文章构建了算力-电力-热力协同标准体系，主要包含基础标准、业务标准与服务标准三方面，以期能够有效指导数据中心与电网、热网的深度协作，推动能源多元化、集约化利用，并对算力-电力-热力协同标准化工作的推进提供参考与建议。

Abstract

[Objective] As the energy consumption of data centers continues to grow and renewable electricity rapidly penetrates the market， the synergy between computing power， electricity， and heat can break the siloed development of these sectors， thereby promoting the high-quality and sustainable development of data centers and novel energy systems. However， the construction of a coordinated system and the formulation of standards for computing power， electricity， and heat lack regulation and guidance， which hinders the enhancement of energy utilization efficiency and coordinated optimization levels in data centers. [Methods] This study analyzes the current research and development status of computing power-electricity-heat collaborative systems in data centers. It summarizes the deficiencies of existing terminologies and provides key terminology examples related to the synergy of computing power， electricity， and heat from aspects such as general terms， integrated optimization， and evaluation terminology. [Results] The results indicate that the coordination among computing power， electricity， and heat in data centers is still in its preliminary exploratory stage， and normative work on cross-industry collaborative terminologies should be strengthened. [Conclusions] This study establishes a standard system for the coordination of computing power， electricity， and heat， which primarily includes basic， business， and service standards， with the aim of effectively guiding the deep collaboration between data centers， power grids， and district heating networks， promoting the diversified and intensive utilization of energy， and offering references and suggestions for advancing the standardization efforts in this field.

导出引用

王永真, 韩艺博, 郭凯, 等. 面向算力-电力-热力协同的术语及标准体系初探[J]. 电力建设. 2025, 46(4): 71-83 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.04.007

WANG Yongzhen, HAN Yibo, GUO Kai, et al. A Preliminary Exploration on the Terminology and Standard System for Computing Power-Electricity-Heat Synergy[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025, 46(4): 71-83 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.04.007

中图分类号： TM73

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https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.04.001

摘要

数据中心是用户侧重要的灵活性资源,通过对其合理调度与引导需求响应可有效提升数据中心对分布式可再生能源发电的就地消纳能力,进而为实现中国的“双碳”目标提供支撑。在此背景下,文章研究了促进可再生能源发电消纳的数据中心优化调度与需求响应策略。首先,考虑数据中心用能特性,建立包含数据中心能耗与用户服务质量要求的数据中心常规运行模型。接着,基于延迟容忍型工作负荷的可调度特性,提出数据中心面向用户侧的可再生能源补贴机制,以促进用户数据服务需求向可再生能源发电出力高峰时期转移。然后,引入绿色证书机制,以数据中心运行成本最小、环保效益最大为目标,建立数据中心日前最优的运行调度模型。最后,以某典型数据中心为例,对文章所提方法的可行性进行验证;仿真结果表明,所提出的数据中心优化调度与需求响应策略可以有效调动数据中心及其用户的需求响应潜力,提升数据中心对可再生能源发电的消纳能力,从而实现碳减排。

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本文引用 [2] 摘要

A data center represents an important flexible resource on the user side. Through reasonable scheduling and motivating demand response, the capability of the data center to accommodate the power generation from distributed renewable energy sources (RESs) can be effectively improved, which is conducive for achieving the specified “dual carbon” target in China. In this paper, the optimal dispatch and demand response strategies for a data center are addressed to promote the accommodation of the power generation from RESs. Firstly, considering the load characteristics of the data center, a conventional data center operation model including the power demand profile and quality of service (QoS) is established. Then, according to the schedulable characteristics of delay-tolerant workloads, a renewable energy subsidy mechanism is proposed for the data center to motivate the shift of the user data service demand to the peak power generation period of RESs. Then, on the basis of the green certificate (GC) mechanism, with the objective of minimizing the operating cost of the data center and maximizing environmental benefits, an optimal dispatch model of the data center is presented. Finally, a typical data center is employed to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the presented method. Simulation results show that the presented method can effectively explore the demand response potential of the data center and its users, enhance the accommodation capability for power generation from RESs, and hence reduce carbon emission.

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