现代智慧配电网发展方向与关键技术框架研究

娄奇鹤; 李彦斌; 王登政; 肖智宏; 韩柳; 高星乐

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.007

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电力建设 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 69-83. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.007

智能电网

现代智慧配电网发展方向与关键技术框架研究

娄奇鹤 ¹ ,
李彦斌 ¹ ,
王登政 ² ,
肖智宏 ³ ,
韩柳 ³ ,
高星乐 ³^,⁴

作者信息 +

Framework for the Development Direction and Key Technologies of Modern Smart Distribution Networks

LOU Qihe ¹ ,
LI Yanbin ¹ ,
WANG Dengzheng ² ,
XIAO Zhihong ³ ,
HAN Liu ³ ,
GAO Xingle ³^,⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】随着“双碳”目标的驱动与新型能源体系建设的深化，以分布式电源、电动汽车和可控用户侧资源为代表的新型源荷发展迅速，占比达到新高度。新型源荷功率的波动性和随机性对配电网的安全运行和灵活调控提出了新的挑战，迫切要求配电网向现代升级、向智慧升级。【方法】针对现代智慧配电网发展面临的形势要求，分析了现代智慧配电网具备的内涵特征，阐述了配电网的智慧化需求及发展重点。针对配电网建设的多样性和差异化特点，结合微电网协调发展、充电设施高效承载、新型储能高效利用、城乡配电网升级、源网荷储高效协同五个典型场景，对传统配电网向现代智慧升级的关键技术进行了探讨。围绕现代智慧配电网的内涵特征和发展重点，对未来配电网的技术发展方向和建设重点进行了展望。【结果】配电网亟需通过高质量发展建设，升级为“现代智慧配电网”，全面提高配电网安全供电保障能力、清洁能源消纳能力、多元负荷承载能力、优化配置资源能力。【结论】现代智慧配电网作为新型电力系统的重要组成部分，具备新型电力系统全部要素，将持续承接新要素的广泛接入、承载新业态新模式的蓬勃发展。

Abstract

[Objective] Driven by the “dual carbon” goal and the ongoing development of new energy systems， renewable sources and novel loads—such as distributed generation， electric vehicles， and controllable user-side resources—have expanded rapidly， reaching unprecedented levels. The fluctuation and randomness of these new energy sources and loads pose significant challenges for the safe operation and flexible regulation of distribution networks. Consequently， there is an urgent need to modernize and enhance the intelligence of the distribution networks. [Methods] This study analyzes the characteristics and underlying principles of modern smart distribution networks and outlines the intelligence requirements and development priorities for these networks. Given the diversity in distribution network construction， the key technologies for upgrading conventional distribution networks to modern and intelligent systems are explored across five representative scenarios： coordinated microgrid development； efficient integration of charging facilities； optimal utilization of new energy storage technologies； modernization of urban and rural distribution networks； and seamless coordination of generation， network， load， and storage. Based on these connotations， characteristics， and development priorities of modern smart distribution networks， the technical development trajectory and construction priorities for future distribution networks are forecasted. [Results] It is imperative to upgrade the distribution network to a “modern smart distribution network” via high-quality development and construction. Such upgrades will significantly enhance the network’s capability to ensure reliable power supply， support clean energy consumption， accommodate diverse loads， and optimize resource allocation. [Conclusions] As an critical element of the new power system， the modern intelligent distribution network integrates all fundamental components of the new power system. It will continue to facilitate the seamless integration of emerging technologies and foster the development of novel business structures and operational models.

导出引用

娄奇鹤, 李彦斌, 王登政, 等. 现代智慧配电网发展方向与关键技术框架研究[J]. 电力建设. 2025, 46(5): 69-83 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.007

LOU Qihe, LI Yanbin, WANG Dengzheng, et al. Framework for the Development Direction and Key Technologies of Modern Smart Distribution Networks[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025, 46(5): 69-83 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.007

中图分类号： TM72

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摘要

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The wide promotion and application of new-energy vehicles, especially electric ones, has resulted in huge charging demands. However, owing to the unreasonable planning of some charging stations, the spatial layout and service capacity of charging stations do not match the actual charging demands, and the coexistence of a low utilization rate of charging stations and inconvenient charging for users has become a significant problem in the electric vehicle industry. Reasonable location and deployment planning of charging stations is essential to optimize the usage and charging experience of electric vehicles, alleviate the “mileage anxiety” of users, improve the utilization rate of charging piles, and optimize the urban transportation and power grid network. This problem must also be solved in the field of intelligent transportation. To provide a more comprehensive overview of the problem, the development, types, and standards of charging stations are reviewed, and the charging demand estimation and prediction methods used on the “vehicle side” “ and “station side” are described. Then, charging station planning methods are analyzed from the perspectives of siting, sizing, and solutions. Research results on multiobjective, multiconstraint, and multiperiod covering models and flow-based models, as well as their application to simulation networks and actual city environments, are listed. Finally, existing problems in current research, including the accuracy of charging demand estimation and the match of charging stations to demands, are summarized. The coordinated planning for orderly charging guidance, new energy consumption, and “cut peak and fill valley” of the grid to make full use of the characteristics of distributed energy storage and flexible charging and discharging of electric vehicles in the era of vehicle-pile-road-grid interconnection is also discussed.

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.01.009

摘要

“零停电”“零闪动”的背后是新时代一流城市配电网的坚强保障。为了高度匹配新型电力系统通信需求，解决业务接入难点问题，从城市配电网通信现状的局限性角度出发，技术上以5G网络的超高带宽（eMBB）、高可靠超低时延（uRLLC）、超大规模连接（mMTC）三大特点为基础，结合5G切片技术，构建配电自动化、差动保护、精准负控等专属网络应用场景，归纳其关键通信需求，使其管理更灵活、高效、经济与安全。根据部署的3种通信组网数据对比，电力5G切片给电网带来的经济效益更大，从技术应用和经济效益2个层面论证电力5G切片赋能城市配电网的可行性。

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.01.009

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A cutting-edge municipal distribution network is the powerful backing of "zero power outage" and "zero flash". Considering the limitations of current municipal distribution networks，5G network technology offering three generic services， ultra-high bandwidth（eMBB）， ultra-reliable and ultra-low delay（uRLLC） and ultra-large scale connection （mMTC）， is taken to support the upgrading of new power system's communication needs and to solve the difficulties in service access. Special network application scenarios such as distribution automation， differential protection and precise negative control are constructed based on 5G slicing technology. Key requirements for communication are summarized to make the network management more flexible， efficient， economical and secure. According to the comparison of the data from three deployed communication networks， the economic benefits brought by the 5G slice to the power grid is more prominent. The feasibility of the 5G-enabled municipal distribution network is verified from technical applications and economic benefits.

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