超低频振荡频率动态特性分析与多机GPSS参数设计方法

曾丕江; 许昊; 叶鹏举; 郑超; 赛翔羽; 陈刚; 赵勇; 江出阳; 甘德强

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.015

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电力建设 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 170-182. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.015

新能源与储能

超低频振荡频率动态特性分析与多机GPSS参数设计方法

曾丕江 ¹ ,
许昊 ² ,
叶鹏举 ² ,
郑超 ¹ ,
赛翔羽 ¹ ,
陈刚 ³ ,
赵勇 ³ ,
江出阳 ³ ,
甘德强 ²

作者信息 +

Frequency Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation and Multi-Machine GPSS Parameter Tuning Method

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】随着电力系统整体惯量的降低，频率稳定问题愈加突出。为更好地分析新型电力系统的频率稳定性和调节性能，提出了一种针对超低频振荡的频率动态特性分析方法，并给出了多机调速器侧电力系统稳定器（governor power system stabilizer， GPSS）参数设计方法，以提高频率稳定与调节性能。【方法】所提方法从频域角度，推导了一个综合考虑电力系统稳定性与频率调节性能的频率特性分析模型。首先，基于转子回路推导出频率特性分析模型，并证明模型的分配向量元素常值及转速响应函数矩阵近似全等性质。然后，利用这一性质对模型进行简化，得到一个超低频振荡低维动态分析模型，最后基于该模型构建了一种多机GPSS参数设计方法。【结果】将所提出的频率动态分析模型应用于实际电力系统中，结合矢量裕度分析，揭示了GPSS抑制超低频振荡的机理。通过IEEE 4机11节点算例验证了分配向量和转速响应函数性质以及模型的正确性；10机39节点算例和云南电网等值算例的时域仿真和矢量裕度结果验证了GPSS参数设计方法的有效性。【结论】所提频率动态特性分析方法及简化模型为工程中常用的统一频率模型提供了理论依据，为电力系统频率稳定性分析提供了新的工具，对提高新型电力系统的频率调节能力具有重要意义。结合GPSS参数整定方法，实现了对超低频振荡的有效抑制，增强电力系统的稳定性与调节性能。

Abstract

[Objective] The growing concern over frequency stability is attributed to the decreasing overall inertia of power systems. To improve the analysis of frequency stability and performance of modern power systems， a frequency dynamic characteristic analysis method for ultralow frequency oscillations is proposed， in addition to a multimachine governor power system stabilizer （GPSS） parameter tuning method aimed at enhancing the frequency regulation performance. [Methods] The proposed method developed a frequency characteristic analysis model that integrates power system stability and frequency regulation performance from the frequency-domain perspective. Initially， a model was derived based on the rotor circuit， thereby demonstrating the properties of constant distribution vector elements and the approximate congruence of the speed response function matrix. Subsequently， leveraging these properties， the model was simplified to form a low-dimensional dynamic framework for analyzing ultralow-frequency oscillations. Finally， a parameter-tuning method for multimachine GPSS was developed based on this model. [Results] The proposed frequency dynamic analysis model was applied to practical power systems， and the GPSS mechanism for suppressing ultralow-frequency oscillations was revealed via vector margin analysis. The validity of the distribution vector and speed response function properties， as well as the overall model were validated using an IEEE 4-machine 11-node case study. The effectiveness of the GPSS parameter tuning method was validated via time-domain simulations and vector margin assessments for both a 10-machine 39-node system and an equivalent model of the Yunnan power grid. [Conclusions] The proposed frequency dynamic characteristic analysis method and its simplified model provide a theoretical foundation for the widely employed unified frequency models in engineering. This approach provides a novel tool for frequency stability analysis of power systems and is of great significance for advancing the frequency regulation capabilities of modern grids. Furthermore， the GPSS parameter-tuning method facilitates effective suppression of ultra-low-frequency oscillations， thereby enhancing the stability and performance of power systems.

导出引用

曾丕江, 许昊, 叶鹏举, 等. 超低频振荡频率动态特性分析与多机GPSS参数设计方法[J]. 电力建设. 2025, 46(5): 170-182 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.015

ZENG Pijiang, XU Hao, YE Pengju, et al. Frequency Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation and Multi-Machine GPSS Parameter Tuning Method[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025, 46(5): 170-182 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.05.015

中图分类号： TM712

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摘要

双馈变速抽水蓄能机组具有运行范围宽、功率调节速度快并能兼顾发电、抽水工况最优效率的优点,同时也赋予了其运行工况多、工况转换频繁的特点。然而,现有双馈变速抽蓄的仿真建模仅以单一发电或抽水工况为主,并未充分体现变速抽蓄工况转换的特性和优势。因此,文章建立了可在发电与抽水工况间转换的双馈变速抽水蓄能机组机电暂态模型。该模型不仅可以在稳态运行时实现有功无功解耦控制和最佳导叶开度及最优转速的跟踪,还可以平滑地实现发电工况和抽水工况下的转换过渡过程。基于Matlab/Simulink建立了双馈变速抽水蓄能机电暂态模型,以停机、发电、抽水等工况间转换等场景为例,仿真验证了所建模型的有效性和正确性。

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https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.10.005

本文引用 [1] 摘要

Doubly-fed variable-speed pumped storage units have the advantages of a wide operating range and fast power regulation speed, combined with the optimal efficiency for power generation and pumping conditions. It is also characterized by multiple operating conditions and frequent switching of the operating conditions. However, the existing simulation modeling of doubly-fed variable-speed pumping storage focuses only on a single power generation or pumping condition, which does not fully reflect the characteristics and advantages of a variable-speed pumping storage unit with respect to its operating condition conversion. Therefore, an electromechanical transient model of a doubly-fed variable-speed pumped storage unit is established, which can be switched between the generation and pumping conditions. The model can not only realize active and reactive power decoupling control and tracking of the optimal vane opening and speed in steady-state operation but also smoothly realize the transition process between the power generation and pumping conditions. First, a doubly-fed variable-speed pumped-storage electromechanical transient model is established using MATLAB/Simulink. Second, a simulation method is proposed to realize the conversion of the variable-speed pumping storage between shutdown, power generation, and pumping conditions according to different active power dispatching objectives. Finally, simulation results verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed model.

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