虚拟同步机混合储能系统直流电压补偿及防越限控制策略

吕世轩; 王伟; 杨冬冬; 刘宗伟; 郑丽君

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.08.012

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电力建设 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8) : 129-137. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.08.012

新能源与储能

虚拟同步机混合储能系统直流电压补偿及防越限控制策略

吕世轩 ¹ ,
王伟 ¹ ,
杨冬冬 ¹ ,
刘宗伟 ² ,
郑丽君 ²

作者信息 +

DC Voltage Compensation and Anti-overlimit Control Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage System of Virtual Synchronous Generator

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】针对基于直流电压-电网频率耦合控制的虚拟同步机混合储能系统功率分配方法在电网频率剧烈波动时，其惯量功率模拟精度及惯量支撑能力下降问题，提出了直流电压补偿及防越限控制策略。【方法】防越限控制策略利用双曲正切函数的渐近性限制直流电压最大偏差，并通过设计线性度修正系数以保证直流电压与电网频率的耦合线性度。直流电压补偿控制策略利用高通滤波器补偿电压偏差，通过分析滤波器截止频率对直流电压恢复时间和惯量模拟精度的影响，选择最佳截止频率。【结果】最后，基于RTDS实时仿真平台进行验证，实验结果表明所提控制策略不仅可以确保直流电压在电网频率骤降时不超出安全范围，还能使直流电压随电网频率变化后逐渐恢复至其额定值。【结论】所提直流电压补偿及防越限控制策略能够保障虚拟同步机具有良好的惯量功率模拟精度及惯量支撑能力。

Abstract

[Objective] This study addresses the issue of declining inertia power simulation accuracy and inertia support capability of the hybrid energy storage system based on DC voltage-grid frequency coupling control during severe fluctuations in grid frequency； a strategy involving DC voltage compensation and anti-overlimit control is proposed. [Methods] The anti-overlimit control strategy utilizes the asymptotic nature of a hyperbolic tangent function to limit the maximum deviation of the DC voltage，and a linear correction coefficient is designed to ensure coupling linearity between the DC voltage and grid frequency. The DC voltage compensation control strategy employs a high-pass filter to compensate for the voltage deviations. The optimal cutoff frequency is determined by analyzing the influence of the filter cutoff frequency on the DC voltage recovery time and inertia simulation accuracy. The proposed control strategies are validated using an RTDS real-time simulation platform. [Results] Experimental results demonstrated that these control strategies prevented the DC voltage from exceeding the safe range during rapid grid frequency decline and gradually restored it to its rated value with variations in the grid frequency. [Conclusions] The proposed control strategy ensures that the virtual synchronous machine has good accuracy in the power simulation of inertia and inertia support capability.

导出引用

吕世轩, 王伟, 杨冬冬, 等. 虚拟同步机混合储能系统直流电压补偿及防越限控制策略[J]. 电力建设. 2025, 46(8): 129-137 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.08.012

LÜ Shixuan, WANG Wei, YANG Dongdong, et al. DC Voltage Compensation and Anti-overlimit Control Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage System of Virtual Synchronous Generator[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025, 46(8): 129-137 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.08.012

中图分类号： TM712

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摘要

 摘要：为了解决分布式电源渗透率升高对电力系统稳定性的影响问题，国内外学者提出了虚拟同步发电机的控制策略，将同步发电机的转动惯量和阻尼特性引入到传统的逆变器控制中，提升了分布式电源的并网友好性。该文提出了虚拟同步发电机中蓄电池和超级电容混合储能系统的功率分配方法，对关键参数的整定进行了分析。搭建Matlab/Simulink仿真模型，分析了负载恒定、阶跃突变和连续变化情况下直流侧混合储能系统的功率分配效果，验证了所提功率分配方案的可行性和有效性。 

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