PDF(2659 KB)
需求侧多主体基于纳什谈判的电能-灵活性资源日前交易机制
师文杰, 李华强, 陈毅鹏, 王子峣, 高璐瑶, 臧天磊
电力建设 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9) : 174-189.
PDF(2659 KB)
PDF(2659 KB)
需求侧多主体基于纳什谈判的电能-灵活性资源日前交易机制
Day-Ahead Trading Mechanism of Multi-Subject Electricity-Flexible Resources on Demand-Side Based on Nash Negotiation
【目的】随着需求侧分布式风电的大规模接入，电力系统对需求侧灵活性资源进行多元化发展的需求不断提升。然而，这类资源往往容量较小且分布分散，依靠现有的市场机制难以对其进行有效利用。【方法】针对需求侧各类典型资源，提出一种基于纳什谈判的电能-灵活性资源联合市场日前交易机制。首先，各市场主体在电能交易部分依据纳什谈判模型确定电能交易初始计划，再结合灵活性资源供需平衡情况，判断是否需开展灵活性资源交易。随后，在灵活性资源交易阶段，提出灵活性资源的报量、报价原则，并基于纳什谈判模型确定灵活性资源交易计划。最后，根据电能与灵活性资源间的容量耦合关系，修正电能交易计划，形成最终联合交易计划。【结果】在需求侧多类型资源参与的市场中，算例结果表明该机制能够有效提高并协调多方主体效益，合理分配在加入灵活性资源交易后的市场收益，且对灵活性资源定价相较于传统方法更加合理。【结论】提出的基于纳什谈判的电能-灵活性资源联合市场日前交易机制，能够有效解决分布式风电接入带来的灵活性资源需求问题以及需求侧资源分散、容量小带来的交易困难问题，提升需求侧资源参与市场的积极性，也为灵活性资源的市场化发展方向提供了理论支撑。
[Objective] With the large-scale integration of distributed wind power on the demand side， power systems are placing an increasing demand on diversified and flexible demand-side resources. However， these resources are typically small in capacity and geographically dispersed， making it difficult to utilize them effectively through existing market mechanisms. [Methods] To address this issue， this study proposes a day-ahead combined electricity-flexible resource market trading mechanism based on the Nash negotiation model for typical demand-side resources. First， in the electricity-trading stage， each market participant determines their initial electricity-trading plan using a Nash negotiation model. Based on the supply-demand balance of flexible resources， we then assess whether flexibility trading is necessary. In the flexibility trading stage， bidding quantity and pricing principles for flexibility resources are proposed， and the corresponding trading plans are derived using the Nash negotiation model. Finally， considering the capacity-coupling relationship between electricity and flexible resources， electricity trading plans are updated to form the final combined market trading schedule. [Results] A case study of a market involving multiple types of demand-side resources the proposed mechanism effectively enhanced and coordinated the benefits for multiple market participants. It achieved a reasonable allocation of market benefits after flexible resources are introduced and provided a more rational pricing mechanism for flexible resources than conventional methods. [Conclusions] The proposed day-ahead combined electricity-flexible resources market trading mechanism based on Nash negotiation effectively addresses the increased flexibility demands caused by the integration of distributed wind power， as well as the trading challenges posed by the small capacity and scattered distribution of demand-side flexible resources. It also increases the enthusiasm of demand-side resources to participate in the market and offers theoretical support for the market-oriented development of flexible resources.
flexible resources / demand-side market / Nash negotiation / combined market
| [1] |
马文祚, 夏周武. 考虑新能源不确定性的电网运营商多时间尺度鲁棒交易[J]. 山东电力技术, 2024, 51(8): 49-58.
|
| [2] |
李建林, 梁策, 张则栋, 等. 新型电力系统下储能政策及商业模式分析[J]. 高压电器, 2023, 59(7): 104-116.
|
| [3] |
赵倩宇, 王璐洋, 王守相. 新型配电系统灵活性及其评价指标综述[J]. 供用电, 2024, 41(8): 35-44.
|
| [4] |
高洪超, 陈启鑫, 金泰, 等. 考虑虚拟电厂灵活调节特性的现货市场出清模型及灵活性溢价评估方法[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(1): 194-207.
|
| [5] |
吴任博, 刘淑琴. 考虑市场交易的新型电力系统调度辅助决策方法研究[J]. 电测与仪表, 2023, 60(11): 81-89.
|
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
武昭原, 周明, 王剑晓, 等. 双碳目标下提升电力系统灵活性的市场机制综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(21): 7746-7763.
|
| [9] |
李宏仲, 魏静怡, 吕勇荡. 考虑储能与新能源双边交易的日前市场报价策略[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46(12): 4843-4851.
|
| [10] |
胡晓静, 李慧, 崔晖, 等. 考虑灵活爬坡辅助服务和弃风惩罚的现货电能量市场出清模型[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2024, 52(4): 133-143.
|
| [11] |
王玲玲, 刘恋, 张锞, 等. 电力系统灵活调节服务与市场机制研究综述[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46(2): 442-452.
|
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
仪忠凯, 许银亮, 吴文传. 考虑虚拟电厂多类电力产品的配电侧市场出清策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(22): 143-151.
|
| [14] |
钟佳宇, 陈皓勇, 陈武涛, 等. 含灵活性资源交易的电力市场实时出清[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(3): 1032-1041.
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
杨昆, 刘通, 柏林, 等. 基于谈判博弈的微电网群多主体共享储能容量优化配置策略[J]. 电测与仪表, 2024, 61(3): 33-41.
|
| [17] |
莫宇鸿. 基于不确定性定价的新能源电力系统运行灵活性评估与提升策略研究[D]. 南宁: 广西大学, 2021.
|
| [18] |
关颖聪, 刘明波, 雷振兴. 考虑与集中市场协同的本地点对点交易双层优化模型[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(5): 54-60.
|
| [19] |
李相俊, 马会萌, 李焓宁. 电力市场环境下新型储能规划与控制方法综述及展望[J]. 供用电, 2024, 41(8): 54-64.
|
| [20] |
|
| [21] |
许高秀, 邓晖, 房乐, 等. 考虑需求侧灵活性资源参与的国内外电力辅助服务市场机制研究综述[J]. 浙江电力, 2022, 41(9): 3-13.
|
| [22] |
胡嘉骅, 文福拴, 马莉, 等. 电力系统运行灵活性与灵活调节产品[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(4): 70-80.
间歇性可再生能源发电大量接入电力系统对系统运行灵活性提出了很高的要求。为解决实时调度中系统爬坡和滑坡能力不足问题，美国的一些独立系统运行机构（independent system operator， ISO）提出了一种新的电力市场产品——灵活调节产品（flexible ramping product， FRP），即通过预留额外的灵活性容量来满足系统可能的爬坡和滑坡需求，从而提高系统运行灵活性以便应对多种运行情况。首先，介绍电力系统运行灵活性的基本概念和相关问题，指出在任意时间尺度和多种复杂运行情况下能够保证供需平衡是系统具备高灵活性的重要特征之一，并分析了高比例可再生能源发电接入对系统运行灵活性的影响；接着，介绍灵活调节产品的基本概念、产品特点、定价机制和出清模型，并将其与现有的一些辅助服务进行比较；之后，通过2个算例直观展示灵活调节产品在提高电力系统运行灵活性方面的作用；最后，概述灵活调节产品的研究现状，并对未来灵活调节产品的研究进行展望。
With the ever-increasing penetration of intermittent renewable energy generation， the operation flexibility of a given power system is more and more demanded. To address the issue of insufficient upward and downward ramping capability in real-time dispatch， flexible ramping product （FRP） has been proposed and initially implemented by some independent system operators （ISOs） in the United States as a new market design. The main function of FRP is to explore flexible capability from dispatchable resources so as to meet potential upward and downward ramping requirements， and thus to enhance power system operation flexibility for effectively responding to various operation conditions. The basic concepts and related subjects of power system operation flexibility are first clarified， and it is pointed out that the ability to maintain the balance between power supply and power demand at all time scales under credible complex scenarios is one of the important characteristics of strong operation flexibility. Besides， the impacts of high penetration of intermittent renewable energy generation on power system operation flexibility are examined. FRP is then introduced with the focuses on basic concepts， main characteristics， pricing mechanism and clearing models， and comparisons with the existing ancillary services are made as well. Furthermore， two case studies are served for demonstrating the implementation of FRP in enhancing power system operation flexibility. Finally， the current research status of FRP is outlined， and prospects on FRP-related subjects to be studied presented.
|
| [23] |
杨修宇, 刘沛烨, 孙勇, 等. 考虑灵活性需求演化规律的灵活性资源动态规划方法[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44(9): 3-12.
随着可再生能源装机规模快速增长,灵活性需求规律随之转变,同时电化学储能等灵活性资源技术、经济性也随之改善。如何在规划中兼顾灵活性需求演化规律与储能技术发展对提升系统灵活性与经济性至关重要。为此,文章开展了考虑灵活性需求演化规律的灵活性资源动态规划方法相关研究。首先,分析了可再生能源渗透率增长与灵活性供需间演化关系,揭示了多阶段灵活性资源规划的原理及影响因素;然后,考虑灵活性需求演化规律与储能技术经济性持续改善,构建了多阶段灵活性资源优化配置模型,并给出了模型的求解思路;最后在算例中兼顾未来储能技术经济性持续改善与火电机组逐步退出的双重成本,验证了多阶段灵活性资源优化配置方法的可行性和有效性,为未来风电的协调发展提供了指导性的建议。
With the rapid growth of renewable energy installation capacity, the law for flexibility of demand changes, and the economy of flexible resources improve alongside technology, as in electrochemical energy storage. The method of balancing the evolution of flexibility requirements and development of energy storage technology during planning, is crucial in improving system flexibility and economy. Therefore, this study conducts research on the dynamic planning method of flexible resources, considering the evolution law on flexibility of demand. First, the evolutionary relationship between renewable energy penetration growth and flexible supply and demand is analyzed, and the principle and influencing factors of multi-stage flexible resource planning are revealed. Then, considering the evolution law on flexibility of demand and the continuous improvements in energy storage technology economy, a multi-stage flexible resource optimization allocation model is constructed to offer a solution. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the multi-stage flexible resource optimization allocation method are verified by example, considering the continuous improvement of energy storage technology economy and the gradual withdrawal of thermal power units, which provides guidance for the coordinated development of wind power in the future. |
| [24] |
吴静. 分布式资源聚合虚拟电厂多维交易优化模型研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021.
|
| [25] |
邓靖微, 李华强, 温丰瑞, 等. 计及虚拟电厂市场交易的主动配电网两阶段优化调度[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(9): 22-31.
目前,虚拟电厂与主动配电网的耦合联系进一步加深,针对含有虚拟电厂市场主体的主动配电网优化调度问题,有必要研究系统内多种灵活性资源与虚拟电厂中不确定性因素在不同时间阶段的协调互动。以主动配电网综合成本最小化和虚拟电厂市场收益最大化为目标,提出一种计及虚拟电厂市场交易的主动配电网日前-实时两阶段调度方法。日前阶段,基于系统灵活性边界,构建了综合考虑网侧灵活性资源协调调度和虚拟电厂日前出清的双层优化模型;在此基础上,实时调整虚拟电厂竞标方案和主动配电网运行策略。最后,在改进IEEE 33节点系统中进行仿真试验,结果表明:所提模型可以有效提升虚拟电厂交易竞争力和配电网运行灵活性水平,可为未来电网市场化发展下的优化调度提供参考。
At present, the coupling of virtual power plant (VPP) and active distribution network (ADN) has been further deepened. Aiming at the optimal dispatching problem of ADN with VPP as a market participant, it is necessary to study the coordinated interaction between various flexible resources in ADN and uncertainty factors in VPP in different time stages. On this basis, with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive cost of ADN and maximizing the market revenue of VPP, a two-stage dispatching method for ADN considering VPP transaction is proposed. In the day-ahead stage, according to the flexibility boundary of the system, a bi-level optimization model is established considering the dispatching of flexible resources in ADN and day-ahead clearing of the VPP. On this basis, the bidding scheme of VPP and the operation strategy of ADN are adjusted in real time. Finally, an improved IEEE 33-node system is taken as an example for simulation analysis, and the results show that the proposed model can improve the market competitiveness of VPP and the operational flexibility of distribution networks both, which provides a reference for optimal dispatching under the future marketization development of power grid. |
| [26] |
田新成, 文艺林, 卢泽汉, 等. 多类型灵活资源的建模与分层式协调控制架构[J]. 分布式能源, 2024, 9(1): 10-18.
|
| [27] |
王桂兰, 卓怀宇, 卢建刚, 等. 计及信誉值的虚拟电厂多主体合作博弈交易方法[J]. 广东电力, 2024, 37(8): 26-34.
|
| [28] |
李静轩, 周明, 朱凌志, 等. 可再生能源电力系统运行灵活性需求量化及优化调度方法[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(7): 2647-2656.
|
| [29] |
闫宇露, 程瑜, 陈熙. 适应光伏高渗透接入的配电网拓扑及储荷资源协同规划[J]. 广东电力, 2024, 37(12): 50-60.
|
| [30] |
刘学, 刘硕, 于松泰, 等. 面向新型电力系统灵活性提升的调峰容量补偿机制设计[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(1): 155-163.
|
AI小编
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
AI 导读
