基于布伦特迭代算法的构网型变流器频率支撑需求动态评估

杨凯璇; 王学斌; 宋锐; 索心语; 傅国斌; 王澧森; 文云峰

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.01.003

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电力建设 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1) : 25-36. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.01.003

高比例新能源电力系统下的构网型装备关键技术·栏目主持：肖峻、李超、刘春晓、宋晨辉·

基于布伦特迭代算法的构网型变流器频率支撑需求动态评估

杨凯璇 ¹ ,
王学斌 ¹ ,
宋锐 ¹ ,
索心语 ² ,
傅国斌 ¹ ,
王澧森 ² ,
文云峰 ²

作者信息 +

Dynamic Evaluation of Frequency Support Requirements for Grid-Forming Converters Based on the Brent Iteration Algorithm

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】为提升变流器高占比系统频率稳定性，探讨了构网型（grid-forming，GFM）变流器频率支撑需求的动态评估与量化方法。【方法】首先，建立耦合GFM变流器功-频特性的多机系统频率响应模型；其次，综合考虑预想扰动下频率变化速率（rate of change of frequency，RoCoF）与最大暂态频率偏差双重约束条件，构建了GFM变流器频率支撑需求评估方法；最后，基于布伦特迭代算法实现不同运行工况下GFM变流器虚拟惯量与一次调频增益临界阈值的动态评估。基于改进的IEEE-39节点系统，开展了多场景算例测试。【结果】结果表明，GFM变流器的引入可将频率最低点提高至49.5 Hz，显著提升系统稳定性，证明了高比例电力电子化系统中配置GFM变流器的必要性。进一步对比3种算法性能，所提迭代方法平均迭代次数仅为11次，较传统方法减少20%以上，验证了所提评估方法和迭代算法的有效性。【结论】所提评估方法从系统层面明确了电网对GFM变流器频率支撑能力的需求，可为GFM变流器的优化配置与参数整定提供理论基础。

Abstract

[Objective] To enhance frequency stability in systems with a high penetration of converters，this paper investigates a dynamic evaluation and quantification method for determining the frequency support requirements of grid-forming（GFM）converters. [Methods] First，a multi-machine system frequency response model is developed by incorporating the power-frequency characteristics of coupled GFM converters. Second，considering both the rate of change of frequency（RoCoF）and the maximum transient frequency deviation under anticipated disturbances，a comprehensive assessment method is constructed to evaluate the frequency support requirements of GFM converters. Finally，based on the Brent iterative algorithm，the critical thresholds of virtual inertia and primary frequency regulation gain for GFM converters are dynamically assessed under various operating conditions. Based on the modified IEEE-39 bus system，multiple scenario-based case studies were conducted. [Conclusions] The results show that the introduction of GFM converters can raise the minimum system frequency to 49.5 Hz，significantly enhancing system stability and highlighting the necessity of deploying GFM converters in highly power-electronic systems. Furthermore，a performance comparison of three algorithms demonstrates that the proposed iterative method requires only 11 iterations on average，reducing the iteration count by over 20% compared to traditional approaches，thereby validating the effectiveness of the proposed assessment method and iterative algorithm. [Conclusions] The proposed assessment method clarifies，from a system-level perspective，the frequency support requirements imposed by the grid on GFM converters，providing a theoretical foundation for their optimal allocation and parameter tuning.

导出引用

杨凯璇, 王学斌, 宋锐, 等. 基于布伦特迭代算法的构网型变流器频率支撑需求动态评估[J]. 电力建设. 2026, 47(1): 25-36 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.01.003

YANG Kaixuan, WANG Xuebin, SONG Rui, et al. Dynamic Evaluation of Frequency Support Requirements for Grid-Forming Converters Based on the Brent Iteration Algorithm[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2026, 47(1): 25-36 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.01.003

中图分类号： TM46

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摘要

为了应对新能源惯量不足的问题，构网型储能中的虚拟同步机控制技术得到了不断发展，而其为系统提供了惯量支撑的同时也会引发系统的功率振荡，降低系统的功角稳定性。针对此问题，文章阐释了虚拟同步机惯量、阻尼参数对系统稳定性的影响机理，并提出了虚拟同步机的参数优化策略。该策略同时考虑系统的频率稳定性与小干扰稳定性，建立目标函数优化模型，以最大频率偏差最小与系统振荡模式的阻尼比之和最大为目标函数，将各控制参数的稳定区间作为约束条件，并运用带有精英策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II，NSGA-Ⅱ)求解。最后，通过仿真验证了此方法的有效性。

, WANG

Jiaming

, ZHANG

Qinglei

, et al. Parameter optimization method of grid-forming energy storage considering system frequency stability and small signal stability[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2023, 44(12): 125-135.

https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.12.011

本文引用 [1] 摘要

To deal with the problem of insufficient inertia of new energy, the control technology of virtual synchronous generators (VSG) in grid-forming energy storage has been continuously developed, which provides inertia support for the system while causing power oscillation and reducing the power angle stability of the system. To solve this problem, the mechanism of the influence of the virtual inertia and virtual damping parameters of the virtual synchronous generator on the system stability is explained, and a parameter optimization strategy is proposed for the virtual synchronous generator. This strategy simultaneously considers the frequency stability and small-signal stability of the system to establish an objective function optimization model. The objective function minimizes the maximum frequency deviation and the maximum sum of the damping ratio of the system oscillation mode. The stability interval of each control parameter is considered the constraint condition. The strategy was solved using a fast non-dominated sequencing genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) with an elite strategy. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through a simulation.

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