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计及阻尼控制的受端构网型换流器调频关键参数估测方法
Key Parameter Estimation Method for Frequency Modulation of Receiving- End Grid-Forming Converters Considering Damping Control
【目的】新能源机组采用多元控制策略，其动态响应的强非线性与参数时变特性，显著增加了等效惯量、阻尼评估的难度，提出一种计及阻尼控制的受端构网型换流器惯量和阻尼协同估测方法。【方法】首先，分析调频关键参数对各频率动态响应指标的影响。然后，提出基于最小二乘法和遗传算法的协同估测方法，同时设计一种基于P-ω导纳法的双模型对比验证方案。最后，完成了光伏经柔直并网算例的参数估测与验证。【结果】所提方法可在0.2 s内完成受端构网型换流器惯量与阻尼参数的快速估测，惯量估测误差控制在5%以内，表明该方法具有较高估测精度与工程适用性。【结论】针对构网型换流器惯量与阻尼参数估测问题展开研究，提出的估测方法及验证方案可为整个系统的调频关键参数估测以及安全稳定分析提供基础。
[Objective] Driven by the “dual carbon” goals， the installed capacity of new energy sources has grown rapidly， and the system inertia characteristics are evolving from physical inertia to virtual inertia. New energy units adopt multiple control strategies， and their strong nonlinearity of dynamic responses and time-varying parameter characteristics significantly increase the difficulty in evaluating equivalent inertia and damping parameters. Therefore， this paper proposes a coordinated estimation method for inertia and damping of receiving-end grid-forming converters considering damping control. [Methods] Firstly， the influence of key frequency modulation parameters on various frequency dynamic response indicators is analyzed. Then， a coordinated estimation method based on least squares method and genetic algorithm for sliding fitting of inertia and damping of grid-forming converters at the receiving end is proposed. Considering the difficulty in verifying the effectiveness of estimation results， a dual-model comparative verification method based on P-ω admittance method is proposed. Finally， the key parameters of frequency modulation of the grid-connected converter at the receiving end of the PV system under different working conditions are estimated， and the accuracy of the estimated results is intuitively verified， which provides an important basis for the overall estimation and safety and stability analysis of the system. [Results] Simulation estimation and verification methods show that the proposed estimation method can complete the estimation of key frequency modulation parameters of receiving-end grid-forming converters with high accuracy， and the estimation method is efficient and feasible. [Conclusions] This paper studies the estimation of inertia and damping parameters of grid-forming converters， and proposes a parameter estimation method and verification scheme. Case studies show that the proposed method can quickly estimate key parameters after disturbances with small errors， providing a basis for the estimation of key frequency modulation parameters and security and stability analysis of the entire system.
等效惯性时间常数 / 阻尼系数 / 构网型换流器 / 惯量 / 参数估测 / 柔性直流输电
equivalent inertia time constant / damping coefficient / grid-forming converter / inertia / parameter estimation / flexible DC transmission
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As the penetration rate of wind turbines increases, the power system inertia level decreases year by year. At the same time, the frequency response has partition characteristics, and it is more flexible and accurate to evaluate the power system inertia in terms of region. Therefore, a dynamic partition inertia estimation method is presented based on one-dimensional squeeze and excitation residual neural network （1D-SE-ResNet）. Firstly, the trend and value approximation of frequency distance are computed, and the k-means clustering method is used to dynamically partition the system and the number of partitions is determined by the S-C metric. Then, the 1D-ResNet is improved by adding the squeeze and excitation module, which enables it to provide weights for each channel to enhance the network performance. The regional cluster centre node frequency and frequency change rate data under different inertia levels and load perturbations of the system are collected as one-dimensional feature inputs, and the regional effective inertia is the output, training the network to achieve regional inertia estimation. Finally, simulations are carried out on the IEEE 39-node and IEEE 118- node systems containing wind power. The results show that the trained 1D-SE-ResNet can achieve accurate evaluation of regional inertia based on dynamic partitioning. |
利益冲突声明（Conflict of Interests） 所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。
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