基于数据驱动的离网微电网频率电压协同控制

黄媛; 马沛熙; 宁静波; 刘俊勇; 唐志远

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.05.010

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电力建设 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 124-132. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.05.010

调度运行

基于数据驱动的离网微电网频率电压协同控制

黄媛 ¹ ,
马沛熙 ¹ ,
宁静波 ² ,
刘俊勇 ¹ ,
唐志远 ¹

作者信息 +

Data-Driven Frequency-Voltage Cooperative Control in an Isolated Microgrid System

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】 随着微电网的快速发展，其系统频率电压安全成为亟需解决的关键问题，然而传统频率电压控制策略未考虑电压控制和频率控制之间的耦合关系，无法实现系统频率和电压的最优实时协同控制，为此提出了一种基于数据驱动的离网微电网频率电压控制方法。【方法】 通过加权最小二乘法，以递归方式实时在线近似辨识微电网系统模型；基于辨识的系统模型，结合基于反馈的近似梯度算法，利用频率-电压耦合关系，通过电压调节调整电压敏感性负载的功率，达到系统有功功率平衡，实现微电网频率和电压最优实时协同控制。【结果】 在Matlab/Simulink上搭建微电网系统并对所提方法进行仿真验证，结果表明与传统频率电压控制策略相比，所提方法能充分挖掘电压敏感性负载的调节潜力，减小微网的频率波动，系统的最大频率偏差仅为0.75%。【结论】 所提出的离网微电网频率电压控制方法充分计及了频率与电压的耦合关系，利用电压敏感负载，通过电压调节实现了系统频率与电压的实时最优控制。

Abstract

[Objective] With the rapid development of microgrids， ensuring the safety of system frequency and voltage has become a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed. However， traditional frequency and voltage control strategies fail to consider the coupling relationship between voltage control and frequency control， making it impossible to achieve optimal real-time coordinated control of system frequency and voltage. Therefore， a data-driven frequency and voltage control method for isolated microgrids is proposed. [Methods] Firstly， the microgrid system model is recursively approximated online in real-time using the weighted least squares （WLS） method. Secondly， based on the identified system model and combined with a feedback-based approximate gradient algorithm， the frequency-voltage coupling relationship is utilized. By adjusting the power of voltage-sensitive loads through voltage regulation， active power balance in the system is achieved， enabling optimal real-time coordinated control of microgrid frequency and voltage. [Results] A microgrid system is built on Matlab/Simulink to simulate and verify the proposed method， and the results show that， compared with traditional frequency and voltage control strategies， the proposed method can fully exploit the regulation potential of voltage-sensitive loads， reduce microgrid frequency fluctuations， and achieve a maximum system frequency deviation of only 0.75%. [Conclusions] The proposed frequency and voltage control method for isolated microgrid clusters fully takes into account the coupling relationship between frequency and voltage. By utilizing voltage-sensitive loads， it achieves real-time optimal control of system frequency and voltage through voltage regulation.

导出引用

黄媛, 马沛熙, 宁静波, 等. 基于数据驱动的离网微电网频率电压协同控制[J]. 电力建设. 2026, 47(5): 124-132 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.05.010

HUANG Yuan, MA Peixi, NING Jingbo, et al. Data-Driven Frequency-Voltage Cooperative Control in an Isolated Microgrid System[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2026, 47(5): 124-132 https://doi.org/10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2026.05.010

中图分类号： TM761

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摘要

频率控制是保证微网安全稳定运行的一项重要措施。在实际微网中,由于新能源出力的强波动性,微网系统参数和运行状态时刻发生变化,传统基于固定参数模型设计的频率控制策略自适应能力较差,无法实现系统频率的实时最优控制,为此提出了一种基于系统模型在线估计的微网频率预测控制方法。首先,基于实时量测数据,采用动态模式分解法,实时辨识微网系统参数,更新系统模型;其次,基于更新的系统模型,结合模型预测控制方法,设计微网频率控制策略,实现微网频率的实时最优调节;最后,在Matlab/Simulink上搭建微网系统对所提的方法进行仿真验证,结果表明所提方法能正确识别系统状态参数,并能对微网频率进行实时最优控制。

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