【目的】为准确反映负荷侧碳排放差异，完整核算系统运行生产所产生的全部碳排放量，挖掘低碳需求响应潜力，提出一种考虑电能交易间接碳排放的多能微电网低碳运行优化模型。【方法】首先基于电、热、气能流约束和多能互补需求响应特性，构建多能微电网运行优化模型；为准确反映负荷侧碳核算责任差异，基于电能交易路径进行购电间接碳排放量核算，将购电来源及路径分配纳入优化决策；进一步，建立考虑需求响应的多能微电网系统低碳运行优化模型，在MATLAB环境下，利用YALMIP工具箱进行建模，采用CPLEX求解器求解。【结果】对比不考虑间接碳排放成本的常规需求响应，系统日运行成本下降3.90%，系统总碳排放量减少552.63 kg，下降50.84%。较区域平均碳排放因子法，电能交易合约路径下系统间接碳排放量减少547.46 kg，下降44.23%。【结论】所提方法可为多能源微电网的经济低碳运行提供理论和模型参考，有效激发用户侧低碳响应积极性。

[Objective] To accurately reflect the carbon emission differences on the load side， fully account for the total carbon emissions generated during system operation， and explore the potential of low-carbon demand response， a low-carbon operation optimization model for multi-energy microgrids considering indirect carbon emissions from electricity transactions is proposed. [Methods] First， an operation optimization model of multi-energy microgrids was established based on the energy flow constraints of electricity， heat and gas， as well as the complementary demand response characteristics of multi-energy carriers. To precisely differentiate carbon accounting responsibilities among load-side entities， indirect carbon emissions from purchased electricity were quantified according to power transaction paths， and the source and path allocation of purchased power were incorporated into optimization decisions. Furthermore， a low-carbon operation optimization model for multi-energy microgrids integrating demand response was developed. The model was formulated in the MATLAB environment using the YALMIP toolbox and solved by the CPLEX solver. [Results] Compared with the conventional demand response scheme without indirect carbon emission costs， the daily system operation cost decreases by 3.90%， and the total system carbon emissions drop by 552.63 kg， representing a reduction of 50.84%. In contrast to the regional average carbon emission factor method， the indirect carbon emissions of the system under the power transaction contract path are reduced by 547.46 kg， achieving a decline of 44.23%. [Conclusions] The proposed method provides theoretical and model references for the economical and low-carbon operation of multi-energy microgrids， and effectively stimulates the enthusiasm of end-users for low-carbon response.