基于虚拟同步机控制的新能源发电并网系统小干扰稳定临界短路比

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.03.014

电力建设 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 131-140.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.03.014

基于虚拟同步机控制的新能源发电并网系统小干扰稳定临界短路比

康思伟¹(), 董文凯²(), 郭诗然¹(), 孙红军¹(), 谢小荣²()

1.中海油融风能源有限公司,上海市 200335
2.电力系统及发电设备控制与仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学电机系),北京市 100084

收稿日期:2021-07-22 出版日期:2022-03-01 发布日期:2022-03-24
通讯作者: 康思伟 E-mail:kangsw@cnooc.com.cn;596167281@qq.com;guoshr2@cnooc.com.cn;sunhj5@cnooc.com.cn;xiexr@tsinghua.edu.cn
作者简介:董文凯(1992),男,博士,博士后,主要研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定性分析与控制,E-mail: 596167281@qq.com;
郭诗然(1988),男,学士,工程师,主要从事海上风电等新能源电力系统研究与项目开发工作,E-mail: guoshr2@cnooc.com.cn;
孙红军(1981),男,学士,高级工程师,主要从事海上风电等新能源技术研发与项目开发工作,E-mail: sunhj5@cnooc.com.cn;
谢小荣(1975),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力系统振荡分析与抑制、柔性输配电系统,E-mail: xiexr@tsinghua.edu.cn。
基金资助:
中海石油(中国)有限公司科技项目(YXKY-SHANGHAI-2020-01)

Critical Short-Circuit Ratio of Small-Signal Stability for a Grid-Connected Renewable Power Generation System Based on Virtual SynchronousGenerator Control

KANG Siwei¹(), DONG Wenkai²(), GUO Shiran¹(), SUN Hongjun¹(), XIE Xiaorong²()

1. CNOOC Renewable Energy, Shanghai 200335, China
2. State Key Lab of Control andSimulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment (Deptartment of Electric Engineering,Tsinghua University), Beijing 100084, China

Received:2021-07-22 Online:2022-03-01 Published:2022-03-24
Contact: KANG Siwei E-mail:kangsw@cnooc.com.cn;596167281@qq.com;guoshr2@cnooc.com.cn;sunhj5@cnooc.com.cn;xiexr@tsinghua.edu.cn
Supported by:
Science and Technology Project of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(YXKY-SHANGHAI-2020-01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来的研究表明,电压控制型虚拟同步机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)除具备为交流系统提供频率和电压支撑的能力外,对弱电网运行条件也具有良好的适应性。为提升电压控制型虚拟同步机并网系统运行稳定性,充分发挥其优势,探讨了电压控制型虚拟同步机并网系统小干扰稳定临界短路比(critical short circuit ratio,CSCR)的确定方法及相关稳定判据。为此,首先建立了虚拟同步机并网系统小信号模型,并将其整理为两输入两输出单位负反馈系统的表示形式。然后,基于广义奈奎斯特判据,探讨了考虑电网强度作用的系统小干扰稳定判据,定义了系统小干扰稳定临界短路比,可为未来虚拟同步机并网系统规划提供指导和借鉴。最后,通过仿真算例,验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 新能源发电, 虚拟同步机(VSG), 小干扰稳定性, 电网强度, 临界短路比(CSCR)

Abstract:

Studies in recent years have shown that in addition to the ability to provide frequency and voltage support for AC system, the voltage-controlled virtual synchronous generators (VSG) are also of good adaptability to the operation conditions of weak grid. To improve the stability of a grid-connected VSG and exploit its advantages to the full, in this paper, a method to determine the critical short-circuit ratio (SCR) of the gird-connected VSG system and related stability criteria are explored considering small-signal stability (SSS). To do so, the small-signal model of a grid-connected VSG system is established and sorted into a form of negative feedback system with two-input and two-output units at first. Secondly, according to the generalized Nyquist criterion, a SSS criterion for the system considering impact of grid strength is proposed and a critical SCR is defined, which can provide guidance and reference for planning of gird-connected VSG systems in the future. Finally, methods proposed in the paper are validated through study cases.

Key words: renewable power generation, virtual synchronous generator (VSG), small-signal stability, gird strength, critical short circuit ratio (CSCR)

中图分类号:

TM61

康思伟, 董文凯, 郭诗然, 孙红军, 谢小荣. 基于虚拟同步机控制的新能源发电并网系统小干扰稳定临界短路比[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43(3): 131-140.

KANG Siwei, DONG Wenkai, GUO Shiran, SUN Hongjun, XIE Xiaorong. Critical Short-Circuit Ratio of Small-Signal Stability for a Grid-Connected Renewable Power Generation System Based on Virtual SynchronousGenerator Control[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2022, 43(3): 131-140.

图/表 18

图1 VSG并网系统示意图

Fig.1 A grid-connected VSG system

图2 VSG并网系统小信号模型

Fig.2 Small-signal model of a grid-connectedVSG system

图3 回率矩阵特征值的奈奎斯特曲线

Fig.3 Nyquist plots of eigenvalues of return ratio matrix

图4 矩阵-G(s)H(s)特征值的奈奎斯特曲线1

Fig.4 Nyquist plot 1 of eigenvalues of -G(s)H(s)

图5 矩阵-G(s)H(s)特征值的奈奎斯特曲线2

Fig.5 Nyquist plot 2 of eigenvalues of -G(s)H(s)

图6 XE减小造成VSG并网系统稳定性变化图示说明

Fig.6 Illustration on the stability variation of thegrid-connected VSG system due to the decrease of XE

图7 S0=2.0 pu时的奈奎斯特曲线(算例1)

Fig.7 Nyquist plots when S0=2.0 pu (case 1)

表1 S0=2.0 pu时VSG振荡模式计算结果(算例1)

Table 1 Computational results of oscillationmodes of the VSG when S0=2.0 pu (case 1)

图8 S0=2.0 pu时非线性仿真结果(算例1)

Fig.8 Non-linear simulation resultswhen S0=2.0 pu (case 1)

图9 S0=1.0 pu时的奈奎斯特曲线(算例1)

Fig.9 Nyquist plots when S0=1.0 pu (case 1)

表2 S0=1.0 pu时VSG振荡模式计算结果(算例1)

Table 2 Computational results of oscillation modes of theVSG when S0=1.0 pu (case 1)

图10 S0=1.0 pu时非线性仿真结果(算例1)

Fig.10 Non-linear simulation results when S0=1.0 pu (case 1)

图11 S0=2.0 pu时的奈奎斯特曲线(算例2)

Fig.11 Nyquist plots when S0=2.0 pu (case 2)

表3 S0=2.0 pu时VSG振荡模式计算结果(算例2)

Table 3 Computational results of oscillation modes of theVSG when S0=2.0 pu (case 2)

图12 S0=2.0 pu时非线性仿真结果(算例2)

Fig.12 Non-linear simulation resultswhen S0=2.0 pu (case 2)

图13 S0=1.0 pu时的奈奎斯特曲线(算例2)

Fig.13 Nyquist plots when S0=1.0 pu (case 2)

表4 S0=1.0 pu时VSG振荡模式计算结果(算例2)

Table 4 Computational results of oscillationmodes of the VSG when S0=1.0 pu (case 2)

图14 S0=1.0 pu时非线性仿真结果(算例2)

Fig.14 Non-linear simulation resultswhen S0=1.0 pu (case 2)

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基于虚拟同步机控制的新能源发电并网系统小干扰稳定临界短路比

Critical Short-Circuit Ratio of Small-Signal Stability for a Grid-Connected Renewable Power Generation System Based on Virtual SynchronousGenerator Control

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