汽封种类很多，各有特点，新型汽封替代传统汽封已成趋势。为此，探讨了梳齿式、蜂窝式、侧齿式和布莱登汽封的结构及密封原理；对不同类型汽封进行了比较；通过对国电铜陵发电有限公司2号机组改造后使用的侧齿式及蜂窝式汽封的实际运行状况的分析，阐述了不同类型汽封对汽轮机安全、经济运行的影响及节能效果。结论：采用该机组的汽封改造方案，安全性、密封性、经济性俱佳。

Various steam seals have their own features, of which new types substituting for traditional ones has already become a trend. The structures and sealing mechanisms are introduced and the steam seals compared including serrate type, cellular type, lateral teeth type and Brighton steam seals. During the reconstruction of 2 unit in the State Power Generation Co., Ltd. Tongling, the lateral teeth type and cellular type steam seals are applied, and the actual operating conditions are analyzed. Furthermore, the influences of various types of steam seals on the safe and economic operation of steam turbine and energy saving are discussed. It is shown that the safety, tightness and economy are prominent by the reconstruction of steam seals.