带恒功率负荷并联Boost DC/DC电压源组网系统稳定性分析

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.03.013

电力建设 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 122-137.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.03.013

带恒功率负荷并联Boost DC/DC电压源组网系统稳定性分析

肖朝霞¹, 李盼¹(), 朱洪驰¹, 张世荣², 曹家宁²

1.天津工业大学电气工程学院, 天津市 300387
2.天津工业大学控制科学与工程学院, 天津市 300387

收稿日期:2022-07-22 出版日期:2023-03-01 发布日期:2023-03-02
通讯作者: 李盼(1995),女,硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为直流微电网运行与稳定性分析,E-mail:1930061208@tiangong.edu.cn
作者简介:肖朝霞(1981),女,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为分布式发电系统与微电网、船舶电力系统、配电网运行与规划
朱洪驰(1995),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为微电网运行控制
张世荣(1998),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为电能质量
曹家宁(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为微电网运行控制
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51977149);省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(河北工业大学)开放课题(EERI_KF2020003)

Stability Analysis of Paralleled Boost DC/DC Voltage-Source Interfaced System with Constant Power Load

XIAO Zhaoxia¹, LI Pan¹(), ZHU Hongchi¹, ZHANG Shirong², CAO Jianing²

1. School of Electrical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. School of Control Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China

Received:2022-07-22 Online:2023-03-01 Published:2023-03-02
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51977149);State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment (Hebei University of Technology) Open Project(EERI_KF2020003)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对直流组网中并联Boost DC/DC变换器带恒功率负荷的“源-荷”级联系统稳定性问题,利用特征值法和阻抗比法重点分析了并联Boost DC/DC变换器系统的稳定性和带恒功率负荷的能力,并通过时域仿真法验证理论分析的正确性,系统性比较了V-I和I-V下垂控制在并联Boost DC/DC变换器系统应用中的优缺点。多台并联Boost DC/DC变换器带阻感负荷时,控制器参数的稳定域基本不随并联台数的增加而改变,V-I下垂系统随虚拟阻抗减小(I-V下垂系统随虚拟阻抗增加)系统稳定性变差;带恒功率负荷时,系统带载能力大小变化与稳定性方向一致。相同虚拟阻抗下,多台并联V-I下垂系统带载能力大于I-V下垂系统。为V-I和I-V两类下垂控制在并联Boost DC/DC变换器实际工程中的应用提供了一般设计规律。

关键词: 直流配电系统, Boost DC/DC变换器, 稳定性分析, V-I/I-V下垂控制, 恒功率负荷

Abstract:

Aiming at the stability problem of source-load cascade system with constant power load in paralleled Boost DC/DC converter in DC network, the stability of the paralleled Boost DC/DC converters and the load capacity with constant power load are analyzed by eigenvalue method and impedance ratio method. The correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified by the time-domain simulation method, and the advantages and disadvantages of V-I and I-V droop control for the load power sharing are systematically compared in this paper. For multiple paralleled Boost DC/DC converters with resistance load, the stability region of controller parameters does not change with the increase of the number of paralleled units. The decrease of virtual impedance in V-I droop system, or the increase of virtual impedance in I-V droop system will lead to the deterioration of system stability. For multiple paralleled Boost DC/DC converters with constant power load, the change of the load capacity of the system is consistent with the stability. With the same virtual impedance, the load capacity of multiple paralleled V-I droop system is greater than that of I-V droop system. This paper provides general design rules for two types of droop control in practical engineering applications of parallel Boost DC/DC converters.

Key words: DC distribution system, boost DC/DC converter, stability analysis, V-I/I-V droop control, constant power load

中图分类号:

TM712

肖朝霞, 李盼, 朱洪驰, 张世荣, 曹家宁. 带恒功率负荷并联Boost DC/DC电压源组网系统稳定性分析[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44(3): 122-137.

XIAO Zhaoxia, LI Pan, ZHU Hongchi, ZHANG Shirong, CAO Jianing. Stability Analysis of Paralleled Boost DC/DC Voltage-Source Interfaced System with Constant Power Load[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2023, 44(3): 122-137.

图/表 24

图1 储能并联直流微电网拓扑

Fig.1 Topology of DC microgrid with storages

图2 电压控制的Buck变换器传递函数结构

Fig.2 Transfer function for voltage-controlled Buck converter

图3 电压环控制器参数对CPL输入阻抗的影响

Fig.3 The influence of voltage-loop controller parameters on CPL input impedance

表1 变换器台数随下垂系数改变时λ1和λ2的特征值

Table 1 Eigenvalues of λ1 and λ2 when number of converters changes with the droop coefficient

图4 并联N台变换器参数变化时主特征值根轨迹

Fig.4 Root locus of main eigenvalue when the controller parameters of N converters in parallel change

图5 多变换器并联不同参数下的直流母线电压

Fig.5 DC-bus voltage when the parameters changes with multi-converter

图6 并联N台变换器参数变化时主特征值根轨迹

Fig.6 Root locus of main eigenvalue when the controller parameters of N converters in parallel change

图7 多变换器并联不同参数下的直流母线电压

Fig.7 DC-bus voltage when the parameters change with multi-converter

图8 V-I或I-V下垂控制时系统稳定性随虚拟阻抗的变化和稳定域

Fig.8 Stability margin changes with the virtual impedance using V-I or I-V droop control

图9 直流微电网模型简化电路图

Fig.9 Simplified circuit diagram of DC microgrid model

表2 带载能力与虚拟阻抗关系

Table 2 Comparison of load capacity with V-I/I-V droop control

图10 基于下垂控制的单台变换器输入输出阻抗伯德图及Nyquist图

Fig.10 Bode diagram and Nyquist diagram of input and output impedance of a single converter based on droop control

图11 单台变换器改变P*时母线电压波动

Fig.11 The bus voltage fluctuation when a single converter changes P*

图12 基于下垂控制的两台变换器并联输入输出阻抗伯德图及Nyquist图

Fig.12 Bode diagram and Nyquist diagram of parallel input and output impedance of two converters based on droop control

图13 两台变换器并联改变P*时母线电压波动

Fig.13 The bus voltage fluctuation when two converters are connected in parallel to changes P*

图14 基于下垂控制的10台变换器并联输入输出阻抗伯德图及Nyquist图

Fig.14 Bode diagram and Nyquist diagram of parallel input and output impedance of ten converters based on droop control

图15 10台变换器并联改变P*时母线电压波动

Fig.15 The bus voltage fluctuation when ten converters are connected in parallel to change P*

图16 硬件在环实验平台

Fig.16 HIL platform

图17 下垂控制带阻性负荷硬件在环实验结果

Fig.17 HIL test results of droop control with resistive load

图18 下垂控制带恒功率负荷硬件在环实验结果

Fig.18 HIL test results of droop control with CPL

表3 V-I/I-V下垂控制在并联Boost DC/DC变换器控制应用中的异同

Table 3 Comparison of V-I/I-V droop control applied in paralleled boost DC/DC converters

图A1 并联Boost DC/DC变换器常用两种下垂控制

Fig.A1 Two droop control schemes for paralleled boost DC/DC converter

表B1 级联系统及其控制器参数

Table B1 Cascaded system and its controller parameters

表B2 HIL实验平台硬件电路参数

Table B2 Hardware circuit parameters of HIL experimental platform

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带恒功率负荷并联Boost DC/DC电压源组网系统稳定性分析

Stability Analysis of Paralleled Boost DC/DC Voltage-Source Interfaced System with Constant Power Load

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