电碳耦合视角下新型电力系统低碳运行调度的关键问题及展望

赵俊华; 白焰; 王智冬

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电力建设 ›› 2025

电碳耦合视角下新型电力系统低碳运行调度的关键问题及展望

赵俊华^1,2, 白焰¹, 王智冬³

作者信息 +

Key Issues and Prospects for Low-carbon Operation and Scheduling of the New Power System from an Electricity-Carbon Coupling Perspective

ZHAO Junhua^1,2, BAI Yan¹, WANG Zhidong³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】新型电力系统的发展为我国推动电力系统低碳转型指明了方向,但其安全、经济与低碳三大目标使其运行调度面临着 “能源不可能三角”难题。随着电力市场和碳排放市场的相继成熟和一体化发展,传统的电力调度模式正在发生革新,构建适用于新型电力系统运行调度的市场体系将成为解决其低碳电力调度难题关键一环。【方法】文章基于电碳耦合的视角,厘清了电力市场和碳排放市场的交互影响,研究了电力-碳排放双重市场下新型电力系统的低碳运行调度策略和市场机制问题。具体而言,文章从碳排放感知、市场主体行为建模、电-碳市场联合仿真、低碳调度策略以及新型电力系统市场机制五个方面,开展了广泛调研和系统综述,剖析了低碳运行调度的五大关键技术和研究局限。【结果】结果表明,现有研究在上述关键维度均存在短板。特别是在电‐碳市场一体化进程中,耦合机制不明和配额机制缺失使协同机制显得静态且过于简化,市场仿真方法存在可解释性不足与过强假设的矛盾;同时,可再生能源（近零短期边际成本）机组入市引发传统定价模式失效和多时段成本分摊难题。【结论】针对这些挑战,文章提出了面向新型电力系统低碳调度问题的研究框架,致力在完善碳感知体系与市场建模仿真方法基础上探索新能源主导下的低碳运行新路径,为相关领域研究提供新的视角和思考。（537字）

Abstract

[Objective] The development of the new power system has paved the way for promoting the low-carbon transition of China's power grid. However, the simultaneous pursuit of safety, economic efficiency, and low-carbon emissions poses an “energy trilemma” in system operations and dispatch. As electricity and carbon markets mature and integrate, traditional dispatch methods are being reformed, making the establishment of a market mechanism tailored to new power system pivotal for addressing low-carbon dispatch challenges. [Methods] This paper, from the perspective of electro-carbon coupling, clarifies the interactive impact between the electricity market and the carbon market. It investigates low-carbon operational strategies and market mechanism designs within the dual electricity-carbon markets for the new power system. Specifically, a comprehensive survey and systematic review are conducted in five areas: carbon emission awareness, market participant behavior modeling, joint simulation of electricity and carbon markets, low-carbon dispatch strategies, and market mechanisms for new power systems, thereby dissecting five key technologies for low-carbon dispatch along with their research limitations. [Results] The findings reveal that existing research exhibits deficiencies in the aforementioned dimensions. In particular, during the integration of electricity and carbon markets, unclear coupling mechanisms and the absence of an effective quota allocation mechanism render the market coordination process static and overly simplified. Moreover, market simulation methods confront a contradiction between insufficient interpretability and overly stringent assumptions, while the integration of renewable energy units (characterized by near-zero short-term marginal costs) undermines traditional pricing models and complicates multi-period cost allocation. [Conclusions] To address these challenges, this paper proposes a research framework for low-carbon dispatch in the new power system. The framework is geared towards exploring renewable energy-dominated low-carbon operational pathways, based on enhanced carbon sensing and improved market modeling and simulation methods, thus offering fresh perspectives and insights for the low-carbon transformation of power systems.

导出引用

赵俊华, 白焰, 王智冬. 电碳耦合视角下新型电力系统低碳运行调度的关键问题及展望[J]. 电力建设. 2025

ZHAO Junhua, BAI Yan, WANG Zhidong. Key Issues and Prospects for Low-carbon Operation and Scheduling of the New Power System from an Electricity-Carbon Coupling Perspective[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025

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