含沼气能发电的农村多微网系统容量配置双层优化模型

张金良; 程佳

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电力建设 ›› 2025

含沼气能发电的农村多微网系统容量配置双层优化模型

张金良, 程佳

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Dual Layer Optimization Model For Capacity Configuration Of Rural Multi Microgrid System With Biogas Energy Generation

ZHANG Jinliang, CHENG Jia

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摘要

【目的】为解决农村地区新能源系统容量配置问题,响应乡村振兴与低碳要求,提高可再生能源的消纳率,提出一种基于子微网间交互且考虑沼气能发电的微网系统容量配置方法。【方法】首先对农村多微网结构进行了分析,并建立一个包含了微网间能量调度策略的沼气能发电的多微网系统模型;其次建立含沼气能发电的多微网系统容量配置与运行协同优化双层模型,上层目标为多微网的年综合成本最小与可再生能源利用率最大,下层目标为多微网系统的运行成本最低,并利用粒子群算法结合Cplex求解器进行求解;针对微网系统成本,采用Shapley值法对各微网进行公平分摊。【结果】Matlab仿真结果和算例分析表明所提引入沼气能作为发电单元,能够增加新能源的渗透率;所提农村微网间电能交互,新能源与储能的容量配置总体均有减少,降低了年投资成本,使得多微网从外部购买电能成本降低9%,售电量也呈下降趋势;采用Shapley值法对微网成本进行分摊,各微网实际成本相较于各微网独立运行场景下分别降低6.3%、2%、4.4%。【结论】所提含沼气能发电的农村多微网系统容量配置双层优化模型,使得年综合成本降低,减少了碳排放,增加了新能源的内部消纳,同时减少农村负荷侧对电网的依赖,能够实现经济性与环保性。

Abstract

[Objective] In order to solve the problem of new energy system capacity allocation in rural areas, respond to the requirements of rural revitalization and low carbon, and improve the rate of renewable energy consumption, a microgrid system capacity allocation method based on the interaction between sub-microgrids and considering biogas energy generation is proposed. [Methods] Firstly, the structure of rural multi-microgrids is analyzed and a multi-microgrid system model for biogas energy generation containing inter-microgrid energy scheduling strategy is established; secondly, a two-layer model for capacity allocation and operation co-optimization of multi-microgrid system containing biogas energy generation is established, with the upper objective of the minimization of the annual integrated cost of multi-microgrids and the maximization of the utilization rate of renewable energy sources and the lower objective of the minimization of the operating cost of multi-microgrid system, which is solved by using the Particle swarm algorithm combined with Cplex solver; for the cost of the microgrid system, the Shapley value method is used to share the microgrids equitably. [Results] Matlab simulation results and example analyses show that the proposed introduction of biogas energy as a power generation unit can increase the penetration rate of new energy; the proposed rural inter-microgrid power interaction, the overall capacity allocation of new energy and energy storage have been reduced, which reduces the annual investment cost, making the cost of purchasing power from the outside of the multi-microgrid reduced by 9%, and the power sales are also on a downward trend; the microgrid cost is apportioned by using the Shapley value method, and the actual cost of each microgrid is reduced by 6.3%, 2%, and 4% respectively compared to the scenario of independent operation. Using the Shapley value method to apportion the costs of microgrids, the actual costs of each microgrid are reduced by 6.3%, 2%, and 4.4%, respectively, compared with the scenarios in which the microgrids are operated independently. [Conclusions] The proposed two-layer optimization model for capacity allocation of rural multi-microgrid system containing biogas energy generation results in lower annual integrated cost, reduced carbon emissions, increased internal consumption of new energy sources, and reduced dependence on the grid at the rural load side, which can achieve both economy and environmental friendliness.

导出引用

张金良, 程佳. 含沼气能发电的农村多微网系统容量配置双层优化模型[J]. 电力建设. 2025

ZHANG Jinliang, CHENG Jia. Dual Layer Optimization Model For Capacity Configuration Of Rural Multi Microgrid System With Biogas Energy Generation[J]. Electric Power Construction. 2025

中图分类号： TM

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