电碳耦合环境下考虑水电调节能力的区域电网风光容量优化配置

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电力建设 ›› 0

赵义深^1,2, 钟浩^1,2, 杜涛^1,2, 李迅^1,2, 王振^1,2, 欧阳臻辉^1,2

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Optimal Allocation of Wind and Solar Capacity in Regional Power Grids Considering Hydropower Regulation Capability Under Electricity-Carbon Coupling Environment

ZHAO Yishen^1,2, ZHONG Hao^1,2, DU Tao^1,2, LI Xun^1,2, WANG Zhen^1,2, OUYANG Zhenhui^1,2

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摘要

【目的】 针对当前大规模风电与光伏电站投资中普遍存在的上网受限、投资回报率偏低及碳市场激励机制缺失等问题,在电碳耦合环境下,构建了一种考虑水电调节能力的区域电网风光容量双层优化配置模型。【方法】 上层模型以风电与光伏的投资回报率最大为优化目标,在综合考虑电力市场与碳市场收益的基础上,制定风光容量配置策略;下层模型中,小水电、风电与光伏组成的可再生能源群体以购电成本最小化为目标参与电力市场出清,同时考虑风光在核证自愿减排量（China certified emission reduction,CCER）市场中的碳交易结果,实现电力与碳市场的联合优化出清,模型引入合作博弈与夏普利值,量化风光水各自收益,并采用改进粒子群优化算法（improved particle swarm optimization,IPSO）嵌套CPLEX求解器实现双层结构的协同求解。【结果】 仿真结果表明,不同水文场景下,风光的收益随水电调节能力的变化而变化,丰水期收益最大,枯水期则相应减少,进而影响风光全年的最优配置。引入电碳耦合市场模式后,风光系统收益显著提升,配置容量比传统电力市场模式增长约24%;碳市场机制通过价格信号有效抑制了高碳排放机组的运行行为,促进了火电机组碳排放结构的优化。CCER市场摩擦因素对碳收益存在显著削弱效应,收益最高可下降33.5%。【结论】 模型突出了水电调节能力和碳市场信号对风光消纳的关键作用,有助于新能源开发和电源结构低碳化,为碳市场政策优化提供了理论依据。

Abstract

[Objective] In view of the problems of limited access to the Internet, low return on investment and lack of incentive mechanism in the carbon market in the current large-scale wind power and photovoltaic power station investment. In this paper, a bi-level optimal configuration model of wind and solar capacity of regional power grid considering hydropower regulation ability is constructed under the environment of electric carbon coupling. [Methods] The upper model takes the maximum return on investment of wind power and photovoltaic as the optimization goal, and formulates the configuration strategy of wind and photovoltaic capacity on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the benefits of electricity market and carbon market. In the lower model, the renewable energy group composed of small hydropower, wind power and photovoltaic participates in the clearing of the electricity market with the goal of minimizing the cost of purchasing electricity. At the same time, considering the carbon trading results of wind and solar in the China certified emission reduction (CCER) market, the joint optimization clearing of the electricity and carbon markets is realized. The model introduces cooperative game and Shapley value to quantify the respective benefits of wind, solar and water, and uses the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) nested CPLEX solver to realize the collaborative solution of the two-layer structure. [Results] The simulation results show that under different typical scenarios, the income of the scenery varies with the change of the hydropower regulation capacity. The income is the largest in the wet season, and the dry season is reduced accordingly, which in turn affects the optimal configuration of the scenery throughout the year. After the introduction of the electricity-carbon coupling market model, the revenue of the wind-solar system is significantly improved, and the configuration capacity is about 24% higher than that of the traditional electricity market model. The carbon market mechanism effectively inhibits the operation behavior of high-carbon emission units through price signals and promotes the optimization of carbon emission structure of thermal power units. The CCER market friction factor has a significant weakening effect on carbon returns, and the return can be reduced by up to 33.5%. [Conclusions] The model highlights the key role of hydropower regulation capacity and carbon market signal in wind and solar consumption, which is helpful for new energy development and low carbonization of power structure, and provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of carbon market policy.

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赵义深, 钟浩, 杜涛, 李迅, 王振, 欧阳臻辉. 电碳耦合环境下考虑水电调节能力的区域电网风光容量优化配置[J]. 电力建设. 0

ZHAO Yishen, ZHONG Hao, DU Tao, LI Xun, WANG Zhen, OUYANG Zhenhui. Optimal Allocation of Wind and Solar Capacity in Regional Power Grids Considering Hydropower Regulation Capability Under Electricity-Carbon Coupling Environment[J]. Electric Power Construction. 0

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