基于虚拟转速动态调节的构网型逆变器故障穿越控制策略

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电力建设 ›› 0

赵平^1,2, 杜龙¹, 龚砚¹, 李振兴^1,2

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Research on fault ride-through control strategy of grid-constructed inverter based on virtual speed dynamic regulation

ZHAO Ping^1,2, DU Long¹, GONG Yan¹, LI Zhenxing^1,2

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摘要

【目的】 随着新能源经逆变器大量接入电网,电力系统稳定性面临挑战。尽管虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)控制技术可提供惯量与阻尼特性,但在电网短路故障下,过大的短路电流易导致其失步甚至脱网。为此,提出一种基于虚拟转速动态调节的VSG故障穿越控制策略。【方法】 在电网发生短路故障工况下,分析了VSG暂态特性,找到短路过流的原因。提出使用虚拟转速动态调节控制策略来保证功角稳定性,改进无功环控制策略进行无功补偿,并采用基于平衡电流法的电压电流双环结构实现输出电流三相平衡。【结果】 Matlab/Simulink仿真测试结果表明,在电网短路故障期间,虚拟转速和功角稳定在额定值,短路电流限制在VSG输出额定电流的1.5倍以内,VSG按照国家并网标准要求提供无功功率,输出电流三相平衡,故障冲击电流得到抑制。【结论】 所提控制策略对比现有方法,实现了虚拟转速和功角的稳定,能更好的限制短路电流,抑制故障冲击电流效果也更好,暂态响应速度也更迅速,保证输出电流三相平衡,在电网短路故障工况下能保证VSG安全稳定运行。

Abstract

[Objective] The large-scale integration of renewable energy through inverters poses challenges to power system stability. Although the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control can provide inertia and damping, excessive short-circuit current during grid faults may lead to loss of synchronism or disconnection. To address this, a fault ride-through strategy based on dynamic virtual speed regulation is proposed. [Methods] The transient characteristics of the VSG are analyzed to identify the cause of the overcurrent during grid faults. A dynamic virtual speed adjustment strategy is adopted to maintain power angle stability, an improved reactive power control loop is designed to support reactive power compensation, and a dual-loop voltage-current structure based on the balanced current method is used to ensure the three-phase balance of the output current. [Results] Matlab/Simulink simulation results demonstrate that during grid short-circuit faults, the virtual speed and power angle stabilize at rated values, the short-circuit current is limited to within 1.5 times the rated output current of the VSG, reactive power is provided according to national grid connection standards, the output current remains balanced across phases, and fault inrush currents are effectively suppressed. [Conclusions] Compared with conventional methods, the proposed strategy more effectively stabilizes virtual speed and power angle, better limits short-circuit current and suppresses inrush current, and provides faster transient response. It also ensures a balanced three-phase output current, contributing to the safe and stable operation of VSGs during power grid faults.

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赵平, 杜龙, 龚砚, 李振兴. 基于虚拟转速动态调节的构网型逆变器故障穿越控制策略[J]. 电力建设. 0

ZHAO Ping, DU Long, GONG Yan, LI Zhenxing. Research on fault ride-through control strategy of grid-constructed inverter based on virtual speed dynamic regulation[J]. Electric Power Construction. 0

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