Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage System for Improving Grid Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2020.10.013

Abstract

Abstract:

When renewable energy such as photovoltaic and wind power replace synchronous generators in the grid, the inertia of the grid and the primary frequency-regulation reserve capacity will be reduced, and the transient stability of the grid frequency will also deteriorate. According to the analysis of the relationship between the coefficient of energy storage controller and the frequency dynamics of power grid, a capacity allocation method for energy storage is proposed. The method can maintain the system inertia and primary frequency-regulation capacity constant before and after renewable energy replace the traditional units. Meanwhile, considering the fluctuation of the output power of the renewable energy, the load supplied by renewable energy is lower than its installed capacity. To improve the economy of energy storage allocation, this paper further proposes a method to determine the energy storage capacity by setting the confidence level according to the historical output power data of renewable power stations. Simulation results show that the proposed allocation method for energy storage capacity can quantitatively compensate the inertia and reserve capacity of the power grid, thereby effectively improving the transient stability of the power grid frequency.

Key words: grid frequency response, energy storage capacity, grid inertia, primary frequency

CLC Number:

TM761

YANG Qiufan, WANG Chenqi, WEI Junhong, SHAN Jinning, CHEN Xia. Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage System for Improving Grid Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2020, 41(10): 116-124.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Control diagram for energy storage inertia and primary frequency response

Fig.2 Power response of energy storage under different active power deficit

Fig.3 Structure diagram of the regional wind power system

Fig.4 Cumulative distribution of wind farm output

Fig.5 Power capacity of energy storage allocated for different confidence levels

Fig.6 Energy capacity of energy storage allocated for different confidence levels

Fig.7 Frequency response of wind power and synchronous generator system without energy storage

Fig.8 Frequency response of wind power system with energy storage inertia control

Fig.9 Power and energy response of energy storage

Table 1 Comparison of inertia before and after energy storage allocation

Fig.10 Frequency response when loads of different capacity suddenly increase

Fig.11 Energy storage power response when loads of different capacity suddenly increase

Fig.12 Frequency response of wind power system with primary frequency control from energy storage

Fig.13 Energy storage power response of primary frequency control

Table 2 Comparison of frequency steady-state values before and after energy storage allocation

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