Hydropower Pricing and Energy Management Strategies for Promoting Accommodation of Intermittent Renewable Energy Power Generation

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2021.03.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Small hydropower stations could contribute to the development and utilization of intermittent renewable energy (IRE) power generation such as wind power and solar power, as a significant flexible resource in a power system. Given this background, hydropower pricing and energy management strategies for promoting accommodation of large amount IRE power generation are addressed. First, small hydropower stations are divided into two classes according to their daily regulation capacity, namely coordinately-scheduled hydropower stations (CHS) and independently-scheduled hydropower stations (IHS), and a framework of hydropower pricing and energy management with multiple entries considered is proposed on the basis of a Stackelberg game. Then, a bi-level optimization model is established, where the peak-valley electricity prices for the IHS as well as the power output of the CHS are determined at the upper level, with an objective of minimizing the curtailment of IRE power generation and hydropower. Each IHS determines its own power output at the lower level, with an objective of maximizing its generation profit, and a non-linear bi-level optimization problem is attained. The optimization problem is transformed into a mixed integer liner programming problem by applying the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality condition and the strong duality theory, which can be solved by the Yalmip/Gurobi solver. Finally, case studies based on an IEEE sample system are carried out and simulation results demonstrate that the developed strategies could promote the accommodation of IRE generation.

Key words: intermittent renewable energy (IRE), hydropower, energy management, Stackelberg game

CLC Number:

TM73

WANG Yizheng, LI Zhonghui, HUANG Chenhong, HU Yixi, ZHENG Zhen, MA Xiaoli, YAN Huamin, WEN Fushuan. Hydropower Pricing and Energy Management Strategies for Promoting Accommodation of Intermittent Renewable Energy Power Generation[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2021, 42(3): 107-116.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Classification and characteristics of small hydropower stations

Fig.1 Framework of hydropower pricing and energy management based on the Stackelberg game

Fig.2 Gaming model and mathematic model of the hydropower pricing and energy management

Fig.3 A sample power system

Fig.4 Peak-valley prices of hydropower of 3 IHSs in two scenarios

Fig.5 Power outputs of small hydropower stations and PVSs in four scenarios

Table 2 Ratios of average hydropower prices to the benchmark hydropower price in two scenarios

Table 3 Accommodation status of photovoltaic power generation in 4 scenarios

Fig.6 Sensitivity analysis of the presented model

Table B1 Parameters of small hydropower stations

Fig.B1 Maximum active power output of the photovoltaic power station

Fig.B2 Load power and upper limits of power input/output from/to the external power system

Table B2 Parameters of simulation cases

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