Abstract:

With the proposal of "double carbon target" and the increase of renewable energy penetration rate, it becomes more and more important to ensure the flexible operation of power system. In order to aggregate multiple types of distributed flexible resources such as power generators, load and storage, this paper constructs an operation optimization and two-layer benefit allocation models for virtual power plants (VPP), which considers the uncertainty of wind and solar power and shared energy storage under the environment of electricity market. Firstly, a VPP system structure including distributed PV and wind power generators, shared energy storage and flexible load is constructed, and a two-level power market trading mechanism is established. Secondly, the method of scenario generation and reduction is used to deal with the uncertainty of wind and solar power output. On this basis, the VPP operation optimization model considering day-ahead and real-time trades is constructed with the goal of maximizing VPP operation income. Thirdly, in order to guarantee the fairness and rationality of participants' income, the income distribution strategies for VPP participants and shared energy storage investors are established on the basis of the Owen value method of two-layer cooperative game. Finally, an example analysis is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The example results show that VPP with shared energy storage can effectively reduce the interference caused by wind and solar power uncertainty and increase the income of VPP in two-level market. The income distribution of each investment subject through Owen value method is conducive to ensuring the fairness and rationality of the system.

Key words: shared energy storage, virtual power plant (VPP), electricity market, source uncertainty, operation optimization, revenue distribution, Owen value method