Research Status of Voltage Sag Risk Assessment and Prospect Under the Background of New Power System

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.02.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Voltage sag has become the most serious power quality problem. Since voltage sag is inevitable, risk assessment becomes the key link to reduce its impact. Firstly, three kinds of risk quantitative indicators for voltage sag are analyzed, and the risk assessment methods are divided into three categories: simulation-based, state estimation-based and data-driven risk assessment methods. The advantages, disadvantages and applicable scenarios of each method are summarized. Secondly, the paper points out the technical challenges faced by voltage sag risk assessment in the context of new power system. Finally, the future research direction of voltage sag risk assessment is prospected, in order to provide reference for related research.

Key words: new power system, voltage sag, risk assessment, evaluation methodology, interactive analysis platform

CLC Number:

TM712

ZHANG Yi, WU Yifan, CHEN Jingteng. Research Status of Voltage Sag Risk Assessment and Prospect Under the Background of New Power System[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2023, 44(2): 15-24.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Main influencing factors of voltage sag risk

Fig.2 Relationship between quantitative indices of voltage sag risk

Fig.3 Time curve of process immunity

Table 1 Comparison of different voltage sag risk assessment methods

Fig.4 Influence of voltage sag on EG-IES

Fig.5 Application of digital twin in voltage sag risk assessment

Fig.6 Challenges, technical means and supporting platform for voltage sag risk assessment

References 60

[1]	国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 电能质量电压暂降与短时中断: GB/T 30137—2013[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2014.
[2]	王建勋, 张逸, 张嫣, 等. 面向现代工业园区的电压暂降综合防治方案[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(14): 156-163.
	WANG Jianxun, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Yan, et al. Comprehensive prevention and control scheme for voltage sag in modern industrial park[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(14): 156-163.
[3]	张逸, 李为明, 林芳, 等. 基于电气特性-物理属性的工业用户电压暂降缓减策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(2): 632-642.
	ZHANG Yi, LI Weiming, LIN Fang, et al. Voltage sag mitigation strategy for industrial users based on process electrical characteristics-physical attribute[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(2): 632-642.
[4]	徐悦, 孙建军, 丁凯, 等. 基于场景构建的电压暂降特征量随机评估方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2021, 49(9): 105-112.
	XU Yue, SUN Jianjun, DING Kai, et al. Random evaluation method of voltage sag characteristics based on scenario construction[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2021, 49(9): 105-112.
[5]	刘勃江, 李华强, 肖先勇, 等. 敏感设备电压暂降故障水平的风险评估[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2016, 28(3): 87-92.
	LIU Bojiang, LI Huaqiang, XIAO Xianyong, et al. Risk assessment for failure level of sensitive equipment caused by voltage sag[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2016, 28(3): 87-92.
[6]	GOSWAMI A K, GUPTA C P, SINGH G K. Voltage sag assessment in a large chemical industry[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2012, 48(5): 1739-1746. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2012.2209854 URL
[7]	国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 电压暂降指标与严重程度评估方法: GB/T 39270—2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2020.
[8]	IEC. Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC): part 2-8: environment voltage dips and short interruptions on public electric power supply systems with statistical measurement results: IEC61000-2-8[S]. Geneva,Switzerland: IEC, 2002.
[9]	DE SANTIS M, STASIO L D, NOCE C, et al. Indices of intermittence to improve the forecasting of the voltage sags measured in real systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2022, 37(2): 1252-1263. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2021.3082280 URL
[10]	徐培栋, 肖先勇, 汪颖. 考虑母线电压时变区间特性的电压暂降频次评估[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(10): 66-72.
	XU Peidong, XIAO Xianyong, WANG Ying. Voltage sags frequency evaluation considering the time-varying interval characteristics of bus voltage[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(10): 66-72.
[11]	叶曦, 刘开培, 李志伟. 不确定条件下计及线路保护动作特性的电压暂降频次评估[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2018, 38(3): 169-176.
	YE Xi, LIU Kaipei, LI Zhiwei. Voltage sag frequency assessment considering action characteristics of line protection in uncertain conditions[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2018, 38(3): 169-176.
[12]	IEEE Power and Energy Society. IEEE guide for voltage sag indices: IEEE Std 1564-2014[S]. New York, USA: IEEE Standard Association, 2014.
[13]	吴国沛, 许中, 何淇彰, 等. 计及负载随机性的设备电压暂降停机概率评估[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2020, 40(8): 174-179.
	WU Guopei, XU Zhong, HE Qizhang, et al. Evaluation of equipment malfunction probability considering load randomness[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2020, 40(8): 174-179.
[14]	贾清泉, 艾丽, 董海艳, 等. 考虑不确定性的电压暂降不兼容度和影响度评价指标及方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(1): 48-57.
	JIA Qingquan, AI Li, DONG Haiyan, et al. Uncertainty description and assessment of incompatibility & influence index for voltage sags[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(1): 48-57.
[15]	李天楚, 伍智鹏, 方铭, 等. 基于Larsen推理的电压暂降下工业过程负荷损失率评估方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(4): 145-153.
	LI Tianchu, WU Zhipeng, FANG Ming, et al. Load loss rate evaluation method of an industrial process under voltage sag based on Larsen reasoning[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2022, 50(4): 145-153.
[16]	吴国诚, 叶樊, 梁帅伟, 等. 基于电压持续曲线的多次电压暂降严重程度评估方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2018, 38(2): 182-191, 200.
	WU Guocheng, YE Fan, LIANG Shuaiwei, et al. Evaluation method of multiple voltage sag severity based on voltage duration curves[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2018, 38(2): 182-191, 200.
[17]	胡文曦, 肖先勇, 李成鑫. 考虑多维特征刻画的电压暂降严重程度评估方法[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(1): 331-338.
	HU Wenxi, XIAO Xianyong, LI Chengxin. Voltage sag severity assessment method considering multi-dimension characterization[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 45(1): 331-338.
[18]	CIGRE/CIRED/UIE Joint Working Group C4.110. Voltage dip immunity of equipment and installations[R]. Paris, France: CIGRE, 2010.
[19]	李春海, 李华强, 刘勃江. 基于过程免疫不确定性的工业用户电压暂降经济损失风险评估[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(12): 136-142.
	LI Chunhai, LI Huaqiang, LIU Bojiang. Risk assessment based on process immunity uncertainty for industrial customers’ financial losses due to voltage sags[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(12): 136-142.
[20]	张逸, 李为明, 张嫣, 等. 考虑供电系统运行方式的工业过程电压暂降耐受特性评估方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2019, 39(12): 205-211.
	ZHANG Yi, LI Weiming, ZHANG Yan, et al. Evaluation method for voltage sag tolerance characteristics of industrial process considering operation mode of power supply system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2019, 39(12): 205-211.
[21]	CEBRIAN J C, KAGAN N, MILANOVIJ V. Probabilistic estimation of distribution network performance with respect to voltage sags and interruptions considering network protection setting: part I: the methodology[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2018, 33(1): 42-51. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2633518 URL
[22]	雷刚, 顾伟, 袁晓冬. 考虑系统与敏感负荷兼容性的电压暂降指标[J]. 电工技术学报, 2010, 25(12): 132-138.
	LEI Gang, GU Wei, YUAN Xiaodong. A voltage sag index considering compatibility between system and sensitive equipment[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2010, 25(12): 132-138.
[23]	周翔, 王丰华, 黄荣辉, 等. 考虑系统与敏感设备的变电站电压暂降综合评估[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(8): 1940-1946.
	ZHOU Xiang, WANG Fenghua, HUANG Ronghui, et al. Assessment of voltage sags in substations based on power system and equipment sensitivity analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(8): 1940-1946.
[24]	吴奇珂, 陈昕儒, 吴少臣, 等. 基于蒙特卡洛的电网节点电压暂降风险分析[J]. 电气应用, 2017, 36(3): 51-59.
[25]	曾江, 蔡东阳. 基于组合权重的蒙特卡洛电压暂降评估方法[J]. 电网技术, 2016, 40(5): 1469-1475.
	ZENG Jiang, CAI Dongyang. A Monte Carlo assessment method of voltage sags based on combination weight[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(5): 1469-1475.
[26]	吕金炳, 韦鹏飞, 刘亚丽, 等. 考虑新能源出力相关性的电网电压暂降随机预估[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(10): 71-81. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2018.10.009
	LÜ Jinbing, WEI Pengfei, LIU Yali, et al. Stochastic estimation of voltage sag considering output correlation of renewable energy sources[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(10): 71-81. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2018.10.009
[27]	代双寅, 韩民晓, 严稳莉. 含分布式电源的配电网电压暂降评估[J]. 电网技术, 2011, 35(7): 145-149.
	DAI Shuangyin, HAN Minxiao, YAN Wenli. Voltage sag assessment for distribution network containing distributed generation[J]. Power System Technology, 2011, 35(7): 145-149.
[28]	王建勋, 张逸, 陈晶腾, 等. 省级电网电压暂降评估与工业用户潜在供电点优选[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(8): 201-207, 224.
	WANG Jianxun, ZHANG Yi, CHEN Jingteng, et al. Evaluation of provincial power grid voltage sag and optimal selection of potential power supply points for industrial users[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(8): 201-207, 224.
[29]	WANG B, XU W, PAN Z C. Voltage sag state estimation for power distribution systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2005, 20(2): 806-812. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.846174 URL
[30]	王宾, 潘贞存, 徐文远. 配电系统电压跌落幅值估算分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2005, 25(13): 29-34.
	WANG Bin, PAN Zhencun, XU Wenyuan. Voltage sags profile estimation for power distribution systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2005, 25(13): 29-34.
[31]	ZAMBRANO X, HERNÁNDEZ A, IZZEDDINE M, et al. Estimation of voltage sags from a limited set of monitors in power systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2017, 32(2): 656-665. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2594232 URL
[32]	王宾, 潘贞存, 董新洲. 基于电压跌落状态估计的复杂配电网络故障路径搜索算法[J]. 电网技术, 2007, 31(10): 55-60.
	WANG Bin, PAN Zhencun, DONG Xinzhou. A fault path searching algorithm based on voltage sag state estimation for complicated distribution systems[J]. Power System Technology, 2007, 31(10): 55-60.
[33]	ESPINOSA-JUAREZ E, ESPINOZA-TINOCO J R, HERNANDEZ A. Neural networks applied to solve the voltage sag state estimation problem: An approach based on the fault positions concept[C]// 2009 Electronics, Robotics and Automotive Mechanics Conference (CERMA). Cuernavaca, Mexico: IEEE, 2009: 88-93.
[34]	LUCIO J, ESPINOSA-JUÁREZ E, HERNÁNDEZ A. Voltage sag state estimation in power systems by applying genetic algorithms[J]. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2011, 5(2): 223. doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2010.0148 URL
[35]	HERNANDEZ A, ESPINOSA-JUAREZ E, DE CASTRO R M, et al. SVD applied to voltage sag state estimation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2013, 28(2): 866-874. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2012.2218627 URL
[36]	唐琳, 肖先勇, 张逸, 等. 电压暂降状态和水平评估模式匹配法与监测装置多目标优化配置[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(13): 3264-3271.
	TANG Lin, XIAO Xianyong, ZHANG Yi, et al. Voltage sag state and level assessment based on pattern matching method and multi-objective optimal monitors allocation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(13): 3264-3271.
[37]	张国辉, 王宾, 潘贞存, 等. 配电系统电压跌落状态估计中的不良数据辨识[J]. 电网技术, 2010, 34(8): 69-73.
	ZHANG Guohui, WANG Bin, PAN Zhencun, et al. Bad data identification in voltage sag state estimation of distribution system[J]. Power System Technology, 2010, 34(8): 69-73.
[38]	司学振, 李琼林, 杨家莉, 等. 基于实测数据的电压暂降特性分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2017, 37(12): 144-149.
	SI Xuezhen, LI Qionglin, YANG Jiali, et al. Analysis of voltage sag characteristics based on measured data[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37(12): 144-149.
[39]	浦雨婷, 杨洪耕, 马晓阳. 基于数据挖掘与改进灰靶的电压暂降严重度分析与评估[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(2): 198-206.
	PU Yuting, YANG Honggeng, MA Xiaoyang. Analysis and evaluation of voltage sag severity based on data mining and improved grey target theory[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(2): 198-206.
[40]	田世明, 卜凡鹏, 齐林海, 等. 电压暂降事件的频繁模式挖掘与知识推理分析[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(5): 21-27. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2018.05.003
	TIAN Shiming, BU Fanpeng, QI Linhai, et al. Frequent pattern mining and knowledge reasoning of voltage sag events[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(5): 21-27. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2018.05.003
[41]	王璐, 肖先勇, 汪颖, 等. 基于深度神经网络的电压暂降经济损失评估模型[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2020, 40(6): 156-165.
	WANG Lu, XIAO Xianyong, WANG Ying, et al. DNN-based estimation model of economic loss caused by voltage sag[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2020, 40(6): 156-165.
[42]	XIAO F, AI Q. Data-driven multi-hidden Markov model-based power quality disturbance prediction that incorporates weather conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2019, 34(1): 402-412. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2856743 URL
[43]	WANG Y, et al. Data-driven prediction method for characteristics of voltage sag based on fuzzy time series[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2022, 134: 107394. doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107394 URL
[44]	刘旭娜, 肖先勇, 刘阳, 等. 工业过程电压暂降风险等级层次化多级模糊综合评估[J]. 电网技术, 2014, 38(7): 1984-1988.
	LIU Xuna, XIAO Xianyong, LIU Yang, et al. Hierarchical multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on risk level of voltage sag during industrial process[J]. Power System Technology, 2014, 38(7): 1984-1988.
[45]	何函洋, 肖先勇, 李成鑫, 等. 敏感用户电压暂降损失风险评估的模糊推理模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(20): 6527-6536.
	HE Hanyang, XIAO Xianyong, LI Chengxin, et al. Fuzzy reasoning model for risk assessment of voltage sag loss for sensitive users[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(20): 6527-6536.
[46]	周孝信, 陈树勇, 鲁宗相, 等. 能源转型中我国新一代电力系统的技术特征[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(7): 1893-1904, 2205.
	ZHOU Xiaoxin, CHEN Shuyong, LU Zongxiang, et al. Technology features of the new generation power system in China[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(7): 1893-1904, 2205.
[47]	国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 风电场接入电力系统技术规定第1部分:陆上风电: GB/T 19963.1—2021[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021.
	Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Technical specification for connecting wind farm to power system—Part 1: On shore wind power: GB/T 19963.1—2021[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2021.
[48]	国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 光伏发电站接入电力系统技术规定: GB/T 19964—2012[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
[49]	于琳, 孙华东, 徐式蕴, 等. 电力电子设备接入电压支撑强度量化评估指标综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(2): 499-515.
	YU Lin, SUN Huadong, XU Shiyun, et al. Overview of strength quantification indexes of power system with power electronic equipment[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(2): 499-515.
[50]	贾东梨, 刘科研, 盛万兴, 等. 有源配电网故障场景下的电压暂降仿真与评估方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(5): 1279-1288.
	JIA Dongli, LIU Keyan, SHENG Wanxing, et al. Voltage sag simulation and evaluation in active distribution network with fault cases[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(5): 1279-1288.
[51]	季玉琦, 潘超, 肖晗, 等. 分布式电源电压支撑能力层次分析评价[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2021, 49(11): 163-171.
	JI Yuqi, PAN Chao, XIAO Han, et al. Hierarchical analysis and evaluation of the voltage support capability of distributed generation[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2021, 49(11): 163-171.
[52]	谢小荣, 贺静波, 毛航银, 等. “双高”电力系统稳定性的新问题及分类探讨[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(2): 461-475.
	XIE Xiaorong, HE Jingbo, MAO Hangyin, et al. New issues and classification of power system stability with high shares of renewables and power electronics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(2): 461-475.
[53]	王伟亮, 王丹, 贾宏杰, 等. 能源互联网背景下的典型区域综合能源系统稳态分析研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(12): 3292-3306.
	WANG Weiliang, WANG Dan, JIA Hongjie, et al. Review of steady-state analysis of typical regional integrated energy system under the background of energy Internet[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(12): 3292-3306.
[54]	余晓丹, 徐宪东, 陈硕翼, 等. 综合能源系统与能源互联网简述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(1): 1-13.
	YU Xiaodan, XU Xiandong, CHEN Shuoyi, et al. A brief review to integrated energy system and energy internet[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(1): 1-13.
[55]	苏洁莹, 邓丰强, 张勇军. 考虑相依特性的电-气互联网络故障评估方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(11): 32-39.
	SU Jieying, DENG Fengqiang, ZHANG Yongjun. Failure assessment method of integrated electricity and natural gas network considering interdependent characteristics[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(11): 32-39.
[56]	严超, 别朝红, 王灿, 等. 面向新一代能源系统的风险评估研究现状及展望[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(1): 12-22.
	YAN Chao, BIE Zhaohong, WANG Can, et al. Risk assessment studies for new generation energy system[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(1): 12-22.
[57]	田芳, 黄彦浩, 史东宇, 等. 电力系统仿真分析技术的发展趋势[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(13): 2151-2163.
	TIAN Fang, HUANG Yanhao, SHI Dongyu, et al. Developing trend of power system simulation and analysis technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(13): 2151-2163.
[58]	高元海, 王淳, 辛建波, 等. 计及接地阻抗及含多种分布式电源的中低压配电网三相潮流计算(一): 模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(10): 2619-2627.
	GAO Yuanhai, WANG Chun, XIN Jianbo, et al. Three-phase power flow calculation of medium-low voltage distribution network considering grounding impedance and containing various distributed generators, part Ⅰ: models[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(10): 2619-2627.
[59]	汪勋婷. 基于相互依存网络的综合能源系统脆弱性评估方法研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2018.
	WANG Xunting. Study on interdependent network vulnerability assessment for integrated energy system[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2018.
[60]	沈沉, 曹仟妮, 贾孟硕, 等. 电力系统数字孪生的概念、特点及应用展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(2): 487-499.
	SHEN Chen, CAO Qianni, JIA Mengshuo, et al. Concepts, characteristics and prospects of application of digital twin in power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(2): 487-499.