Greenhouse environmental systems and photovoltaic power plants in modernized agricultural parks are prone to “source-load peaking” operation problems. To address this issue, this study proposes a two-layer optimization model for energy management of the agricultural park micro energy network (APMEN) participating in distribution market clearing, considering the crop growth characteristics to achieve rapid growth of crops and efficient use of multiple types of energy. The upper-layer model calculates the optimal energy management strategy for the greenhouse environmental system of the agricultural park, with the objective function of minimizing the operating cost of the APMEN, considering the accessory market tariff and photovoltaic power generation. The lower-layer model corresponds to the distribution market-clearing model, which aims to achieve optimal power allocation in the distribution network. Furthermore, the two-layer model is solved using the adaptive alternating direction multiplier method. Finally, the IEEE 12-node distribution system and 66-node Inner Mongolia Autonomous County rural distribution system were used as examples to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and method. The results show that the model can effectively reduce the energy cost of agricultural parks by 23.2% and the power purchase cost of distribution network users by 6.2%.