Coordinated Charging Strategy for Battery in EV Charging and Switching Station

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2015.07.017

Abstract

Abstract:

The charging load of large-scale electric vehicles （EVs） is high， fluctuant and uncertain， which will bring negative effects on power grid， such as increased peak load， voltage fluctuations. To reduce the negative effects caused by EVs， this thesis proposes the coordinated charging strategy for battery in EV charging and switching station. By fitting the relationship between state of charge and equivalent charging time， and that between charging power and equivalent charging time， the charging characteristics of switched battery can be obtained. Based on the charging characteristics， the coordinated charging strategy for battery in EV charging and switching station with dedicated line is established to optimize the charging starting time of each battery. The objective of the proposed strategy is to minimize the sum of squares of the substation， and the number of battery chargers， EVs’ needs for batteries， power limit of EV charging and switching station and substation are all taken into account. The proposed methods of charging load forecasting and coordinated charging strategy are applied to an EV Charging and Switching Station， Shandong.

Key words: electric vehicles, charging and switching station, switching battery, charging characteristics, coordinated charging strategy

CLC Number:

TM 91

RONG Xiaoxue， LIU Xiyuan， SUN Qiming， BIE Zhaohong. Coordinated Charging Strategy for Battery in EV Charging and Switching Station[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 120-125.

References

［1］Ma Z J， Callaway D， Hiskens I. Decentralized charging control for large populations of plug-in electric vehicles: Application of the Nash certainty equivalence principlee［C］// Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Atlanta， USA: IEEE， 2010:191-195. ［2］Clement K， Haesen E， Driesen J. The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems， 2010，25（1）:371-380.
［3］Staats P T， Grady W M， Arapostathis A， et al. A statistical method for predicting the net harmonic currents generated by a concentration of electric vehicle battery chargers［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery， 1997，12（3）:1255-1266.
［4］He Y F， Venkatesh B， Guan L. Optimal scheduling for charging and discharging of electric vehicles［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid，2012，3（3）:1095-1105.
［5］Taylor J， Maitra A， Alexander M， et al. Evaluation of the impact of plug-in electric vehicle loading on distribution system operations［C］// Proceedings of IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting. Calgary， Canada: IEEE， 2009：1-6.
［6］Kelly L， Rowe A， Wild P. Analyzing the impacts of plug-in electric vehicles on distribution networks in british columbia［C］ // Proceedings of IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting. Calgary， Canada: IEEE， 2009 ：1-6.
［7］Ma Y C， Houghton T， Cruden A， et al. Modeling the benefits of vehicle-to-grid technology to a power system［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems，2012， 27（2）:1012-1020.
［8］Traube J， Lu F L， Maksimovic D， et al. Mitigation of solar irradiance intermittency in photovoltaic power systems with integrated electric-vehicle charging functionality［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics，2013，28（6）:3058-3067.
［9］Hill C A， Such M C， Chen D M， et al. Battery energy storage for enabling integration of distributed solar power generation［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid， 2012，3（2）:850-857.
［10］Rotering N， Ilic M. Optimal charge control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in deregulated electriccity markets［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power System， 2011，26（3）:1021-1029.
［11］阳岳希，胡泽春，宋永华.电动公交充换电站的优化运行研究［J］.中国电机工程学报，2012，32（31）：35-42.
Yang Yuexi， Hu Zechun， Song Yonghua. Research on optimal operation of battery swapping and charging station for electric buses［J］. Proceeding of the CSEE， 2012， 32（31）: 35-42.
［12］Grillo S， Marinelli M， Massucco S， et al. Optimal management strategy of a battery-based storage system to improve renewable energy integration in distribution networks［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid， 2012，3（2）:950-958.
［13］Verzijlbergh R A， Grond M O W， Lukszo Z， et al. Network impacts and cost savings of controlled EV charging［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid， 2012， 3（3）:1203-1212.
［14］Sortomme E， Hindi M M， MacPherson S D J， et al. Coordinated charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles to minimize distribution system losses［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid， 2011，2（1）:198-205.

[1]	LIU Hui， XIE Liangfeng， XIE Haimin， YANG Yude， QIN Zhijun. Network Loss Evaluation of Power Systems Considering Participation of Electric Vehicles in AGC [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2020, 41(6): 52-59.
[2]	ZHANG Yuwei, YANG Jun, WU Fuzhang, ZHAN Xiangpeng, LONG Xuemei, ZHANG Jun, XU Jian. Analysis on Disturbance Propagation of Charging Station Fault Considering Grid-Traffic Network Coupling [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2020, 41(1): 13-22.
[3]	TAN Kai， LI Zhongwei， GUAN Yadong， YE Lin， TONG Weiming， ZHANG Baojun. Lightweight Key Management Scheme Based on Communication System of Electric Vehicle Charging Piles [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(9): 73-81.
[4]	DU Lijia， JIN Xiaolong， HE Wei， MU Yunfei， JIA Hongjie， WEI Wei. A Tie-line Power Smoothing Control Method for an Office Building Microgrid by Scheduling Thermal Mass of the Building and Plug-in Electric Vehicles [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(8): 26-33.
[5]	XIA Shiwei， LU Tao， DU Ting， LI Gengyin， BU Siqi. Distributed Coordinated Operation Method of Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Micro Grid Considering Fluctuation of Wind Power [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(6): 86-94.
[6]	CHEN Jiamin,XU Yonghai， ZHANG Xueyin. Energy Storage Sizing Method Considering V2G Response Capability [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(3): 34-41.
[7]	WANG Chenglong， WANG Yufei， XUE Hua. Control Strategy of Flywheel Energy Storage System Based on Load Current Compensation and Speed Feedback [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(3): 51-58.
[8]	MEI Zhe, ZHAN Hongxia, YUAN Jihe2 HUANG Hu, ZHANG Xi, DENG Qiang. Multi-objective Optimal Operating Strategy of Distribution Network Considering V2G on the Basis of Grouping Method of Electric Vehicles [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(8): 59-68.
[9]	PAN Yinji, QIU Xiaoyan, WU Jiawu, XIAO Jiankang. Analysis on Charging Behaviors of Electric Vehicles Based on Markov Decision Processes [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(7): 129-137.
[10]	WANG Dan，SUN Dongdong，HU Qinge，YUAN Kai， SUN Chongbo，SONG Yi，XU Jing，DING Chengdi . Demand Response of Electric Vehicles Based on Optimal Energy Status Regulation and Its Impact on Distribution Network [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(5): 86-.
[11]	LIU Haixuan，ZENG Pingliang，MA Jun，XU Xiaohui. Operation Strategy of Electric Vehicles for Interacting with the Grid in Battery to Grid Mode [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 126-132.
[12]	TANG Jia， GAO Shuang， WANG Dan， SONG Yi， YANG Zhanyong. A Hierarchical Control Algorithm for Aggregated Electric Vehicles in Distribution Networks [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 146-152.
[13]	ZHANG Qian， LI Yuzhe， ZHOU Lin， CAI JiaJia， ZHOU Louwei. Evaluation of Changing Controllable Number of Different Type of EVs when Access into Frequency Regulation [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 160-166.
[14]	WANG Xiaolei， YAO Weifeng， WEN Fushuan， ZENG Pingliang， ZHANG Xizhu， WANG Lei. Comprehensive Benefit Analysis of Coordinated Charging Management of Electric Vehicles [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 194-201.
[15]	LIU Nian， CHENG Minyang， ZOU Fuqiang， ZHANG Jianhua. Operation Mode and Comprehensive Evaluation of PV Charging Station for Commercial Building [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(7): 202-208.