Fault Identification and Wide-Area Backup Protection Strategy Based on Limited Phasor Measurement Units

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2016.02.004

Abstract

Abstract:

The traditional backup protection has some drawbacks, including difficult protection setting, long time delay and complicated coordination. Given this background, this paper proposes a fault identification and wide-area backup protection strategy based on limited phasor measurement units （PMUs）. Firstly, the whole power network is divided into several backup protection zones （BPZs） based on the placement of PMUs. Once a fault occurs, the electrical quantities are utilized to identify the faulted BPZ, so as to quickly narrow down the scope of suspected fault sections. Then, we present fault identification method and wide-area backup protection strategy based on the analytical model. When the main protection fails to clear the fault, this analytical model can comprehensively use the alarm information of main protection, circuit breaker action alarm, backup protection startup information and power direction relays to point to the information, adopt tabu search （TS） algorithm to seek the optimal fault hypothesis, and determine the malfunction devices through analyzing the action logics of protection and circuit breaker. Based on the identified malfunctions, the corresponding backup protection strategy is initiated to prevent the fault from spreading. The simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible and has strong fault tolerance ability.

Key words: fault diagnosis, backup protection strategy, phasor measurement unit （PMU）, backup protection zone （BPZ）, analytical model

CLC Number:

TM 774

XU Bing，ZHANG Yan，TIAN Fangyuan，WEN Fushuan，ZHU Bingquan，XU Lizhong. Fault Identification and Wide-Area Backup Protection Strategy Based on Limited Phasor Measurement Units[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(2): 25-33.

References

［1］陈梦骁，王慧芳，何奔腾.距离II段保护简化整定方法及区域式后备保护方案［J］.电力系统自动化，2015，39（7）：151-156.
CHEN Mengxiao， WANG Huifang，HE Benteng.A simplified method of distance relay zone-II setting calculation and a region-based backup relaying scheme［J］.Automation of Electric Power Systems，2015，39（7）：151-156.
［2］杨向飞，刘革明，朱小红，等.光纤通道异常时加速线路II段后备保护技术［J］.电力系统自动化，2014，38（4）：123-126.
YANG Xiangfei，LIU Geming，ZHU Xiaohong，et al.Technology of accelerating back-up protection of transmission line zone II with abnormal fiber channel ［J］.Automation of Electric Power Systems，2014，38（4）：123-126.
［3］余锐，熊小伏.数字化变电站继电保护装置失效后备措施研究［J］.电力自动化设备，2009，29（7）：127-129.
YU Rui，XIONG Xiaofu.Back-up protection units for relay protection failure in digital substation［J］.Electric Power Automation Equipment，2009，29（7）：127-129.
［4］干磊，康河文，何敏.基于广域测量系统的电压稳定动态监测［J］.电力系统保护与控制，2010，38（21）：152-155.
GAN Lei，KANG Hewen，HE Min.The dynamic monitoring of voltage stability based on wide-area measurement system［J］.Power System Protection and Control，38（21）：152-155.
［5］王慧铮，王铁强，许勇，等.基于WAMS与PSD的电力系统低频振荡起振原因分析［J］.电力建设，2010，31（10）：1-5.
WANG Huizheng，WANG Tieqiang，XU Yong，et al.Analysis of low frequency oscillation of the WAMS and PSD-based power system［J］.Electric Power Construction，2010，31（10）：1-5.
［6］李虹，李卫国，赵书强，等.利用WAMS的电力系统动态状态估计结果校正［J］.中国电机工程学报，2010，30（25）：74-80.
LI Hong，LI Weiguo，ZHAO Shuqiang，et al.Results correction for power system dynamic state estimation based on WAMS［J］.Proceedings of the CSEE，2010，30（25）：74-80.
［7］李大路，李蕊，孙元章，等.计及广域测量信息的状态估计错误参数识别与修正［J］.电力系统自动化，2008，32（14）：11-15.
LI Dalu，LI Rui，SUN Yuanzhang，et al.Recognizing and correcting the wrong parameters in state estimation considering the WAMS measurements［J］.Automation of Electric Power Systems，2008，32（14）：11-15.
［8］牛胜锁，刘颖，梁志瑞，等.基于广域测量和抗差最小二乘法的电力系统谐波状态估计［J］.电力系统保护与控制，2012，40（8）：10-14.
NIU Shengsuo，LIU Ying，LIANG Zhirui，et al.Power system harmonic state estimation based on generalized measurement and robust least squares［J］.Power System Protection and Control，2012，40（8）：10-14.
［9］EISSA M M，MASOUD M E，ELANWAR M M M.A novel back up wide area protection technique for power transmission grids using phasor measurement unit［J］.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery，2010，25（1）：270-278.
［10］NAYAK P K，PRADHAN A K，BAJPAI P.Wide-area measurement-based backup protection for power network with series compensation［J］.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery，2014，29（4）：1970-1977.
［11］TONG Xiaoyang，WANG Xiaoru，WANG Rui，et al.The study of a regional decentralized peer-to-peer negotiation-based wide-area backup protection multi-agent system［J］.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid，2013，4（2）：1197-1206.
［12］汪华，张哲，尹项根，等.基于故障电压分布的广域后备保护算法［J］.电力系统自动化，2011，35（7）：48-52.
WANG Hua，ZHANG Zhe，YIN Xianggen，et，al.A wide area back-up protection algorithm based on fault voltage distribution［J］.Automation of Electric Power Systems，2011，35（7）：48-52.
［13］曾飞，苗世洪，林湘宁，等.基于序分量的电网广域后备保护算法［J］.电力系统自动化，2010，34（23）：57-63.
ZENG Fei，MIAO Shihong，LIN Xiangning，et al.A wide area backup protection algorithm for power grid based on sequence component［J］.Automation of Electric Power Systems，2010，34（23）：57-63.
［14］NEYESTANAKI M K，RANJBAR A M.An adaptive PMU-based wide area backup protection scheme for power transmission lines［J］.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid，2015，6（3）：1550-1559.
［15］陈静，刘涤尘，王宝华.基于有限PMU的广域后备保护研究［J］.电力系统保护与控制，2012，40（17）：67-71.
CHEN Jing，LIU Dichen，WANG Baohua.Study of wide area backup protection based on limited number of PMU［J］.Power System Protection and Control，2012，40（17）：67-71.
［16］文福拴，钱源平，韩祯祥，等.利用保护和断路器信息的电力系统故障诊断与不可观测的保护的状态识别的模型与Tabu搜索方法［J］.电工技术学报，1998，13（5）：1-10.
WEN Fushuan，QIAN Yuanping，HAN Zhenxiang，et al.A Tabu search based approach to fault section estimation and state identification of unobserved protective relays in power systems using information from protective relays and circuit breakers［J］.Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，1998，13（5）：1-10.
［17］董明，张勇，张岩，等.含电气量信息的电力系统故障诊断解析模型［J］.电力系统自动化，2013，37（6）：55-62.
DONG Ming，ZHANG Yong，ZHANG Yan，et al.An analytic model for power system fault diagnosis employing electrical data［J］.Automation of Electric Power Systems，2013，37（6）：55-62.
［18］GUO Wenxin，WEN Fushuan，LEDWICH Gerard，et al.An analytic model for fault diagnosis in power systems considering malfunctions of protective relays and circuit breakers［J］.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery，2010，25（3）：1393-1401.

[1]	ZHENG TAO，ZHANG Zihang. Research on Internal Fault Diagnosis and Countermeasure of Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Half Bridge Sub-modules [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(6): 42-.
[2]	ZHANG Yan, WEN Fushuan, XIONG Wen, NIU Zhenyong, ZHAO Hongwei, SHANG Huiyu . Wide Area Measurements Based Analytic Model for Power System Fault Diagnosis [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(5): 10-.
[3]	ZHANG Yong1，LI Dan1，WEN Fushuan2，ZHANG Yan3，DONG Yi1，ZHENG Jianzi1. Process Level Fault Diagnosis in IEC 61850 Based Smart Substations [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(3): 42-.
[4]	SHANG Huiyu, WANG Chongyu, CHEN Minghui, YANG Zeng, XIONG Wen, WEN Fushuan. A Feature Matching Based Method for Fault Diagnosis in Power Systems Under Disaster Weather [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(10): 37-43.
[5]	GHORBANIPARVAR Mohammadreza, ZHOU Ning . A Multi-Delay Self-Coherence Method for Detecting Sustained Oscillations Using PMU Data [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(9): 73-.
[6]	WANG Shoupeng, ZHAO Dongmei . A Design Method for Power Grid Fault Diagnosis Model Based on Humoral Immunity Principle [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(7): 131-.
[7]	LIAO Zhiwei，YUE Ling，WEN Fushuan，ZHU Bingquan，XU Lizhong. A Rule-Network Based Approach for Fault Diagnosis of HV Transmission Lines and Protection Action Performance Evaluation [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(2): 34-41.
[8]	LEI Qian, JI Xingquan, WEN Fushuan, LIU Zhipeng, YU Yongjin, XU Huanqi. Fault Diagnosis of Distribution System with Distributed Generation Employing Transient Component [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(2): 42-49.
[9]	CHEN Weibiao, CHEN Yiping, YAO Wei, SUN Yanbin, WEN Jinyu. A Fault Diagnosis Method of Power Grid Based on Time Series Matching with Multi-Source Information [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(12): 134-.
[10]	HAN Zhonghe，JIAO Hongchao，ZHU Xiaoxun，WANG Zhi. SVM Rotor Vibration Fault Diagnosis Based on EEMD Permutation Entropy [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(1): 92-96.
[11]	WANG Guoping， YU Tao，FU Senmu， ZHONG Yunping， ZHANG Yong， CHENG Xiaohua . Intelligent Methods for Transformer Fault Diagnosis Based on DGA [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(6): 34-39.
[12]	SHI Xin, ZHU Yongli. Application of Deep Learning Neural Network in Fault Diagnosis of Power Transformer [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2015, 36(12): 116-122.
[13]	ZHU Tianyi, JIANG Tiezheng, LUO Jie, SONG Junying, XIE Xiaoqian. Fault Diagnosis Method of Transmission Lines Based on Electric Quantity Data [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2014, 35(10): 74-78.
[14]	CHEN Yanqiao，ZHANG Fenfang. Optimization Design of Energy Saving for 330 MW Units Control Systems [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2013, 34(1): 66-69.