Optimization Strategy for Start-up Sequence of Generation Units Considering Critical Restoration Paths

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.10.004

Abstract

Abstract: Reasonable start-up sequence of generation units after blackouts is beneficial in improving the generation capacity of power systems， and speeding up restoration process of power systems. Firstly， the restoration characteristic in the start-up process of generation units is introduced. Both the start-up power curve and generation characteristic curve are modeled. Then， considering the influence of critical restoration paths on the start-up sequence of generation units， a start-up sequence model of generation units is proposed to maximize the total power capacity during the power system restoration. By linearizing the start-up power expression and generation expression of units， the proposed model is reformulated into a mixed integer linear model， which can be efficiently solved by commercial solvers. Finally， the IEEE 39-node system is applied to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and method.

Key words: power system restoration, black-start, generator start-up sequence, mixed integer linear programming

CLC Number:

TM 73

YANG Zhichao， SUN Lei， DING Ming. Optimization Strategy for Start-up Sequence of Generation Units Considering Critical Restoration Paths[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(10): 28-35.

References

［1］卫鹏，安海云，周前，等. 基于BPA程序的江苏电网黑启动暂态稳定性研究［J］. 电力建设， 2013， 34（8）: 6-10.
WEI Peng， AN Haiyun， ZHOU Qian， et al. Research of transient stability of Jiangsu power grid's black-start based on BPA［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2013， 34（8）: 6-10.
［2］薛万磊，牛新生，曾鸣，等. 基于系统动力学评价的可再生能源并网保障机制［J］. 电力建设， 2014， 35（2）: 36-40.
XUE Wanlei， NIU Xinsheng， ZENG Ming， et al. Security mechanism of renewable energy grid connected based on system dynamics evaluation［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2014， 35（2）: 36-40.
［3］宋璇坤，韩柳，鞠黄培，等. 中国智能电网技术发展实践综述［J］. 电力建设， 2016， 37（7）: 1-11.
SONG Xuankun， HAN Liu， JU Huangpei， et al. A review on development practice of smart grid technology in China［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2016， 37（7）: 1-11.
［4］方勇杰. 美国“9·8”大停电对连锁故障防控技术的启示［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2012， 36（15）: 1-7.
FANG Yongjie. Lessons from September 8， 2011 southwest America blackout for prevention and control of cascading outages［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2012， 36（15）: 1-7.
［5］易俊，卜广全，郭强，等. 巴西“3·21”大停电事故分析及对中国电网的启示［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2019， 43（2）: 1-6.
YI Jun， BU Guangquan， GUO Qiang， et al. Analysis on blackout in Brazilian power grid on March 21， 2018 and its enlightenment to power grid in China［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2019， 43（2）: 1-6.
［6］刘自发，郭会萌，李梦渔. 不同接线模式下电网大停电风险研究［J］. 电力建设， 2014， 35（8）: 24-31.
LIU Zifa， GUO Huimeng， LI Mengyu. Study on power grid blackout risk under different connection modes［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2014， 35（8）: 24-31.
［7］罗剑波，郁琛，谢云云，等. 关于自然灾害下电力系统安全稳定防御方法的评述［J］. 电力系统保护与控制， 2018， 46（6）: 158-170.
LUO Jianbo， YU Chen， XIE Yunyun， et al. A review on risk assessment of power grid security and stability under natural disasters［J］. Power System Protection and Control， 2018， 46（6）: 158-170.
［8］ LIU Y T， FAN R， TERZIJA V. Power system restoration: A literature review from 2006 to 2016［J］. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy， 2016， 4（3）: 332-341.
［9］刘隽，李兴源，许秀芳. 互联电网的黑启动策略及相关问题［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2004， 28（5）: 93-97.
LIU Jun， LI Xingyuan， XU Xiufang. Strategies and problems in black start of interconnected power grids［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2004， 28（5）: 93-97.
［10］ SUN L， LIN Z Z， XU Y， et al. Optimal skeleton-network restoration considering generator start-up sequence and load pickup［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid， 2019， 10（3）: 3174-3185.
［11］李力，傅子昊，孙磊，等. 基于半监督谱聚类的黑启动分区策略［J］. 电力建设， 2017， 38（4）: 9-17.
LI Li， FU Zihao， SUN Lei， et al. Black-start zoning strategy based semi-supervised spectral clustering algorithm［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2017， 38（4）: 9-17.
［12］刘崇茹，吴旻昊，熊岑，等. 电力系统恢复决策优化模型与求解［J］. 中国电机工程学报， 2014， 34（25）: 4402-4408.
LIU Chongru， WU Minhao， XIONG Cen， et al. Optimization model and solving algorithm for restoration strategy［J］. Proceedings of the CSEE， 2014， 34（25）: 4402-4408.
［13］冯丽，金黎明，张同尊，等. 考虑恢复路径充电时间的机组启动次序决策方法［J］. 中国电机工程学报， 2016， 36（18）: 4904-4910， 5114.
FENG Li， JIN Liming， ZHANG Tongzun， et al. A new method to determine non-blackstart units restoration sequence with consideration of charging time of restoration paths［J］. Proceedings of the CSEE， 2016， 36（18）: 4904-4910， 5114.
［14］刘强，石立宝，周明，等. 电力系统恢复控制的机组优化启动策略［J］. 电力自动化设备， 2009， 29（4）: 1-5.
LIU Qiang， SHI Libao， ZHOU Ming， et al. Optimal start-up strategy of units during power system restoration［J］. Electric Power Automation Equipment， 2009， 29（4）: 1-5.
［15］孙润稼，刘玉田. 基于深度学习和蒙特卡洛树搜索的机组恢复在线决策［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2018， 42（14）: 40-47.
SUN Runjia， LIU Yutian. Online decision-making for generator start-up based on deep learning and monte Carlo tree search［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2018， 42（14）: 40-47.
［16］叶茂，刘艳，顾雪平，等. 基于动态风电穿透功率极限的黑启动方案制定［J］. 中国电机工程学报， 2018， 38（3）: 744-752.
YE Mao， LIU Yan， GU Xueping， et al. Black start scheme formation considering dynamic wind power penetration limit［J］. Proceedings of the CSEE， 2018， 38（3）: 744-752.
［17］刘艳，张华. 基于失电风险最小的机组恢复顺序优化方法［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2015， 39（14）: 46-53.
LIU Yan， ZHANG Hua. Optimization of units' restoration sequence based on minimizing risk of electrical energy loss［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2015， 39（14）: 46-53.
［18］孙磊，张璨，林振智，等. 计及电动汽车充电站作为黑启动电源的网架重构优化策略［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2015， 39（14）: 75-81， 104.
SUN Lei， ZHANG Can， LIN Zhenzhi， et al. An optimization strategy for network reconfiguration with charging stations of electric vehicles as black-start power sources［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2015， 39（14）: 75-81， 104.
［19］顾雪平，刘文轩，王佳裕，等. 一种机组恢复决策的多时段协调优化方法［J］. 电工技术学报， 2016， 31（21）: 114-124.
GU Xueping， LIU Wenxuan， WANG Jiayu， et al. An optimization approach based on multiple time-step coordination for decision making of unit restoration［J］. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society， 2016， 31（21）: 114-124.
［20］王洪涛，刘玉田. 基于NSGA-Ⅱ的多目标输电网架最优重构［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2009， 33（23）: 14-18.
WANG Hongtao， LIU Yutian. Multi-objective optimization of power system reconstruction based on NSGA-Ⅱ［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2009， 33（23）: 14-18.
［21］陈明辉，庞凯元，尚慧玉，等. 基于Vague值相似度的黑启动决策［J］. 电力建设， 2018， 39（11）: 28-33.
CHEN Minghui， PANG Kaiyuan， SHANG Huiyu， et al. Black-start decision-making based on similarity measures between vague sets［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2018， 39（11）: 28-33.
［22］戚庆茹，蒋维勇，刘建琴，等. 基于柔性直流输电技术的特高压直流送端孤岛系统黑启动方法［J］. 电力建设， 2017， 38（10）: 138-144.
QI Qingru， JIANG Weiyong， LIU Jianqin， et al. Islanding black-start method of UHVDC power system based on VSC-HVDC technology［J］. Electric Power Construction， 2017， 38（10）: 138-144.
［23］罗宗杰. 基于混合整数二元规划的机组启动次序策略研究［J］. 电力系统保护与控制， 2012， 40（11）: 112-116， 121.
LUO Zongjie. Generator unit startup sequence strategy based on mixed integer dual programming［J］. Power System Protection and Control， 2012， 40（11）: 112-116， 121.
［24］ SUN W， LIU C， ZHANG L. Optimal generator start-up strategy for bulk power system restoration［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems， 2011， 26（3）: 1357-1366.
［25］姚伟锋，赵俊华，文福拴，等. 基于双层优化的电动汽车充放电调度策略［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2012， 36（11）: 30-37.
YAO Weifeng， ZHAO Junhua， WEN Fushuan， et al. A charging and discharging dispatching strategy for electric vehicles based on bi-level optimization［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems， 2012， 36（11）: 30-37.

[1]	ZHU Xu, YANG Jun, LI Gaojunjie, DONG Xuzhu, LIU Shouwen. Optimal Dispatching Strategy of Regional Integrated Energy System Considering Virtual Energy Storage System朱旭1，杨军1，李高俊杰1，董旭柱1，刘首文2 [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2020, 41(8): 99-110.
[2]	CHENG Yu， WANG Wang. Planning and Operation Joint Optimization of Energy Storage System in Prosumer Smart Community [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(10): 118-125.
[3]	QI Bing, XIA Yan, LI Bin, LI Dezhi, CUI Gaoying. Scheduling Strategy Based on MILP for Assembly Enterprises Participating in Demand Response [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(9): 1-8.
[4]	SUN Zhipan, LIU Huilan, LI Ran, CHEN Yu, HUO Qijing, ZHENG Haodong. Optimal Dispatch for Microgrids with CHP Considering EV Users Intention [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(9): 95-104.
[5]	HUANG Yuchun, WANG Hong, WANG Ke, WEN Fushuan . Optimal Planning of Supply Capacity in a Residential Distribution System Considering Integration of Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(6): 1-.
[6]	CHEN Minghui， PANG Kaiyuan， SHANG Huiyu， XIONG Wen， YANG Zeng， WEN Fushuan. Black-start Decision-making Based on Similarity Measures between Vague Sets [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(11): 28-33.
[7]	WENG Yixuan, ZHAO Jie, CHENG Renli, LIU Dichen, XU Junru, ZHANG Shengfeng, HE Xiaofeng. Network-Reconfiguration Scheme Based on Node Search [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(1): 76-.
[8]	TAN Yan，SUN Lei,QI Feng,XIANG Liling，LONG Fei，LIN Zhenzhi，WEN Fushuan. Intelligent Upgrading Strategy of Substations in Power Distribution System [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(7): 114-.
[9]	YANG Yinguo,　TAN Yan, LIN Zhenzhi, WEN Fushuan. Black-Start Zoning Strategy Based Semi-Supervised Spectral Clustering Algorithm [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(4): 9-.
[10]	QI Qingru, JIANG Weiyong, LIU Jianqin, CHANG Hao, ZHOU Zhuan. Islanding Black-Start Method of UHVDC Power System Based on VSC-HVDC Technology [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(10): 138-.
[11]	LI Jiayi， ZHANG Honggang， XIA Xue， NING Kanghong， PENG Mingwei， CHEN Huimiao， HU Zechun. Optimal Planning of Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Facilities in Urban Areas [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(1): 17-.
[12]	WEI Peng， AN Haiyun， ZHOU Qian， ZHANG Junfang. Research of Transient Stability of Jiangsu Power Grid's Black-Start Based on BPA [J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2013, 34(8): 6-10.