Abstract:  With the development of smart grid, distributed generations (DGs) are widely integrated into the power system. However, the single DG represented by wind energy or solar energy is not visible to the large power grid, and there are many unfavorable factors in the power market trading. Considering the impacts of multi-energies, this paper constructs virtual power plant (VPP) model, which includes the DG, electricity load and energy storage system. The VPPs are connected with each other, aiming to meet each demand inside VPP while sharing the additional power between VPP aggregates to realize multi-stage markets trading. The proposed method is set based on maximizing the benefits inside the VPP and between networks to adopt renewable energy as much as possible, in which the demand response strategy (DR) is considered. Based on the trading method, the scientific electricity plan for each utility inside the VPP can be obtained, so as the reasonable bidding strategies between networks, which can provide reference for healthy and flexible operation and trading of VPP.

Key words:  virtual power plant（VPP）, distributed generation（DG）, aggregates, demand response (DR), bidding strategies, transaction method